Resistive switching and charge transport mechanisms in ITO/ZnO/p-Si devices

[EN] The resistive switching properties of ITO/ZnO/p-Si devices have been studied, which present well-defined resistance states with more than five orders of magnitude difference in current. Both the high resistance state (HRS) and the low resistance state (LRS) were induced by either sweeping or pulsing the voltage, observing some differences in the HRS. Finally, the charge transport mechanisms dominating the pristine, HRS, and LRS states have been analyzed in depth, and the obtained structural parameters suggest a partial re-oxidation of the conductive nanofilaments and a reduction of the effective conductive area.This work was financially supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (Project Nos. TEC2012-38540-C02-01 and TEC2016-76849-C2-1-R). O.B. also acknowledges the subprogram "Ayudas para Contratos Predoctorales para la Formacion de Doctores" of the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness for economical support. X.P., C.L., and C.G. are grateful to C. Frilay for his expertise in the maintenance of the sputtering kit used for the growth of the ZnO films.Blázquez, O.; Frieiro, J.; López-Vidrier, J.; Guillaume, C.; Portier, X.; Labbé, C.; Sanchis Kilders, P.... (2018). Resistive switching and charge transport mechanisms in ITO/ZnO/p-Si devices. Applied Physics Letters. 113(18):1-6. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.50469111611318I. G. Baek , M. S. Lee , S. Sco , M. J. Lee , D. H. Seo , D.S. Suh , J. C. Park , S. O. Park , H. S. Kim , I. K. Yoo , U.I. Chung , and J. T. Moon , in IEDM Technical Digest. IEEE International Electron Devices Meeting, 2004 ( IEEE, 2004), pp. 587–590.Waser, R., & Aono, M. (2007). Nanoionics-based resistive switching memories. Nature Materials, 6(11), 833-840. doi:10.1038/nmat2023Kaeriyama, S., Sakamoto, T., Sunamura, H., Mizuno, M., Kawaura, H., Hasegawa, T., … Aono, M. (2005). A nonvolatile programmable solid-electrolyte nanometer switch. 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Nanoscale Memristor Device as Synapse in Neuromorphic Systems. Nano Letters, 10(4), 1297-1301. doi:10.1021/nl904092hVescio, G., Crespo-Yepes, A., Alonso, D., Claramunt, S., Porti, M., Rodriguez, R., … Aymerich, X. (2017). Inkjet Printed HfO2-Based ReRAMs: First Demonstration and Performance Characterization. IEEE Electron Device Letters, 38(4), 457-460. doi:10.1109/led.2017.2668599Valov, I. (2013). Redox-Based Resistive Switching Memories (ReRAMs): Electrochemical Systems at the Atomic Scale. ChemElectroChem, 1(1), 26-36. doi:10.1002/celc.201300165Martín, G., González, M. B., Campabadal, F., Peiró, F., Cornet, A., & Estradé, S. (2017). Transmission electron microscopy assessment of conductive-filament formation in Ni–HfO2–Si resistive-switching operational devices. Applied Physics Express, 11(1), 014101. doi:10.7567/apex.11.014101Simanjuntak, F. M., Panda, D., Wei, K.-H., & Tseng, T.-Y. (2016). Status and Prospects of ZnO-Based Resistive Switching Memory Devices. 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M., Panda, D., Tsai, T.-L., Lin, C.-A., Wei, K.-H., & Tseng, T.-Y. (2015). Enhancing the memory window of AZO/ZnO/ITO transparent resistive switching devices by modulating the oxygen vacancy concentration of the top electrode. Journal of Materials Science, 50(21), 6961-6969. doi:10.1007/s10853-015-9247-ySimanjuntak, F. M., Prasad, O. K., Panda, D., Lin, C.-A., Tsai, T.-L., Wei, K.-H., & Tseng, T.-Y. (2016). Impacts of Co doping on ZnO transparent switching memory device characteristics. Applied Physics Letters, 108(18), 183506. doi:10.1063/1.4948598Simanjuntak, F. M., Panda, D., Tsai, T.-L., Lin, C.-A., Wei, K.-H., & Tseng, T.-Y. (2015). Enhanced switching uniformity in AZO/ZnO1−x/ITO transparent resistive memory devices by bipolar double forming. Applied Physics Letters, 107(3), 033505. doi:10.1063/1.4927284Liu, Q., Guan, W., Long, S., Jia, R., Liu, M., & Chen, J. (2008). Resistive switching memory effect of ZrO[sub 2] films with Zr[sup +] implanted. 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Estimating the Relative Stiffness between a Hepatic Lesion and the Liver Parenchyma through Biomechanical Simulations of the Breathing Process

[EN] In this paper, a method to in vivo estimate the relative stifness between a hepatic lesion and the liver parenchyma is presented. Tis method is based on the fnite element simulation of the deformation that the liver undergoes during the breathing process. Boundary conditions are obtained through a registration algorithm known as Coherent Point Drif (CPD), which compares the liver form in two phases of the breathing process. Finally, the relative stifness of the tumour with respect to the liver parenchyma is calculated by means of a Genetic Algorithm, which does a blind search of this parameter. Te relative stifness together with the clinical information of the patient can be used to establish the type of hepatic lesion. Te developed methodology was frst applied to a test case, i.e., to a control case where the parameters were known, in order to verify its validity. Afer that, the method was applied to two real cases and low errors were obtained.This work has been funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) through research projects DPI2013-40859-R and TIN2014-52033-R, both also supported by European FEDER funds.Martinez-Sanchis, S.; Rupérez Moreno, MJ.; Nadal, E.; Pareja, E.; Brugger, S.; Borzacchiello, D.; López, R.... (2018). Estimating the Relative Stiffness between a Hepatic Lesion and the Liver Parenchyma through Biomechanical Simulations of the Breathing Process. Mathematical Problems in Engineering. 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/5317324S110Kmieć, Z. (2001). Introduction — Morphology of the Liver Lobule. Advances in Anatomy Embryology and Cell Biology, 1-6. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-56553-3_1Cequera, A., & García de León Méndez, M. C. (2014). Biomarkers for liver fibrosis: Advances, advantages and disadvantages. Revista de Gastroenterología de México (English Edition), 79(3), 187-199. doi:10.1016/j.rgmxen.2014.07.001Vilar-Gomez, E., & Chalasani, N. (2018). Non-invasive assessment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Clinical prediction rules and blood-based biomarkers. Journal of Hepatology, 68(2), 305-315. doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2017.11.013Giannini, E. G. (2005). Liver enzyme alteration: a guide for clinicians. Canadian Medical Association Journal, 172(3), 367-379. doi:10.1503/cmaj.1040752Oliva, M. R. (2004). Liver cancer imaging: role of CT, MRI, US and PET. Cancer Imaging, 4(Special Issue A), S42-S46. doi:10.1102/1470-7330.2004.0011Mouw, J. K., Yui, Y., Damiano, L., Bainer, R. O., Lakins, J. N., Acerbi, I., … Weaver, V. M. (2014). Tissue mechanics modulate microRNA-dependent PTEN expression to regulate malignant progression. Nature Medicine, 20(4), 360-367. doi:10.1038/nm.3497Paszek, M. J., Zahir, N., Johnson, K. R., Lakins, J. N., Rozenberg, G. I., Gefen, A., … Weaver, V. M. (2005). Tensional homeostasis and the malignant phenotype. Cancer Cell, 8(3), 241-254. doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2005.08.010Kuo, Y.-H., Lu, S.-N., Hung, C.-H., Kee, K.-M., Chen, C.-H., Hu, T.-H., … Wang, J.-H. (2010). Liver stiffness measurement in the risk assessment of hepatocellular carcinoma for patients with chronic hepatitis. Hepatology International, 4(4), 700-706. doi:10.1007/s12072-010-9223-1Heide, R., Strobel, D., Bernatik, T., & Goertz, R. (2010). Characterization of Focal Liver Lesions (FLL) with Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse (ARFI) Elastometry. Ultraschall in der Medizin - European Journal of Ultrasound, 31(04), 405-409. doi:10.1055/s-0029-1245565Frulio, N., Laumonier, H., Carteret, T., Laurent, C., Maire, F., Balabaud, C., … Trillaud, H. (2013). Evaluation of Liver Tumors Using Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse Elastography and Correlation With Histologic Data. Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine, 32(1), 121-130. doi:10.7863/jum.2013.32.1.121Ma, X., Zhan, W., Zhang, B., Wei, B., Wu, X., Zhou, M., … Li, P. (2014). Elastography for the differentiation of benign and malignant liver lesions: a meta-analysis. Tumor Biology, 35(5), 4489-4497. doi:10.1007/s13277-013-1591-4Guo, L.-H., Wang, S.-J., Xu, H.-X., Sun, L.-P., Zhang, Y.-F., Xu, J.-M., … Xu, X.-H. (2015). Differentiation of benign and malignant focal liver lesions: value of virtual touch tissue quantification of acoustic radiation force impulse elastography. Medical Oncology, 32(3). doi:10.1007/s12032-015-0543-9Dietrich, C., Bamber, J., Berzigotti, A., Bota, S., Cantisani, V., Castera, L., … Thiele, M. (2017). EFSUMB Guidelines and Recommendations on the Clinical Use of Liver Ultrasound Elastography, Update 2017 (Long Version). Ultraschall in der Medizin - European Journal of Ultrasound, 38(04), e16-e47. doi:10.1055/s-0043-103952Ferraioli, G., Filice, C., Castera, L., Choi, B. I., Sporea, I., Wilson, S. R., … Kudo, M. (2015). WFUMB Guidelines and Recommendations for Clinical Use of Ultrasound Elastography: Part 3: Liver. Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology, 41(5), 1161-1179. doi:10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2015.03.007Sigrist, R. M. S., Liau, J., Kaffas, A. E., Chammas, M. C., & Willmann, J. K. (2017). Ultrasound Elastography: Review of Techniques and Clinical Applications. Theranostics, 7(5), 1303-1329. doi:10.7150/thno.18650Cosgrove, D., Piscaglia, F., Bamber, J., Bojunga, J., Correas, J.-M., Gilja, O., … Dietrich, C. (2013). EFSUMB Guidelines and Recommendations on the Clinical Use of Ultrasound Elastography.Part 2: Clinical Applications. Ultraschall in der Medizin - European Journal of Ultrasound, 34(03), 238-253. doi:10.1055/s-0033-1335375Palmeri, M. L., & Nightingale, K. R. (2011). What challenges must be overcome before ultrasound elasticity imaging is ready for the clinic? Imaging in Medicine, 3(4), 433-444. doi:10.2217/iim.11.41Samir, A. E., Dhyani, M., Vij, A., Bhan, A. K., Halpern, E. F., Méndez-Navarro, J., … Chung, R. T. (2015). Shear-Wave Elastography for the Estimation of Liver Fibrosis in Chronic Liver Disease: Determining Accuracy and Ideal Site for Measurement. Radiology, 274(3), 888-896. doi:10.1148/radiol.14140839Toshima, T., Shirabe, K., Takeishi, K., Motomura, T., Mano, Y., Uchiyama, H., … Maehara, Y. (2011). New method for assessing liver fibrosis based on acoustic radiation force impulse: a special reference to the difference between right and left liver. Journal of Gastroenterology, 46(5), 705-711. doi:10.1007/s00535-010-0365-7Barr, R. G., Ferraioli, G., Palmeri, M. L., Goodman, Z. D., Garcia-Tsao, G., Rubin, J., … Levine, D. (2015). Elastography Assessment of Liver Fibrosis: Society of Radiologists in Ultrasound Consensus Conference Statement. Radiology, 276(3), 845-861. doi:10.1148/radiol.2015150619Venkatesh, S. K., Yin, M., & Ehman, R. L. (2013). Magnetic resonance elastography of liver: Technique, analysis, and clinical applications. Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 37(3), 544-555. doi:10.1002/jmri.23731Low, G. (2016). General review of magnetic resonance elastography. World Journal of Radiology, 8(1), 59. doi:10.4329/wjr.v8.i1.59Thompson, S. M., Wang, J., Chandan, V. S., Glaser, K. J., Roberts, L. R., Ehman, R. L., & Venkatesh, S. K. (2017). MR elastography of hepatocellular carcinoma: Correlation of tumor stiffness with histopathology features—Preliminary findings. Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 37, 41-45. doi:10.1016/j.mri.2016.11.005Myronenko, A., & Xubo Song. (2010). Point Set Registration: Coherent Point Drift. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 32(12), 2262-2275. doi:10.1109/tpami.2010.46Martínez-Martínez, F., Lago, M. A., Rupérez, M. J., & Monserrat, C. (2013). Analysis of several biomechanical models for the simulation of lamb liver behaviour using similarity coefficients from medical image. Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 16(7), 747-757. doi:10.1080/10255842.2011.637492Untaroiu, C. D., & Lu, Y.-C. (2013). Material characterization of liver parenchyma using specimen-specific finite element models. Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials, 26, 11-22. doi:10.1016/j.jmbbm.2013.05.013Large deformation isotropic elasticity – on the correlation of theory and experiment for incompressible rubberlike solids. (1972). Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. A. Mathematical and Physical Sciences, 326(1567), 565-584. doi:10.1098/rspa.1972.0026Chui, C., Kobayashi, E., Chen, X., Hisada, T., & Sakuma, I. (2006). Transversely isotropic properties of porcine liver tissue: experiments and constitutive modelling. Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing, 45(1), 99-106. doi:10.1007/s11517-006-0137-yHostettler, A., George, D., Rémond, Y., Nicolau, S. A., Soler, L., & Marescaux, J. (2010). Bulk modulus and volume variation measurement of the liver and the kidneys in vivo using abdominal kinetics during free breathing. Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine, 100(2), 149-157. doi:10.1016/j.cmpb.2010.03.003Chatterjee, S., Laudato, M., & Lynch, L. A. (1996). Genetic algorithms and their statistical applications: an introduction. Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, 22(6), 633-651. doi:10.1016/0167-9473(96)00011-4Martínez-Martínez, F., Rupérez, M. J., Martín-Guerrero, J. D., Monserrat, C., Lago, M. A., Pareja, E., … López-Andújar, R. (2013). Estimation of the elastic parameters of human liver biomechanical models by means of medical images and evolutionary computation. Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine, 111(3), 537-549. doi:10.1016/j.cmpb.2013.05.005Lago, M. A., Rupérez, M. J., Martínez-Martínez, F., Monserrat, C., Larra, E., Güell, J. L., & Peris-Martínez, C. (2015). A new methodology for the in vivo estimation of the elastic constants that characterize the patient-specific biomechanical behavior of the human cornea. Journal of Biomechanics, 48(1), 38-43. doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2014.11.009Lago, M. A., Rupérez, M. J., Martínez-Martínez, F., Martínez-Sanchis, S., Bakic, P. R., & Monserrat, C. (2015). Methodology based on genetic heuristics for in-vivo characterizing the patient-specific biomechanical behavior of the breast tissues. Expert Systems with Applications, 42(21), 7942-7950. doi:10.1016/j.eswa.2015.05.058Hoyt, K., Castaneda, B., Zhang, M., Nigwekar, P., di Sant’Agnese, P. A., Joseph, J. V., … Parker, K. J. (2008). Tissue elasticity properties as biomarkers for prostate cancer. Cancer Biomarkers, 4(4-5), 213-225. doi:10.3233/cbm-2008-44-505Xu, W., Mezencev, R., Kim, B., Wang, L., McDonald, J., & Sulchek, T. (2012). Cell Stiffness Is a Biomarker of the Metastatic Potential of Ovarian Cancer Cells. PLoS ONE, 7(10), e46609. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0046609Martinez-Sanchis, S., Rupérez, M. J., Nadal, E., Borzacchiello, D., Monserrat, C., Pareja, E., … López-Andújar, R. (2017). Estimating the Patient-Specific Relative Stiffness Between a Hepatic Lesion and the Liver Parenchyma. Lecture Notes in Computational Vision and Biomechanics, 485-494. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-68195-5_5

Project-Based Learning as a Coordination Methodology between Subjects in a Chemical Engineering Degree

[EN] An important issue in any academic degree is to develop a high level of vertical/horizontal coordination between the different subjects taught along the four courses. This activity takes into account the coordination of the contents and methodologies that the teachers teach and the students acquire, the timing when the students learn them and the homework/exams that they do. As a result, both teachers and students gain an overall view of the degree and the teaching-learning process improves. According to this idea, the teachers of the Chemical Engineering degree at Campus of Alcoy are participating in an Educational Innovation and Improvement Project (EIIP) for applying the project-based learning methodology to the design of an adsorption system for the elimination of dyes in wastewater from the textile industry. This work is scheduled along the four courses and is distributed between some of the basic or specialized subjects that the students attend. The adsorption column design is partially solved in each subject and the results obtained in one subject are used in the following. As a result, the project is completed sequentially throughout the degree applying a methodology based on teamwork. This paper shows some of the activities proposed in different subjects, their timing and assessments during four courses. These activities include laboratory work for obtaining adsorption equilibrium and adsorption kinetics experimental data together with column dynamic performance. Other activities belong to the modelling and simulation domain for establishing the mathematical equations corresponding to the different phenomena linked to adsorption. Also there are activities focused on experimental data treatment for estimating the parameters characterizing the adsorption isotherms or mass transfer coefficients. Finally, other activities are devoted to the column design and control, cost estimation, and oral/writing communication of the work done by the students.This article has been supported by Universitat Politècnica de València, particularly by the Vice-rectorate for Digital Resources and Documentation (Vicerrectorado de Recursos Digitales y Documentación) and Vice-Rectorate for Studies, Quality and Accreditation (Vicerrectorado de Estudios, Calidad y Acreditación) under the Call for Learning + Teaching (Convocatoria A+D2019: Aprendizaje + Docencia. Proyectos de Innovación y Mejora Educativa) and Project Code: A157. The authors would like to acknowledge the support of the Institute of Educational Sciences (Instituto de Ciencias de la Educación), the Evaluation and Monitoring Commission for Educational Innovation and Improvement Projects (Comisión de Evaluación y Seguimiento de Proyectos de Innovación y Mejora Educativa (CESPIME) and Escuela Politécnica Superior de Alcoy.Carbonell Alcaina, C.; Cardona, SC.; Domínguez-Candela, I.; Fombuena, V.; López Pérez, MF.; Lora-García, J.; Sanchis, R. (2021). Project-Based Learning as a Coordination Methodology between Subjects in a Chemical Engineering Degree. INTED proceedings (Online). 5965-5974. https://doi.org/10.21125/inted.2021.1193S5965597

The Koskobilo (Olazti, Navarre, Northern Iberian Peninsula) paleontological collection: New insights for the Middle and Late Pleistocene in Western Pyrenees

The destroyed site(s) of Koskobilo (Olazti, Navarre, Northern Iberian Peninsula) have yielded unique archaeo-paleontological evidence in the Western Pyrenees region. The quarry uncovered a karstic site with faunal remains in 1940, and fossils were recovered both in situ and from the quarry dump. Ten years later, while the quarry was still working, a new visit to the dump yielded a large lithic assemblage and additional fossil remains with a different taphonomic pattern, which has been interpreted as the remains coming from a different site or zone within the same karst system. Here we re-study the paleontological evidence and provide new dating on a speleothem covering a Stephanorhinus hemitoechus tooth, which has yielded a minimum date of c. 220 ka for part of the assemblage. In total, the fossil assemblage comprises 38 mammal and six avian taxa and three fish remains. The faunal evidence indicates that in 1940 a mix of taxa from both the Middle and Upper Pleistocene were recovered, and it is difficult to assign most of them to a concrete period. However, based on biochronological criteria some of the identified taxa (e.g., Ursus thibetanus, Ursus cf. deningeri, Cuon cf. priscus, Macaca sylvanus, cf. Megaceroides) could be roughly contemporaneous with the dated rhino tooth, which would provide a new window to the Middle Pleistocene of the region, with deposits from MIS 7d and/or older. Despite the difficulties in studying this collection, recovered without stratigraphic context and in a salvage operation, Koskobilo has yielded an important paleontological assemblage which helps to understand the paleoecology of the Middle Pleistocene human occupations in the Western Pyrenees

Exports and Productivity: Comparable Evidence for 14 Countries

We use comparable micro level panel data for 14 countries and a set of identically specified empirical models to investigate the relationship between exports and productivity. Our overall results are in line with the big picture that is by now familiar from the literature: Exporters are more productive than non-exporters when observed and unobserved heterogeneity are controlled for, and these exporter productivity premia tend to increase with the share of exports in total sales; there is strong evidence in favour of self-selection of more productive firms into export markets, but nearly no evidence in favour of the learning-by-exporting hypothesis. We document that the exporter premia differ considerably across countries in identically specified empirical models. In a meta-analysis of our results we find that countries that are more open and have more effective government report higher productivity premia. However, the level of development per se does not appear to be an explanation for the observed cross-country differences.exports; productivity; micro data; international comparison

The Rossiter-McLaughlin effect in Exoplanet Research

The Rossiter-McLaughlin effect occurs during a planet's transit. It provides the main means of measuring the sky-projected spin-orbit angle between a planet's orbital plane, and its host star's equatorial plane. Observing the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect is now a near routine procedure. It is an important element in the orbital characterisation of transiting exoplanets. Measurements of the spin-orbit angle have revealed a surprising diversity, far from the placid, Kantian and Laplacian ideals, whereby planets form, and remain, on orbital planes coincident with their star's equator. This chapter will review a short history of the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect, how it is modelled, and will summarise the current state of the field before describing other uses for a spectroscopic transit, and alternative methods of measuring the spin-orbit angle.Comment: Review to appear as a chapter in the "Handbook of Exoplanets", ed. H. Deeg & J.A. Belmont

Cognitive impairment induced by delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol occurs through heteromers between cannabinoid CB1 and serotonin 5-HT2A receptors

Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the main psychoactive compound of marijuana, induces numerous undesirable effects, including memory impairments, anxiety, and dependence. Conversely, THC also has potentially therapeutic effects, including analgesia, muscle relaxation, and neuroprotection. However, the mechanisms that dissociate these responses are still not known. Using mice lacking the serotonin receptor 5-HT2A, we revealed that the analgesic and amnesic effects of THC are independent of each other: while amnesia induced by THC disappears in the mutant mice, THC can still promote analgesia in these animals. In subsequent molecular studies, we showed that in specific brain regions involved in memory formation, the receptors for THC and the 5-HT2A receptors work together by physically interacting with each other. Experimentally interfering with this interaction prevented the memory deficits induced by THC, but not its analgesic properties. Our results highlight a novel mechanism by which the beneficial analgesic properties of THC can be dissociated from its cognitive side effects

Mapeo de áreas regadas usando datos geoespaciales y teledetección en el municipio de Caudete de las Fuentes (Valencia)

Las políticas de control del uso agrícola de aguas subterráneas mediante la inspección de contadores se han demostrado caras y poco eficientes, mientras que en algunos estudios se ha obtenido resultados prometedores mediante la teledetección. El rápido progreso de las tecnologías de teledetección ha hecho posible su aplicación para la identificación de áreas regadas, y los nuevos sensores y técnicas de inteligencia artificial abren nuevas oportunidades a mejorar su eficacia y precisión. Nuestro trabajo propone una metodología de bajo coste y eficiente para detectar viña en riego a escala de parcela con el fin de mejorar la gestión colectiva de aguas subterráneas. A partir de información oficial se ha distinguido la superficie regada con técnicas de análisis de aprendizaje automático, empleando variables que condicionan el estado hídrico de la planta para la temporada de riego 2019. La metodología calcula la humedad del suelo con el método OPTRAM (OPtical TRApezoid Model) de análisis multitemporal de imágenes procedentes de plataformas satelitales. Estos datos son integrados en un SIG junto a información climática, topográfica e información propia del cultivo. Finalmente, en base a inventarios de verdad-terreno se aplica un clasificador de aprendizaje automático para estimar la superficie regada con agua procedente del acuífero. Los resultados obtenidos presentan una precisión general del 94.7%. Su evaluación aporta un error medio cuadrático de 0.163 y R-cuadrado de 0.874. La alta precisión y los bajos niveles de error obtenidos permiten validar la metodología empleada, que presenta potencial de mejora mediante una mayor alimentación del proceso de aprendizaje automático, que se aplicará en breve a otros cultivos leñosos

Dynamical Boson Stars

The idea of stable, localized bundles of energy has strong appeal as a model for particles. In the 1950s John Wheeler envisioned such bundles as smooth configurations of electromagnetic energy that he called {\em geons}, but none were found. Instead, particle-like solutions were found in the late 1960s with the addition of a scalar field, and these were given the name {\em boson stars}. Since then, boson stars find use in a wide variety of models as sources of dark matter, as black hole mimickers, in simple models of binary systems, and as a tool in finding black holes in higher dimensions with only a single killing vector. We discuss important varieties of boson stars, their dynamic properties, and some of their uses, concentrating on recent efforts.Comment: 79 pages, 25 figures, invited review for Living Reviews in Relativity; major revision in 201

proGenomes3: approaching one million accurately and consistently annotated high-quality prokaryotic genomes

The interpretation of genomic, transcriptomic and other microbial 'omics data is highly dependent on the availability of well-annotated genomes. As the number of publicly available microbial genomes continues to increase exponentially, the need for quality control and consistent annotation is becoming critical. We present proGenomes3, a database of 907 388 high-quality genomes containing 4 billion genes that passed stringent criteria and have been consistently annotated using multiple functional and taxonomic databases including mobile genetic elements and biosynthetic gene clusters. proGenomes3 encompasses 41 171 species-level clusters, defined based on universal single copy marker genes, for which pan-genomes and contextual habitat annotations are provided. The database is available at http://progenomes.embl.de/