Effect of Grain Boundary Character Distribution on the Impact Toughness of 410NiMo Weld Metal

Grain boundary character distributions in 410NiMo weld metal were studied in the as-welded, first-stage, and second-stage postweld heat treatment (PWHT) conditions, and these were correlated with the Charpy-V impact toughness values of the material. The high impact toughness values in the weld metal in the as-welded and first-stage PWHT conditions compared to that in the second-stage condition are attributed to the higher fraction of low-energy I pound boundaries. A higher volume fraction of retained austenite and coarser martensite after second-stage PWHT accompanied by the formation of the ideal cube component in the 2-hour heat-treated specimen led to a reduction in the toughness value. A subsequent increase in the PWHT duration at 873 K (600 A degrees C) enhanced the formation of {111}aOE (c) 112 >, which impedes the adverse effect of the cubic component, resulting in an increase in the impact toughness. In addition to this, grain refinement during 4-hour PWHT in the second stage also increased the toughness of the weld metal

High Entropy Alloys: Criteria for Stable Structure

An effort has been made to reassess the phase predicting capability of various thermodynamic and topological parameters across a wide range of HEA systems. These parameters are valence electron concentration, atomic mismatch (delta), electronegativity difference (Delta chi), mixing entropy (Delta S (mix)), entropy of fusion (Delta S (f)), and mismatch entropy (S (sigma) ). In continuation of that, two new parameters (a) Modified Darken-Gurry parameter (A = S sigma * chi) and (b) Modified Mismatch Entropy parameter (B = delta* S sigma) have been designed to predict the stable crystal structure that would form in the HEA systems considered for assessment. (C) The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society and ASM International 201