Neoliberalismus mit "menschlichem Antlitz"? Der dritte Weg der Sozialdemokratie in der Krise

'Der Beitrag setzt sich mit dem dritten Weg der Sozialdemokratie auseinander und bestimmt sein Verhältnis zum Neoliberalismus. Das Augenmerk liegt auf der Politik und Programmatik von New Labour in Großbritannien, weil dort das Konzept des dritten Weges am entschiedensten verfolgt wurde. Das politische Programm des dritten Weges grenzt sich einerseits vom Neoliberalismus ab, greift aber auch Teile seiner Agenda auf. Als Konsensstrategie integriert es widersprüchliche Zielformulierungen, die in der politischen Praxis zu Konflikten führen müssen. Als perspektivisches Konzept für die regierenden sozialdemokratischen Parteien gedacht, scheint der dritte Weg wieder an Bedeutung zu verlieren. Die Konzeption entwickelte zu wenig eigenständiges Profil und politische Konturen, um die neoliberale Doktrin als hegemoniales Projekt abzulösen.' (Autorenreferat

Halbierter Sozialismus: oder: Die politische Theorie des dritten Weges

'Im europäischen Kontext ist die Formulierung einer sozialdemokratischen politischen Theorie des dritten Weges als Reaktion auf die konservative Hegemonie in Deutschland und insbesondere in Großbritannien zu bewerten. Die politische Theorie des dritten Weges verbindet Theorieelemente des ökonomischen (Neo-)Liberalismus und des philosophischen Konservatismus mit Werten und Ideen der sozialistischen Theorietradition. Die Kompatibilität dieser theoretisch heterogenen Positionen wird durch die Redefinition von grundlegenden politiktheoretischen Kategorien wie Gleichheit, soziale Gerechtigkeit und Freiheit hergestellt. Gesellschaftliche Interessengegensätze und Machtverhältnisse verschwinden in einem kommunitaristisch inspirierten Diskurs. Die politische Theorie des dritten Weges halbiert das sozialistische Projekt, indem sie es moralisch definiert und Kapitalismuskritik und Systemtranszendenz weitgehend negiert.' (Autorenreferat)'In the European context the phrasing of a social-democratic political theory of the third way as a reaction to the conservative hegemony in Germany and especially in Great Britain is assessed. The political theory of the third way links theory elements of the economic (neo-) liberalism and the philosophical conservatism with values and ideas of the socialist tradition of theory. The redefinition of fundamental political categories of theory, such as equality, social justice and freedom, creates the compatibility of these theoretically heterogenous positions. Contrasting societal interests and power relations disappear in a communitarian-inspired discourse. The political theory of the third way divides the socialist project by defining it morally and, to a large extent, negating capitalist criticism and systems transcendence.' (author's abstract

Hegemonie und Erinnerung: zur Konzeption von Geschichts- und Vergangenheitspolitik

'Der Beitrag diskutiert das Konzept von Geschichts- und Vergangenheitspolitik und analysiert ihre gesellschaftlichen Funktionen, Medien und Akteure. Dabei fasst der Artikel die politikwissenschaftliche Diskussion zu Geschichts- und Vergangenheitspolitik überblicksartig zusammen und offeriert begriffliche Modifikationen. Im Anschluss daran wird das Politikfeld in den Rahmen eines konflikttheoretischen Gesellschaftsmodells gestellt. Geschichtspolitische Konflikte reflektieren einerseits die politisch-kulturelle Konstellation einer pluralistischen Gesellschaft, sie produzieren andererseits diese Konfliktstruktur stets aufs Neue. Geschichtspolitische Diskurse sind offene Prozesse und können nicht durch totalisierende Deutungen geschlossen werden. Geschichts- und Vergangenheitspolitik sind Bestandteil des gesellschaftlichen Kampfes um die kulturelle Hegemonie.' (Autorenreferat)'The article deals with the concepts of the politics of history and the politics of past. It analyzes the societal functions, the media and the agents of the politics of history. In doing so it gives a survey on the general discussion and proposes some notional modifications. Then a conflict-theoretical model of society will be provided and combined with the concept of the politics of history. The political construction of history and memory in pluralistic societies therefore reflects the actual political situation and functions as a dynamic process as well. These political conflicts are open discourses which cannot to be ended by totalizing efforts. The politics of history is part of the societal struggle for cultural hegemony.' (author's abstract

Marie Reidemeister and Otto Neurath: interwoven lives and work

Otto Neurath and Marie Reidemeister were both part of an interdisciplinary team which developed the ‘Vienna Method of Pictorial Statistics’ (later known as Isotype). Neurath is usually credited as the ‘inventor’ of Isotype, yet Reidemeister was a key figure in this work of visual education from the beginning. After Neurath’s death in 1945, she continued the Isotype work for two and a half decades. Marie Reidemeister also became a historian of Isotype and, in the 1970s and 1980s, she was involved in editing publications about Otto Neurath, helping to shape and correct the record of his life and work. This paper explores the challenges faced by female surviving partners who have worked intensively with their spouses for a long time and later work on their legacy. What problems arise from the effort to honour the deceased partner for one’s own visibility as a researcher? Marie Reidemeister’s role and attitude deserve examination for not fully conforming to the stereotype of a widow anxious to control the reputation of a deceased partner; neither did she attempt to present herself as the ‘great woman behind a great man’, instead calmly recording facts that establish her as a pioneer of information design

Logischer Empirismus, Lebensreform und Die Deutsche Jugendbewegung Logical Empiricism, Life Reform, and the German Youth Movement

Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries

Peptides and Astroglia Improve the Regenerative Capacity of Alginate Gels in the Injured Spinal Cord

Anisotropic alginate hydrogels with microchannels can provide a substrate for cotransplanted cells and for axons in the injured spinal cord by physically guiding regenerating axons across a lesion. However, alginate gels alone only result in modest axonal growth responses. To determine whether modification of negatively charged alginate hydrogels with positively charged polyamino acids (poly-l-ornithine [PLO]) and laminin enhance axonal growth, cell adhesion, and neurite growth were examined in vitro and in vivo. Up to 400 mu g peptide/mg alginate dry weight could be electrostatically bound for at least 2 weeks in vitro significantly increasing cell adhesion and neurite outgrowth from dorsal root ganglion neurons. In vivo, PLO/laminin-coated hydrogels grafted into a cervical lateral hemisection in adult female Fischer 344 rats resulted in increased host cell migration into alginate channels and a slight increase in neurite growth. To further enhance integration of scaffolds, syngeneic postnatal astrocytes isolated from GFP-transgenic rats were seeded into coated alginate channels before grafting. Astrocytes survived, filled the majority of alginate channels, and served as a cellular bridge for axons. Regenerating axons, including descending serotonergic fibers, preferentially extended into astrocyte-containing channels, which contained a higher number of axons over the entire length of the hydrogel. Thus, alginate hydrogel scaffolds can be stably modified with bioactive peptides and cografts of postnatal astrocytes further promote scaffold integration and neurite extension. Impact Statement Axonal bridging across a lesion in the injured spinal cord requires a growth substrate and guidance cues. Using alginate hydrogels with capillary channels we show that poly-l-ornithine and laminin can be stably bound and improve cell adhesion and neurite growth in vitro, and axon growth in vivo by enhancing host cell infiltration in the injured spinal cord. Filling of coated hydrogels with postnatal astrocytes further increases short-distance axon growth and results in a continuous astroglial substrate across the host/graft interface. Thus, positively charged bioactive molecules can be stably bound to anisotropic capillary alginate hydrogels and early astrocytes further promote tissue integration

Ticagrelor or Aspirin After Coronary Artery Bypass in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease

Background: The optimal antiplatelet therapy for patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery remains unknown. Methods: This post hoc analysis of the Ticagrelor in Coronary Artery Bypass (TiCAB) trial examined the efficacy and safety of ticagrelor vs aspirin in patients with and patients without CKD. The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE), namely, the composite of cardiovascular death, stroke, myocardial infarction, or revascularization at 1 year after coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Secondary endpoints included individual components of the primary endpoint, all-cause death, and major bleeding. Results: Chronic kidney disease was present in 276 of 1843 randomized patients (15%). Patients with CKD vs patients without CKD had higher 1-year rates of MACCE (13% vs 8.3%, hazard ratio [HR] 1.63; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.12 to 2.39; P =.01) and major bleeding (5.6% vs 3.1%, HR 1.84; 95% CI, 1.03 to 3.28; P =.04). The 1-year rate of MACCE was increased with ticagrelor vs aspirin in patients with CKD (18.2% vs 8.9%, HR 2.15; 95% CI, 1.08 to 4.30; P =.03), but not in patients without CKD (8.5% vs 8.1%, HR 1.05; 95% CI, 0.74 to 1.49; P =.79; Pinteraction =.067). There was no difference in the 1-year rate of major bleeding with ticagrelor vs aspirin in patients with CKD (6.6% vs 4.7%, HR 1.44; 95% CI, 0.52 to 3.97; P =.48) and patients without CKD (3.3% vs 2.9%, HR 1.14; 95% CI, 0.64 to 2.01; P =.65). Conclusions: Among patients with CKD and coronary artery bypass graft surgery, those who received ticagrelor had a higher incidence of MACCE but a similar incidence of major bleeding compared with those who received aspirin