Planteamiento de una metodología de mejora continua en la Tutorización y elaboración de Trabajos Fin de Grado

Fac. de Comercio y TurismoFALSEsubmitte

El Trabajo Fin de Grado y su tutorización: un enfoque integrador entre áreas y participantes implicados

Fac. de Comercio y TurismoFALSEsubmitte

3D printed monoliths: From powder to an efficient catalyst for antibiotic degradation

To improve the effectiveness and durability of wastewater treatment technologies, researchers are showing a growing interest in 3D printing technology. This technology has attracted significant interest owing to its ability to fabricate challenging complex geometries using different material compositions. This manuscript is focused on the development of 3D monoliths from noncommercial filaments, i.e., a powder blend of iron oxide and polylactic acid (PLA) at 15 wt% of the former. Different monolith designs have been prepared to improve the fluid dynamics of the process, so a simple cylinder (15-Fe3O4@PLA) and a cylinder with double the length and an internal mesh (15-Fe3O4@PLA-DM) were used. These monoliths were characterized by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Mossbauer ¨ spectroscopy, then used for water-based ofloxacin degradation in a continuous down-up flow configuration. Additionally, computational fluid dynamics simulations were performed to estimate the degradation rate constants and analyze the distribution of fluid velocity and pollutant concentration along the 15-Fe3O4@PLA-reactor. The oxidant dose was also optimized to develop the highest degradation rate. The degradation of the target pollutant for those monoliths was 55 and 82 % under optimized conditions. In addition, the 15-Fe3O4@PLA-DM monolith was operated for long term experiments, keeping the degradation performance at a good 67 % for up to 120 h. Finally a fixed-bed reactor was mounted with printed pellets of the mixture (15:85), Fe3O4:PLA, after being ground in a range of 125–200 μm. Under this setup configuration, we observed the total degradation of ofloxacin. 3D printing technology is cheap, reproducible and time saving in the development of supported catalysts in comparison with conventional deposition techniques. Moreover, the leaching of active sites on streams was largely diminished. In fact under continuous operation the leached Fe concentration is below 0.1 ppm, corroborating the good adhesion of the catalyst in the PLA supportThis research has been supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation thorough the project PID2021-123431OB-I0

Impact of moderate coronary atherosclerosis on long-term left ventricular remodeling after aortic valve replacement

Background: The role of coronary atherosclerosis (CA+) in ventricular remodeling after aortic valve replacement (AVR) for isolated aortic stenosis (AS) is not well defined. We sought to evaluate the impact of not revascularized moderate coronary atherosclerosis in long-term left ventricular (LV) remodeling after AVR. Methods: We assessed by coronariography the coronary artery disease in 66 patients referred for AVR and evaluated morphological and functional LV data by echocardiography both preoperatively and postoperatively (3 ± 1.2 years). Results: In patients without coronary atherosclerosis, hypertrophy regression was more intense and the absolute reverse remodeling was higher in LV mass index (–55.8 ± 36 g/m2 vs –28.4 ± 34 g/m2, p = 0.004), reduction of LV dimensions (LV end-diastolic diameter [LVEDD]: –4.1 ± 7.4 mm vs –2.2 ± 8.3 mm, p = 0.04), and regression of wall thickness (interventricular septum [IVS]: –3.3 ± 2.6 mm vs –1.6 ± 2.2 mm, p = 0.01; and posterior wall thickness [PWT]: –2.1 ± 2.1 mm vs 0.6 ± 2.1 mm, p = 0.012). Conclusions: After AVR for AS, not revascularized moderate coronary atherosclerosis determines a long-term lesser degree of LV hypertrophy regression and a worse absolute reverse remodeling of LV mass index, LVEDD, IVS and PWT. (Cardiol J 2011; 18, 3: 277–281

RNA-Seq reveals the existence of a CDKN1C-E2F1-TP53 axis that is altered in human T-cell lymphoblastic lymphomas

BACKGROUND: Precursor T-cell lymphoblastic lymphomas (T-LBL) are rare aggressive hematological malignancies that mainly develop in children. As in other cancers, the loss of cell cycle control plays a prominent role in the pathogenesis in these malignancies that is primarily attributed to loss of CDKN2A (encoding protein p16INK4A). However, the impact of the deregulation of other genes such as CDKN1C, E2F1, and TP53 remains to be clarified. Interestingly, experiments in mouse models have proven that conditional T-cell specific deletion of Cdkn1c gene may induce a differentiation block at the DN3 to DN4 transition, and that the loss of this gene in the absence of Tp53 led to aggressive thymic lymphomas. RESULTS: In this manuscript, we demonstrated that the simultaneous deregulation of CDKN1C, E2F1, and TP53 genes by epigenetic mechanisms and/or the deregulation of specific microRNAs, together with additional impairing of TP53 function by the expression of dominant-negative isoforms are common features in primary human T-LBLs. CONCLUSIONS: Previous experimental work in mice revealed that T-cell specific deletion of Cdkn1c accelerates lymphomagenesis in the absence of Tp53. If, as expected, the consequences of the deregulation of the CDKN1C-E2F1-TP53 axis were the same as those experimentally demonstrated in mouse models, the disruption of this axis might be useful to predict tumor aggressiveness, and to provide the basis towards the development of potential therapeutic strategiesin human T-LBL.The authors would like to thank the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (SAF2015–70561-R; MINECO/FEDER, EU) and the Autonomous Community of Madrid, Spain (B2017/BMD-3778; LINFOMAS-CM) for funding this work. Institutional grants from the Fundación Ramón Areces and Banco de Santander are also acknowledged.S

Sustained benefit of left ventricular remodelling after valve replacement for aortic stenosis

Background: Valve replacement for aortic stenosis (AS) determines negative ventricular remodelling. We used cross sectional and Doppler echocardiography to check how rapidly it occurs and to assess if these changes are sustained over time. Methods: We evaluated in 34 patients subjected to aortic valve replacement for AS morphological and functional (ejection fraction and E:A ratio) left ventricular data by echocardiography prior to surgery and 2 postoperative studies: early after surgery (pQ1) and at mid-term evolution (pQ2). Results: Left ventricular mass index was reduced at pQ1 (from 152 &#177; 47 g/m2 to 113 &#177; 31 g/m2; p < 0.01) as well as end-diastolic (from 51.3 mm to 48.3 mm; p < 0.03), end-systolic (from 32.2 mm to 29.4 mm; p < 0.02), interventricular septum (from 12.9 mm to 10.3 mm; p < 0.01), and posterior wall (from 12.5 mm to 11 mm; p < 0.01) dimensions. Left ventricular ejection fraction (from 61.2% to 65.2%; p < 0.04) and E:A ratio (from 0.94 to 0.98; p < 0.01) increased significantly at pQ1. There were no significant differences in measurements between pQ1 and pQ2. Conclusions: Aortic valve replacement surgery leads to a rapid negative left ventricular remodelling during the first 7 months, including a decrease in myocardial hypertrophy and an improvement in systolic and diastolic function. These beneficial hemodynamic changes are sustained for at least 3 years

El Pino Canario: Un superviviente entre volcanes

El pino canario constituye una singularidad dentro del conjunto de pinos, ya que presenta una amplia gama de estrategias que permiten su persistencia y que han sido adquiridas a lo largo de su evolución en un ambiente volcánico. Todos los pinos son especies que presentan adaptaciones frente al fuego y de centran en dos estrategias: 1) una eficiente dispersión posincendio basada en una gran capacidad dispersiva y en la presencia de piñas serótinas; y 2) la resistencia individual, con cortezas gruesas que les permiten alcanzar gran longevidad

CARING FOR CAREGIVERS Family caregivers of patients with chronic illness

Caring for caregivers, family caregivers of patients with chronic illness; this research is aimed to those nursing students and professionals, who are interested in getting to know standards of care, as well as those who are responsible of patients with chronic illness. This experience implies challenges, difficulties, and special requirements, which generate special care programs - through other people´s experiences, analysis of literature, and research-. This book is based on the Caring for caregivers Program, designed by a group of Professors at Universidad Nacional de Colombia, School of Nursing, aimed to strengthen those caregivers abilities to care. Thus, the key features that contributed to the creation and development of the program are set out throughout this book. Participant´s names have been changed to help preserve anonymity

Consumption of fried foods and risk of coronary heart disease: Spanish cohort of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study

Objective To assess the association between consumption of fried foods and risk of coronary heart disease

Surgical checklist: seeking the involvement of professionals and patients

Objetivos: Los objetivos fueron mejorar la adherencia al listado de verificación quirúrgica (LVQ), identificar barreras y reclamar el apoyo de profesionales y pacientes. Material y Métodos: Se registró la participación en el proyecto PaSQ-WP5/ LVQ entre 2013 y 2015: Plan de Acción con dos líneas de trabajo, dirigidas a profesionales y pacientes, que contemplaban rondas de evaluación, análisis de barreras, evaluación de percepción del listado mediante cuestionarios de la Hauté Autorité de Santé, formación en seguridad y diseño del folleto Cirugía Segura Salva Vidas. Resultados: Los datos de presencia del LVQ en la historia clínica reflejaron una mejora estadísticamente significativa respecto a los iniciales. En 68,2% de las rondas se cumplimentó el listado correctamente. La opinión del profesional sobre la utilidad del listado fue positiva en 79,8% y consideró que había ayudado a identificar e interceptar incidentes de seguridad en 25,6%. Sin embargo, resultó difícil de aplicar durante urgencias quirúrgicas (51,8%), al enfermero le costó gestionar el listado (59,5%) y el intercambio de información en voz alta se interrumpió con frecuencia (51,2%). Del análisis de barreras destacaron el sobre-registro, falta de liderazgo del gestor del listado, escasa implicación de facultativos y ausencia de trabajo en equipo. Conclusiones: La implantación del LVQ fue laboriosa pero la implicación de profesionales y pacientes ayudó a avanzar en la cultura de seguridad. La actitud general de los sanitarios es positiva y por tanto no se trata de imponer el uso obligatorio del LVQ, sino de convencer de que su cumplimiento reduce los eventos adversos evitables.Objectives: To improve the adhesion to the surgical safety checklist (SSC), identify barriers and claim the support of professionals and patients. Methods: The experience includes our participation in the Pasq-WP5 / SSC project, directed to surgical professionals and patients. An Action Plan was developed from 2013 to 2015 with two lines of work, one for professionals and other for patients; whose activities are: evaluation rounds, barrier analysis, evaluation SSC perception (using Hauté Autorité de Santé questionnaires), safety training and brochure design Safe Surgery Saves Lives. Results: Data of SSC in the medical record reflect a statistically significant improvement. In 68.2% of the rounds, SSC was filled in correctly. Professional opinion on the usefulness of SSC is positive in 79.8%; consider that it is difficult to apply in emergency in 51.8%, it is difficult for a nurse to manage the SSC in 59.5%, the exchange of information aloud is difficult to obtain in 51.2% and the SSC has helped identify and intercept security incidents 25.6%. Analysis of barriers includes the over-registration, lack of leadership SSC manager, limited involvement of doctors and lack of teamwork. Conclusions: The involvement of professionals and patients will help further progress in safety culture. The goal is not to impose the SSC, but convinced that compliance reduce preventable adverse events