El rol mediador de la motivación autodeterminada entre la satisfacción de las necesidades psicológicas básicas y el engagement deportivo

Background: Engagement could constitute a frame of reference for promoting positive experiences in sport, hence the importance of learning about what precedes it in order to promote its development. This study was conducted to examine the role of self-motivation as a mediator between basic psychological needs satisfaction and athlete engagement. Method: A sample of 426 male and female athletes from different sports were asked to complete three questionnaires measuring each of the study variables: The Basic Needs Satisfaction in Sport Scale, the Behavioral Regulation in Sport Questionnaire and the Athlete Engagement Questionnaire. A structural relationships model between the constructs analyzed was specifi ed and implemented. Results: High levels of self-motivation increased levels of athlete engagement and vice versa. Conclusion: Basic psychological needs satisfaction has a direct positive effect on athlete engagement and in turn, an indirect effect mediated by athletes’ self-motivationAntecedentes: el engagement es un marco de referencia para la promoción de experiencias positivas en el deporte, de ahí la importancia de conocer sus antecedentes con el objetivo de promover su desarrollo. El presente estudio se realizó con el propósito de examinar el papel de la motivación autodeterminada como mediadora entre la satisfacción de las necesidades psicológicas básicas y el engagement de los deportistas. Método: se utilizó una muestra de 426 deportistas, hombres y mujeres, de diferentes modalidades deportivas a los que les pidió que respondieran a tres cuestionarios que medían cada una de las variables de estudio: Basic Needs Satisfaction in Sport Scale, Behavioral Regulation in Sport Questionnaire y Athlete Engagement Questionnaire. Se especifi có un modelo de relaciones estructurales entre los constructos analizados. Resultados: niveles altos de motivación autodeterminada incrementan los niveles de engagement del deportista mientras que niveles bajos de motivación autodeterminada los debilitan. Conclusión: existe un efecto directo de tipo positivo de la satisfacción de las necesidades psicológicas básicas de los deportistas sobre su grado de engagement deportivo y a la vez un efecto indirecto mediado por su motivación autodeterminadaThis work was supported by the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness of Spain under Grant PSI2014-56935-PS

Cancer Stem Cells as a Result of a Reprogramming-Like Mechanism

Open Access: under CC BY-NCSA 3.0 license.Research in our groups is partially supported by FEDER and by MICINN (SAF2009-08803 to ISG), by Junta de Castilla y León (Proyecto Biomedicina 2009-2010 to ISG, and Proyecto Biomedicina 2010-2011 to CVD), by MEC OncoBIO Consolider-Ingenio 2010 (Ref. CSD2007- 0017) to ISG, by NIH grant (R01 CA109335-04A1) to ISG, by Sandra Ibarra Foundation to ISG, and by Group of Excellence Grant (GR15) from Junta de Castilla y Leon to ISG and JJC.Peer reviewe

Propuesta de mejora en las áreas de producción y mantenimiento para reducir los costos operativos en la línea de producción de cuero liso negro en una curtiembre de Trujillo

En el presente trabajo tiene como objetivo determinar el impacto de la propuesta de mejora en las áreas de producción y mantenimiento sobre los costos operativos en la línea de producción de cuero liso negro en una curtiembre de Trujillo. Se realizó el diagnóstico del estado actual del área de producción y mantenimiento identificando los siguientes problemas: la falta de un adecuado balance en la línea de producción, la ausencia de planificación de la producción, la falta de capacitación al área de producción, la falta de mantenimiento de los equipos de producción y la falta de capacitación al área de mantenimiento. Cabe mencionar que inicialmente se tuvo una pérdida anual de S/. 189,138. Se desarrolló la propuesta de mejora en las áreas de producción y mantenimiento la cual consistió en la aplicación de: VSM, balance de Línea, MRP, programa de capacitación para el área de producción, Mantenimiento centrado en la confiabilidad (RCM) y un programa de Capacitación para el área de mantenimiento. Cabe mencionar que estas mejoras permitieron tener un ahorro anual de S/. 56,708.. Se realizó la evaluación económica de la propuesta de mejora en el área de producción y mantenimiento de la empresa Curtiembre con un horizonte de tiempo de 1 año, obteniendo como resultado que el proyecto es RENTABLE, ya que se obtuvo un VAN de S/10,260, TIR de 37.6%, B/C de 1.8 y un PRI de 18.2 meses.The objective of this work is to determine the impact of the improvement proposal in the production and maintenance areas on operating costs in the black smooth leather production line in a tannery in Trujillo. The diagnosis of the current state of the production and maintenance area was carried out, identifying the following problems: the lack of an adequate balance in the production line, the absence of production planning, the lack of training in the production area, the lack of maintenance of production equipment and lack of training in the maintenance area. It is worth mentioning that there was an annual loss of S /. 189,138. The improvement proposal was developed in the production and maintenance areas, which consisted in the application of: VSM, Line balance, MRP, training program for the production area, Reliability-Centered Maintenance (RCM) and a program of Training for the maintenance area. It is worth mentioning that these improvements allowed an annual saving of S /. 56,708 .. The economic evaluation of the improvement proposal in the production and maintenance area of the Tannery company was carried out with a time horizon of 1 year, obtaining as a result that the project is PROFITABLE, since a VNA of S / 10,260 was obtained, TIR of 37.6%, B / C of 1.8 and a PRI of 18.2 months

Task and Ego Orientation in Sport Questionnaire (TEOSQ): Psychometric Properties in Its Digital Version

The Task and Ego Orientation in Sport Questionnaire’s (TEOSQ’s) psychometric properties have been explored in previous studies but never in its digital version, which facilitates data collection. The objective of this study was to analyze the psychometric properties of the online TEOSQ by MenPas 1.0. The sample was composed of 2320 users (58.4% women; 41.6% men), between 18 and 65 years old (M = 25.27, SD = 7.39). The methods used were Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and invariance analysis from the original 13-item model. The CFA was corrected for all samples (CFI = 0.92–0.94, TLI = 0.93–0.95, RMSEA = 0.07, SRMR = 0.06; df = 64; Bollen-Stine Bootstrap p = 0.02–0.07): general sample (χ2 = 720.72, χ2/df = 11.26), women (χ2 = 496.85, χ2/df = 7.76), men (χ2 = 321.67, χ2/df = 5.03), individual sports (χ2 = 525.26, χ2/df = 8.21), and team sports (χ2 = 306.01, χ2/df = 4.78). The results also indicate optimal adjustments for invariance: convergent, discriminant and composite reliability validity. The study evidence demonstrates the adequate psychometric properties of the digital version. To conclude, considering the results obtained, the model shows a good psychometric fit for the sample in its online format. The principal limitations were computer failures, as well as that the large part of the sample were users between 20 and 25 years old, so the heterogeneity should be improved. The practical implications of this study could improve the efficacy of data collection in sports motivation using the online TEOSQThis research received no external funding. Partial funding for open access charge: Universidad de Málag

Testing the Psychometric Properties and Measurement Invariance of the Perceived Motivational Climate in Sport Questionnaire (PMCSQ-2): Online Assessment

Athletes’ perception of competence and success can be influenced by the motivational climate created by the coach. The Perceived Motivational Climate in Sport Questionnaire (PMCSQ-2) assesses this. Although its reliability and validity have been analyzed in previous studies, this has never been done for the online version. This type of evaluation can be beneficial for data collection, sustainability, speed, and generating larger samples. Therefore, the aim of this study is to analyze the psychometric properties of the PMCSQ-2 in its online version. The sample consisted of 1637 participants (37.8% men and 62.2% women) from 18 to 68 years of age (M = 24.39, SD = 6.51) who practiced physical-sport activities regularly. A second-order confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) model and its invariance for gender were studied from a 24-item version obtained from the MenPas 1.0 platform. The analyses provided an adequate fit for the CFA (CFI = 0.91, TLI = 0.90, RMSEA = 0.07, SRMR = 0.07, df = 224, B-S p = 0.02–0.07) when an alternative model was realized (χ2 = 1858.89, χ2/df = 8.30), as they also did for the women (χ2 = 1356.90, χ2/df = 6.06), men (χ2 = 883.58, χ2/df = 3.95) individual sports (χ2 = 1153.55, χ2/df = 5.15), and team sports (χ2 = 1008.92, χ2/df = 4.05) items. The data were also suitable for invariance analysis. Similarly, appropriate values were obtained for convergent and discriminant validity and for composite reliability. Therefore, the results obtained show appropriate psychometric properties for the online version of the PMCSQ-2 using an alternative model, suggesting that its use is suitable for research and showing the importance of the subscales.Partial funding for open access charge: Universidad de Málag

Can we influence the neurological development and hair cortisol concentration of offspring by reducing the stress of the mother during pregnancy? A randomized controlled trial

Producción CientíficaThe objective was to evaluate the effects of a stress management cognitive behavioural therapy followed during pregnancy on subsequent childhood on hair cortisol at birth and on neurodevelopment and Hair Cortisol Concentrations (HCC) at 6 months of age. The study sample included 48 pregnant women, divided into two groups: 24 women in the Therapy Group (TG) and 24 women who received standard pregnancy care (control group (CG); CG). To test the therapy efficacy, an evaluation of the HCC and psychological stress, psychopathological symptomatology and resilience was conducted before and after the treatment. The level of cortisol in their hair was obtained during pregnancy and that of their babies at birth. Six months after birth, a cortisol sample was taken from the hair and the babies' neurodevelopment was evaluated based on a Bayley-III test. The TG presented reductions in psychological stress and psychopathological symptomatology after treatment. On the other hand, the CG increased their cortisol concentrations between the pre and post intervention, remaining stable in the TG. Moreover, results showed that TG babies had lower cortisol concentrations at birth and obtained significantly higher cognitive and motor development scores at 6 months. These findings support that providing psychological care to pregnant women may not only have a benefit on these women's mental state, but may also benefit the neurodevelopment of their offspring.Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, (programa FPU, referencia 18/00617

Clinical and Laboratory Development of Echinocandin Resistance in Candida glabrata: Molecular Characterization

The pathogenic yeast Candida glabrata has become a public health issue due to the increasing number of echinocandin resistant clinical strains reported. In this study, acquisition and development of resistance to this antifungal class were studied in serial C. glabrata isolates from five patients admitted in two Spanish hospitals with a resistant profile against echinocandins associated with different mutations in hot-spot 1 of FKS2 gene. For two of these patients susceptible FKS wild-type isolates obtained prior to resistant ones were also investigated. Isolates were genotyped using multilocus sequence typing and microsatellite length polymorphism techniques, which yielded comparable results. Susceptible and resistant isolates from the same patient had the same genotype, being sequence type (ST) 3 the most prevalent among them. Isolates with different FKS mutations but the same ST were present in the same patient. MSH2 gene alterations were also studied to investigate their correlation with antifungal resistance acquisition but no association was found with antifungal resistance nor with specific genotypes. In vitro exposure to increasing concentrations of micafungin to susceptible isolates developed colonies carrying FKS mutations in agar plates containing a minimum concentration of 0.06 mg/L of micafungin after less than 48 h of exposure. We investigated the correlation between development of resistance and genotype in a set of susceptible strains after being in vitro exposed to micafungin and anidulafungin but no correlation was found. Mutant prevention concentration values and spontaneous growth frequencies after selection with both echinocandins were statistically similar, although FKS mutant colonies were more abundant after micafungin exposure (p < 0.001). Mutation S663P and F659 deletion were the most common ones found after selection with both echinocandins.This work was supported by the Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria (Grant FI14CIII/00025 to OR-M and research projects PI13/02145 and PI16CIII/00035 to AA-I), and also supported by the Plan Nacional de I+D+i 2013–2016 and Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Subdirección General de Redes y Centros de Investigación Cooperativa, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, Spanish Network for Research in Infectious Diseases (REIPI RD16CIII/0004/0003) – co-financed by the European Development Regional Fund “A way to achieve Europe,” Operative Program Intelligent Growth 2014–2020.S

Emotional Processing Profile in Patients with First Episode Schizophrenia:The Influence of Neurocognition

This study sought to investigate the influence of neurocognition on the emotional processing profiles of patients with first-episode schizophrenia, using the 4-branch Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test (MSCEIT) (Perceiving Emotions; Facilitating Emotions; Understanding Emotions and Managing Emotions). A sample of 78 patients with first-episode schizophrenia and a group of 90 non-psychiatric control subjects were included in this work. The initial results showed that patients had lower scores than controls for the "Understanding Emotions" and "Managing Emotions" MSCEIT branches. However, after controlling for neurocognition, the only deficits were found on the "Managing Emotions" branch of the MSCEIT. This branch can be considered as measuring a more sophisticated level of emotional processing, which may constitute a deficit in itself. In conclusion, patients with first-episode schizophrenia present deficits in social cognition at the highest level that seem to be independent from neurocognition. These findings support the inclusion of the "Managing Emotions" branch of the MSCEIT as part of the MCCB.Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PI16/00359)Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PI19/00766)Comunidad de Madrid (S2017/BMD-3740)Ministry of Health (MOH-000013)4.242 JCR (2020) Q1, 39/167 Medicine, general & internal1.040 SJR (2021) Q1, 438/2489 Medicine (miscellaneous)No data IDR 2020UE

Ratings of Sexual Arousal and Ratings of Genital Sensations: Psychometric properties in Spanish sample

Objective Subjective sexual arousal is the psychological perception of arousal. The Multiple Indicators of Subjective Sexual Arousal (MISSA) is one of the limited self-reported measures to evaluate it in a specific situation. The aim is to adapt and examine the psychometric properties of two scales from the MISSA: Ratings of Sexual Arousal (RSA) and Ratings of Genital Sensations (RGS) in a Spanish sample. Material and method The measures were administered to two independent samples composed by heterosexual young individuals aged from 18 to 30 years old. In the first sample (n = 122) the factorial structure of the RSA was examined, which was later confirmed in a second sample (n = 336) where invariance analysis by sex and validity evidences were also analyzed. Both, the RSA and the RGS, together with other scales measuring similar constructs, were answered by participants from both studies (N = 458) in a laboratory setting in which individuals were exposed to films with neutral content and explicit sexual content. Results The Spanish version of the RSA shows a unidimensional structure with adequate reliability (α = .90). This structure showed to be invariant by sex, thus no significant differences were found between men and women. Scores from both, the RSA and the RGS correlated with higher predisposition to get excited and erotophilia. Conclusions The RSA and RGS are reliable and valid measures to evaluate subjective sexual arousal towards sexual stimuli. Therefore, their use is suitable for both clinical and research areas.Objetivo La excitación sexual subjetiva es la percepción de excitación a nivel psicológico, siendo el Multiple Indicators of Subjective Sexual Arousal (MISSA) uno de los escasos instrumentos para evaluarla de manera situacional. El objetivo es adaptar a población española y examinar las propiedades psicométricas de dos de las escalas del MISSA: Valoración de Excitación Sexual (VES) y Valoración de Sensaciones Genitales (VSG). Material y método Se emplearon dos muestras independientes formadas por jóvenes heterosexuales de 18-30 años de edad. En la primera muestra (n = 122) se examinó la estructura factorial de la escala VES, la cual se puso a prueba en una segunda muestra (n = 336) en la que se examinó la invarianza por sexo. Además, en esta segunda muestra se buscaron evidencias de validez de ambas escalas. Los participantes de ambos estudios (N = 458) contestaron las escalas VES y VSG en una situación experimental de laboratorio en la que eran expuestos a films de contenido neutro y contenido sexual explícito. Resultados La versión española de la escala VES presenta una estructura unidimensional con una adecuada fiabilidad de consistencia interna (α = 0,90). Dicha estructura es invariante en cuanto al sexo, no encontrándose diferencias entre hombres y mujeres. Tanto las puntuaciones de la escala VES como de la VSG correlacionaron con la predisposición a excitarse y con la erotofilia. Conclusiones Las escalas VES y VSG son fiables y válidas para evaluar la excitación sexual subjetiva ante estímulos sexuales, constituyendo instrumentos adecuados para su uso, tanto en el ámbito clínico como en el de la investigación