Keusahawanan peladang di Lembaga Kemajuan Pertanian Muda (MADA): kajian dari sudut pendekatan sikap

An attitude approach to the prediction of entrepreneurship has been the subject of extensive research in the developed world. This study used the entrepreneurial attitude orientation approach in determining entrepreneurship among farmers in the Muda Agriculture Development Authority (MADA).The sample of the study consisted of 74 farmers receiving entrepreneurship guidance and 126 farmers who had not received guidance from MADA. The Entrepreneurial Attitude Orientation (EAO) scale was tested and the discriminant validity was validated to test the known groups. There was a significance difference between known groups for all four of the EAO subscales(personal control, self-esteem, innovation and achievement); all subscales except innovation was entered into a stepwise discriminant function. On the basis of the research findings presented here, the authors were able to put forward a number of recommendations to improve the entrepreneurial attitudes of the farmers

Keusahawanan Peladang Di Lembaga Kemajuan Pertanian Muda (Mada): Kajian Dari Sudut Pendekatan Sikap

Penentuan keusahawanan dari sudut pendekatan orientasi sikap telah dijalankan secara meluas di negara maju. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan orientasi sikap dalam menentukan keusahawanan di kalangan peladang di Lembaga Kemajuan Pertanian Muda (MADA). Sampel kajian adalah terdiri daripada 74 peladang yang mendapat bimbingan keusahawanan dan 126 peladang yang tidak mendapat bimbingan keusahawan daripada pihak MADA. Alat skala Orientasi Sikap Keusahawanan (EAO) telah digunakan terhadap kedua-dua kumpulan responden bagi menentukan kesahan diskriminan (discriminant validity). Hasil kajian mendapati terdapat perbezaan yang signifikan di antara kedua-dua kumpulan tersebut bagi empat sub-skala EAO (kawalan personal, penghargaan diri, inovasi, pencapaian); di mana semua sub-skala di masukkan dalam fungsi stepwise discriminant kecuali inovasi. Beberapa cadangan dikemukakan untuk pihak MADA meningkatkan lagi sikap keusahawanan di kalangan peladang.

Factory Tea Waste Biosorbent for Cu(II) and Zn(II) Removal from Wastewater

Recent studies have shown great interest toward heavy metal removal due to its hazardous and non-biodegradable properties. Many approaches have been used for this purpose and one of them is adsorption. In this study, several experiments were carried out to investigate the feasibility of factory tea waste as a biosorbent in a fixed-bed adsorption column for heavy metal removal (zinc and copper) in wastewater. The results highlighted that zinc has better performance compared to copper in terms of the effect of initial ion concentration, pH value, and the mixed ions with respect to the removal efficiency. Zinc showed higher removal efficiency and adsorption capacity at the initial metal ion concentration of 200 mg/L, which are 99.21% and 39.68 mg/mg compared to copper. Meanwhile, for the effect of pH values and mixed ion concentration, zinc also showed slightly higher removal efficiency which are 99.91% and 98.47%, respectively compared to copper. However, both zinc and copper showed a better fit to the Langmuir isotherm. The factory tea waste was characterized using Micromeritics ASAP 2020 instrument and results showed that the factory tea waste biosorbent consists of mesopores with the diameter and width of 4.85205 and 2.546985 nm, respectively