Recovery of lithium and boron from geothermal water by bipolar membrane electrodialysis (BMED) and ultrapure water production using electrodeionization (EDI)

This thesis is subdivided in two main parts: Simultaneous boron and lithium separations and recoveries using bipolar membrane electrodilaysis process (BMED) process and production of ultrapure water from RO permeate using electrodeionization (EDI) process. In the first part, parametric studies based investigation of the influence of applied electrical potential on simultaneous boron and lithium separations and recoveries and initial sample concentration by using ASTOM ACYLYSER EX3 BMED. In addition, the influence of applied electrical potential, sample solution volume and pH, acid and base compartments solutions composition was monitored using PCCell 64004 BMED system. Later on, both ASTOM and PCCell BMED systems were compared with Mega BMED system applied in their optimal operational conditions. All the systems tested were effective in simultaneous boron and lithium separations and recoveries. But each system showed differences in terms of optimal operational conditions to obtain maximum performance. In the second part, the applicability of electrodeionization method to produce ultrapure water from RO permeate of geothermal water. In studies, the effects of feed flow rate, electrical potential applied, cell number, type of ion exchange membranes and ion exchange resins employed on electrical conductivity, contents of boron, silicon and arsenic were investigated. In addition, recycle use of EDI system was studied.Bu tez çalışması, iki ayrı ana bölümden oluşmaktadır: Bipolar membran elektrodiyaliz (BMED) yöntemiyle bor ve lityum ayrılması, geri kazanılması ve jeotermal suyun ters ozmos süzüntüsünden elektrodeiyonizasyon (EDI) yöntemi kullanılarak ultra saf su üretilmesidir. Birinci bölümde, ASTOM ACYLYSER EX3 BMED kullanılarak gerçekleştirilen parametrik çalışmalarda; uygulanan elektriksel potansiyelin ve başlangıç derişiminin sulu çözeltiden bor ve lityumun eşzamanlı ayırılması ve geri kazanımlarına olan etkisi incelenmiştir. Ayrıca, uygulanan elektriksel potansiyel, örnek çözelti hacmi, pH, asit ve baz bölmelerindeki çözelti bileşimlerinin etkileri PCCell 64004 BMED sistemi kullanılarak izlenmiştir. Hem Astom hem de PCCell sisteminde elde edilen optimum çalışma koşulları, Mega BMED sistemin de kullanılarak karşılaştırma yapılmıştır. Test edilen tüm sistemler bor ve lityumun aynı anda ayrılmasında ve geri kazanımında etkili olmuştur. Fakat her bir sistemin maksimum performansı farklı çalışma koşullarında elde edilmiştir. İkinci bölümde, jeotermal suyun ters ozmos süzüntüsünden ultra saf su üretiminde elektrodeiyonizasyon yönteminin uygulanabilirliği incelenmiştir. Çalışmalarda akış hızı, elektriksel potansiyel, hücre sayısı, membran tipi, iyon değiştirici reçine türü gibi proses değişkenlerinin ürün suyun elektriksel iletkenliği bor, silisyum ve arsenik içeriğine olan etkileri incelenmiştir. Ayrıca, EDI sistemin geri kullanımı da araştırılmıştır

Application of membrane technology for reuse of biotreated municipal wastewater and quality analysis of product water

Bazı ülkelerde su kıtlığı probleminin gelişmiş arıtma teknolojileri içeren dikkatli bir su kaynakları yönetimi programı tarafından çözülmesi gerektiği bilinmektedir. Atık suyun iyileştirilmesi ve yeniden kullanılması ile birlikte deniz suyu ve acı suyun desalinasyonu araştırma ve uygulama için öne sürülen ana stratejilerdir. Mevcut araştırma biyolojik yolla ve MBR (membran biyoreaktör) ile önarıtmaya tabi tutulmuş atıksuyun arıtılması için nanofiltrasyon ve ters ozmoz gibi çeşitli membran ayırma yöntemlerini uygulayarak biyolojik olarak arıtılmış kentsel atıksu ile MBR ile arıtılmış atıksuyun yeniden kullanımı için yapılan çalışmanın bir parçasıdır. Bu çalışmada biyolojik yolla arıtılmış atık su ve MBR ile arıtılmış atık suyun filtrasyonu için laboratuvar ölçekli çapraz akışlı düz tabaka membran test ünitesi kullanılmıştır. Bu yöntemle farklı türde nanofiltrasyon, acı su ters ozmoz ve deniz suyu ters ozmoz membranlarının performansları incelenmiştir. Membranların tümü 10 bar uygulama basıncında test edilmiştir. Ayrıca ters ozmoz membranının 10 bar basınçta süzüntü akısının düşük olmasından dolayı bu membran 20 bar basınçta da test edilmiştir. Tarımda yeniden kullanılabilirliğini değerlendirmek amacıyla ürün suyun kalitesi sulama suyu için tanımlanan su standartlarıyla karşılaştırılmıştır

Application of nanofiltration for reuse of municipal wastewater and quality analysis of product water

WOS: 000317709500005In this study, the municipal wastewater treated by biological methods was used for further treatment by nanofiltration method for wastewater reuse. For this purpose, different nanofiltration (NF) membranes, such as CK. NF-90, and NF-270 were employed. The quality analysis of product water was carried out using various analytical techniques. The results revealed that the NF-90 membrane can produce the best water quality compared to other two membranes. The CK membrane showed also a good rejection property after NF-90 membrane but its big inconvenience is that it gave a lower water flux. Despite the good water flux by NF-270, the permeate quality obtained with this membrane was not as good as obtained with the NF-90 and CK membranes. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Ege University Scientific Research ProjectEge University [EU-2011-FEN-089]This work was partly supported by Ege University Scientific Research Project (EU-2011-FEN-089). We acknowledge Izmir Metropolitan Municipality Directorate-IZSU-Cigli Wastewater Treatment Plant for bio-treated wastewater samples. We acknowledge Dr. Markus Busch and Mr Eduard Gasia Bruch, Dow Chem. for sending us some of the NF membrane samples. We thank M. Akcay for MS analyses and G. Serin for TOC analyses

Application of reverse osmosis for reuse of secondary treated urban wastewater in agricultural irrigation

WOS: 000353094300008Secondary treated urban wastewater was further polished by reverse osmosis (RO) membranes and the water quality of RO permeates was assessed for their utilizations in agricultural irrigation. The performances of brackish water reverse osmosis (AK-BWRO) and seawater reverse osmosis (AD-SWRO) membranes were investigated at 10 bar as applied pressure. The AD-SWRO membrane was tested also at 20 bar. Conductivity, salinity, chemical oxygen demand (COD), total organic carbon (TOC) and color were rejected by AK-BWRO membrane with average values of 94.6%, 95.2%, 85.8%, 76.4% and 91.3%, respectively, whereas the same contaminants were rejected with average values of 98.3%, 98.3%, 84.6%, 69.7% and 86.6%, respectively with AD-SWRO membrane. Except for TOC, AD-SWRO membrane showed similar rejections at 10 bar and at 20 bar of applied pressures. Although their rejection efficiencies were similar, AK-BWRO and AD-SWRO membranes revealed differences in their permeate flux which is 38.0 L/hm(2) for AK-BWRO membrane and 3.81 L/hm(2) for AD-SWRO membrane. An average value of permeate flux was 14.8 L/hm(2) at 20 bar for AD-SWRO membrane. Assessment of water quality of product water obtained by blending of the two effluents (secondary treated urban wastewater and RO permeate) based on salinity, electrical conductivity, specific ionic toxicity and miscellaneous hazards proved that blending of 20-30% of secondary treated effluent and 80-70% of RO permeate is a good strategy to minimize the unwanted components in treated water for its reuse in agricultural irrigation. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Ege University Scientific Research ProjectEge University [EU-2011-FEN-089]This work was partly supported by Ege University Scientific Research Project (EU-2011-FEN-089). We acknowledge Izmir Metropolitan Municipality, Directorate of IZSU for giving us a sample of bio-treated wastewater from cigli Grand Canal Biological Treatment Plant. We thank M. Akcay for AAS analyses and G.Serin for TOC measurements

Application of nanofiltration for reuse of wastewater

WOS: 000344364800016The present research is a part of efforts to reuse wastewater by applying nanofiltration (NF) method for the secondary treatment of bio-treated wastewater and to check the quality of product water as irrigation water by using various analytical methods. For this, the performances of three different NF membranes (CK, GE-Osmonics; NF-270 and NF-90, Dow-FilmTech) were investigated using a cross-flow flat-sheet membrane test unit (SEPA CF-II, GE). The bio-treated wastewater obtained from ITOB-OSB Wastewater Treatment Plant, Izmir where membrane bioreactor (MBR) technology is employed as a treatment process has a high salinity and a high conductivity which make the treated water unsuitable for irrigation purposes. After applying NF separation for the three membranes at 10 bar as operating pressure, it was concluded that NF-90 gave the best quality of product water for almost all analysed parameters such as salinity calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, bicarbonate, chloride, sulphate, phosphate-phosphorous, nitrate-nitrogen, and conductivity