Cotton Price Policy and New Cereal Technology in the Malian Cotton Zone

During the last decade, cotton production and area have been declining as a result of depleting soil nutrients and low cotton prices in the cotton zone of Mali. This paper shows that the Malian government’s 2011 policy to increase the farm gate cotton price as a response to world cotton price increase enhances farm income but has less impact on cotton than on maize production. A complementary policy of introducing new sorghum technologies would have an equal impact on farmers’ incomes in the cotton zone of Mali.Cotton prices, improved sorghum technology, discrete stochastic programming, Mali, Agricultural and Food Policy, Farm Management, International Development, Production Economics, Risk and Uncertainty,

Generalized W-Class State and its Monogamy Relation

We generalize the W class of states from $n$ qubits to $n$ qudits and prove that their entanglement is fully characterized by their partial entanglements even for the case of the mixture that consists of a W-class state and a product state $\ket{0}^{\otimes n}$.Comment: 12 pages, 1 figur

A lambda calculus for quantum computation with classical control

The objective of this paper is to develop a functional programming language for quantum computers. We develop a lambda calculus for the classical control model, following the first author's work on quantum flow-charts. We define a call-by-value operational semantics, and we give a type system using affine intuitionistic linear logic. The main results of this paper are the safety properties of the language and the development of a type inference algorithm.Comment: 15 pages, submitted to TLCA'05. Note: this is basically the work done during the first author master, his thesis can be found on his webpage. Modifications: almost everything reformulated; recursion removed since the way it was stated didn't satisfy lemma 11; type inference algorithm added; example of an implementation of quantum teleportation adde

Non-Newtonian gravity in finite nuclei

In this talk, we report our recent study of constraining the non-Newtonian gravity at femtometer scale. We incorporate the Yukawa-type non-Newtonian gravitational potential consistently to the Skyrme functional form using the exact treatment for the direct contribution and density-matrix expansion method for the exchange contribution. The effects from the non-Newtonian potential on finite nuclei properties are then studied together with a well-tested Skyrme force. Assuming that the framework without non-Newtonian gravity can explain the binding energies and charge radii of medium to heavy nuclei within 2% error, we set an upper limit for the strength of the non-Newtonian gravitational potential at femtometer scale.Comment: Talk given at the 11th International Conference on Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions (NN2012), San Antonio, Texas, USA, May 27-June 1, 2012. To appear in the NN2012 Proceedings in Journal of Physics: Conference Series (JPCS

Propagating Coherent Acoustic Phonon Wavepackets in InMnAs/GaSb

We observe pronounced oscillations in the differential reflectivity of a ferromagnetic InMnAs/GaSb heterostructure using two-color pump-probe spectroscopy. Although originally thought to be associated with the ferromagnetism, our studies show that the oscillations instead result from changes in the position and frequency-dependent dielectric function due to the generation of coherent acoustic phonons in the ferromagnetic InMnAs layer and their subsequent propagation into the GaSb. Our theory accurately predicts the experimentally measured oscillation period and decay time as a function of probe wavelength.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure

Ultrahigh-Field Hole Cyclotron Resonance Absorption in InMnAs Films

We have carried out an ultrahigh-field cyclotron resonance study of p-type In1-xMnxAs films, with Mn composition x ranging from 0% to 2.5%, grown on GaAs by low-temperature molecular-beam epitaxy. Pulsed magnetic fields up to 500 T were used to make cyclotron resonance observable in these low-mobility samples. The clear observation of hole cyclotron resonance is direct evidence of the existence of a large number of itinerant, effective-mass-type holes rather than localized d-like holes. It further suggests that the p-d exchange mechanism is more favorable than the double exchange mechanism in this narrow gap InAs-based dilute magnetic semiconductor. In addition to the fundamental heavy-hole and light-hole cyclotron resonance absorption appearing near the high-magnetic-field quantum limit, we observed many inter-Landau-level absorption bands whose transition probabilities are stronglydependent on the sense of circular polarization of the incident light.Comment: 8 pages, 10 Postscript figure

Nuclear constraints on non-Newtonian gravity at femtometer scale

Effects of the non-Newtonian gravity on properties of finite nuclei are studied by consistently incorporating both the direct and exchange contribution of the Yukawa potential in the Hartree-Fock approach using a well-tested Skyrme force for the strong interaction. It is shown for the first time that the strength of the Yukawa term in the non-Newtonian gravity is limited to $\log(|\alpha|)<1.75/[\lambda(\rm fm)]^{0.54} + 33.6$ within the length scale of $\lambda=1-10$ fm in order for the calculated properties of finite nuclei not to be in conflict with accurate experimental data available.Comment: Additional discussions and references added; related Lab Talk is available via http://iopscience.iop.org/0954-3899/labtalk-article/5229

Nonclassical Fields and the Nonlinear Interferometer

We demonstrate several new results for the nonlinear interferometer, which emerge from a formalism which describes in an elegant way the output field of the nonlinear interferometer as two-mode entangled coherent states. We clarify the relationship between squeezing and entangled coherent states, since a weak nonlinear evolution produces a squeezed output, while a strong nonlinear evolution produces a two-mode, two-state entangled coherent state. In between these two extremes exist superpositions of two-mode coherent states manifesting varying degrees of entanglement for arbitrary values of the nonlinearity. The cardinality of the basis set of the entangled coherent states is finite when the ratio $\chi / \pi$ is rational, where $\chi$ is the nonlinear strength. We also show that entangled coherent states can be produced from product coherent states via a nonlinear medium without the need for the interferometric configuration. This provides an important experimental simplification in the process of creating entangled coherent states.Comment: 21 pages, 2 figure