Screening of antimicrobial compound from the sea slug Armina babai

Different solvents such as acetone, butanol, ethanol, hexane and methanol of Sea slug Armina babai was evaluated for its biomedical properties. Most potent extracts were purified using silica gel column and the active fractions were characterized by TLC, SDS-PAGE and FTIR. Maximum zone of inhibition was recorded against Pseudomonas sp., and minimum zone of inhibition was recorded against Proteus mirabilis by butanol extracts. TLC profiling with Rf value 0.82 indicating the presence of amino acids and peptides. Total protein was estimated as 21.36% with molecular weight range between 13 and 72 kDa in SDS-PAGE. The FT-IR spectrum of fractions, obtained from sea slug, reveals characteristic functional groups range between 465.75 and 3423.82 cm-1. Thus the obtained results indicate the presence of potent antimicrobial compounds in sea slug A. babai may pave the way to explore the potential development of new compounds to be launched in the pharmaceutical filling

Physicochemical properties and Structural Characterization of Chitosan Synthesized from Rare Spined Murex, Murex trapa (Roding, 1798) Shell Waste

Chitosan is derived from Murex trapa as the starting source by the process deacetylation of chitin, which is carried out for 6 hours using 40% NaOH at 90ºC. The yield (17%) and physiochemical properties like ash (0.954%), moisture content (4.2%), and solubility, degree of deacetylation (73), fat binding capacity (252%), and water binding capacity (280%) were indicated the M. trapa is a substantial alternate source of chitosan. Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis shows characteristic peaks of OH at 3450cm-1 and amine at 1660cm-1, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicated two vital characteristic peaks 10° and 20° at (2θ). Scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to determine surface morphology of isolated chitosan. Also, Thermogravimetric analysis (TG/DTA) was employed to characterize the thermal stability of M. trapa chitosan. Procoagulant ability, plasma recalcification time assays and minimum bactericidal activity confirmed the hemocompatibility and antibacterial activity of the prepared chitosan. The isolated chitosan can be considered as a potent anticoagulant and antibacterial drug in future.</jats:p

A checklist of the Cymothoidae (Crustacea, Isopoda) recorded from Indian fishes

AbstractA checklist of the parasitic Cymothoidae of Indian fishes was compiled from parasitological records published between 1783 and 2011. The checklist is arranged alphabetically, providing valid names, synonyms and authorities of the parasite species, as well as valid names and synonyms of the host fish, its capture sites, author(s) and date of published records. The host list consists of all parasites species listed under the host species. A total of 47 nominal species corresponding to 36 valid species are listed from 74 host species belonging to 34 families. Several parasites not identified to species level and parasite species without the host data or where the parasite was found not associated with a fish are also included in this checklist.</jats:p