Influence of paramagnetic admixtures on nuclear magnetic relaxation of tissue water protons

Nuclear spin echo has been used to investigate the possible influence of paramagnetic impurities on spin-lattice relaxation of tissue water protons in aloe leaves. A simple way of solving the problem of the influence of paramagnetic inclusions on the nuclear magnetic relaxation times of water protons in plant tissues is described. It is concluded that in plant tissue one may ignore the influence of oxygen and any paramagnetic impurities on the spin-lattice relaxation of water protons. © 1992

Concerning measurements of the self-diffusion coefficient of water molecules and time of proton spin-lattice relaxation in plant tissues

Measurements of the coefficient of water molecules self-diffusion (D) and the time of spin-lattice relaxation (T 1) in prosenchyme (elongated) plant cells, whose length significantly exceeding their transverse size, show that the orientation of plant tissues in the H o field significantly affects the measured parameters. We conclude that this effect should be taken into account in experiments on the measurement of self-diffusion coefficients and time of proton spin-lattice relaxation in plant tissues containing prosenchyme cells

Spin-lattice relaxation of water protons in plant and animal cells

NMR-spin echo method has been used to study spin-lattice relaxation time of protons T1 in plant and animal cells - muscle tissue of fish, the cells of which unlike plant cells have no developed system of vacuoles, plastids and a solid cell wall. According to the values of T1 time a new NMR parameter K, a coefficient of relaxation effectiveness of a cell structure, has been calculated. This parameter can be used for quantitative characterization of the influence of different cell structures, the tissue water interact with, for a time of spin-lattice relaxation of water protons. It has been ascertained that the values of K coefficient in animal tissue and in storing tissues of some plants differ little; it may be stipulated by permanent transmembrane water exchange which occurs at high rate in the living cell. It has been concluded that there exists a certain similarity between water state in protoplast of plant and animal cells. © 2012 Pleiades Publishing, Ltd

Investigation of the effect of paramagnetic impurities on the spin-lattice relaxation of protons of intracellular water

The authors have studied the effect of the paramagnetic ions - Mn2+ and Fe3+ - on the spin-lattice relaxation of the protons of water in plant cells. It has been established that the paramagnetic impurities contained in plant cells in the usual conditions (in natural quantities) have no appreciable influence on the rate of the spin-lattice relaxation of the protons of water. On the basis of investigation of the proton spin-lattice relaxation with a raised content of the paramagnetic ions (Mn2+) in plant cells the possibility of separating the relaxation times T1l and T1s to which correspond different fractions of water in the cells is demonstrated. © 1979

Europe-Asia transport corridor development as Russian competitive advantage (example of Sverdlovsk region)

The implementation of Russian national project "Fast and High-speed Transportation" is analyzed in the article. Sverdlovsk railway is taken as an example. The use of an innovative rolling-stock "Lastochka" is considered in suburban passenger transportation of the Sverdlovsk Suburban Company (SPK). © 2019 IOP Publishing Ltd

Development of the Northern Sea Route on the Route Murmansk-Vladivostok-Shanghai (China)

The paper considers the development of the Northern Sea Route (NSR) in modern Russia and China. The analysis of cargo turnover and the advantages of the NSR is carried out. The importance of the nuclear icebreaker fleet in the development of the NSR is determined and specified. The route is currently considered as transcontinental and it is planned to become part of the “Silk Road”. It belongs to the number of Russian national projects. As an international transit highway, the Northern Sea Route has a huge potential for international cooperation and development of the North and East of Russia. The cluster-modular approach in the organization of NSR is considered. © 2022 The Authors. Published by ELSEVIER B.V

3D-бетонирование – составы, методики и свойства смесей

The paper reflects the problems of 3D-concreting technology, which is developing quite intensively in modern conditions of construction production. The most important condition for its practical implementation is the development of concrete mixture compositions that provide the necessary rheological (technological) properties for  formation of products, elements of building structures or the structure as a whole, as well as providing the required pace of work and physical and mechanical characteristics and properties of the hardened concrete. At the initial stage of research carried out in the Research and Testing Laboratory of Concrete and Building Materials of the Belarusian National Technical University a number of concrete mixtures compositions were developed that are designed and provide the necessary conditions for the implementation of 3D-concreting of  self-supporting and  load-bearing structural elements respectively, in the manufacture of  products of  small architectural forms and  the erection (arrangement) of building structures for various purposes. A methodology has been developed and implemented for the selection of a rational granulometric composition of  aggregate,  type, properties and amount of  binder, chemical and mineral additives, together providing the required technological properties of concrete mixtures after they have been mixed with water. Original methods for assessing the rheological properties of water-soluble concrete mixtures and their changes over time,  leading to an increase in the plastic strength of molded concrete, as well as a method for calculating the rate of concrete work depending on the properties of the concrete mixtures used, are proposed and experimentally substantiated. As a result, prerequisites have been created for further expansion of a number of  compositions of dry concrete mixes  taking into account their purpose for 3D-concreting, and for  developing  methods and evaluating  the physical and mechanical characteristics and properties of hardened concrete, taking into consideration the purpose of manufactured products and erected (arranged) building structures.В статье отражена проблематика технологии 3D-бетонирования, достаточно интенсивно развивающейся в современных условиях строительного производства. Важнейшим условием ее практической реализации является разработка составов бетонных смесей, обеспечивающих необходимые реологические (технологические) свойства для формования изделий, элементов строительных конструкций или конструкции в целом, а также позволяющих сохранять требуемый темп ведения работ, физико-механические характеристики и свойства затвердевшего бетона. На начальном этапе исследований, выполненных в НИИЛ бетонов и строительных материалов Белорусского национального технического университета, разработан ряд составов бетонных смесей, предназначенных и обеспечивающих необходимые условия для реализации технологии 3D-бетонирования самонесущих и несущих конструктивных элементов соответственно при изготовлении изделий малых архитектурных форм и возведении (устройстве) строительных конструкций различного назначения. Разработана и реализована методология подбора рационального гранулометрического состава заполнителя, вида, свойств и количества связующего, химических и минеральных добавок, в совокупности обеспечивающих требуемые технологические свойства бетонных смесей после их затворения водой. Предложены и экспериментально обоснованы оригинальные методики оценки реологических свойств водозатворенных бетонных смесей и их изменений во времени, приводящих к росту пластической прочности отформованного бетона, а также методика расчета темпа ведения бетонных работ в зависимости от свойств используемых бетонных смесей. В результате созданы предпосылки как для дальнейшего расширения ряда составов сухих бетонных смесей с учетом их предназначения для 3D-бетонирования, так и для разработки методик и оценки физико-механических характеристик и свойств затвердевшего бетона с учетом предназначения изготавливаемых изделий и возводимых (устраиваемых) строительных конструкций

ВЛИЯНИЕ ЭКРАНОВ НА РАСПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ ИМПУЛЬСНЫХ МАГНИТНЫХ ПОЛЕЙ ПРИ ТРАНСКРАНИАЛЬНОЙ МАГНИТНОЙ СТИМУЛЯЦИИ

The article is devoted to an experimental test on the distribution of the pulse magnetic field’s range and how various screens influence it.Проведено экспериментальное исследование распределения амплитуды импульсного магнитного поля и влияние на него различных экранов

Анализ функционального состояния мышц челюстно-лицевой области у стоматологических пациентов с признаками бруксизма в сочетании с синдромом обструктивного апноэ во сне

Using the electromyography data, the functional state of the maxillofacial region muscles of dental patients with bruxism signs and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome was defined. After dental treatment, 122 patients aged 25–47 with bruxism signs and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and without it were examined. The disease duration was about 5 years. All patients were divided into two groups. The first group consisted of 41 patients, whose bruxism signs were not combined with the obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. The second group included 81 patients with the bruxism signs and the obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. When performing surface electromyography of the maxillofacial region muscles (temporal, chewing, medial digastric) of the both-group patients at rest without load the differences in the bioelectric activity indicators were not observed. The indicator difference between the comparison groups appeared when conducting functional load tests that were expressed through the amplitude difference during tooth compression under the functional activity of the temporal and digastric muscles. Such data illustrate that the patients of the first group have bigger functional compensation than the patients of the second group. There also occurs cross compensation of temporal and digastric muscles. It is expressed symmetrically.На основании данных электромиографии у стоматологических пациентов с признаками бруксизма, страдающих синдромом обструктивного апноэ во сне, определяли функциональное состояние мышц челюстно-лицевой области. В исследовании приняли участие 122 пациента после стоматологического лечения в возрасте 25–47 лет с признаками бруксизма в сочетании с синдромом обструктивного апноэ во сне и без него. Давность заболевания составляла до 5 лет. Все пациенты были разделены на две группы. Первая группа составила 41 человек и включала пациентов, у которых признаки бруксизма не сочетались с синдромом обструктивного апноэ во сне. Вторая группа включала 81 человека, у которых наблюдали признаки бруксизма и синдром обструктивного апноэ во сне. При проведении поверхностной электромиографии мышц челюстно-лицевой области (височных, жевательных, медиальных двубрюшных) у пациентов обеих групп в покое без нагрузки отличий показателей биоэлектрической активности не наблюдалось. Разница показателей между группами сравнения появлялась при проведении проб с функциональной нагрузкой, которые выражались разностью амплитуд во время сжатия зубов у височной и двубрюшной мышц. Такие данные свидетельствуют о том, что пациенты первой группы имеют функциональную компенсацию больше, чем пациенты второй группы, а также происходит перекрестная компенсация функциональной активности височной и двубрюшной мышц, которая выражена симметрично