Jeunes et travail : « l’avantage » d’être francophone en Ontario

La recherche présentée vise à explorer les éléments de la représentation sociale du travail des finissantes et des finissants des écoles secondaires de langue française de l’Ontario qui peuvent avoir une incidence sur leur choix professionnel. Les éléments représentationnels ressortis de l’enquête par entrevue effectuée auprès de treize élèves franco-ontariens sont décrits selon trois aspects : descriptif, prescriptif et identitaire. L’aspect « descriptif » de la représentation sociale étudiée confirme une vision précaire et instable du marché de l’emploi. L’aspect « prescriptif » démontre que les participants à notre enquête reproduisent une dynamique de valorisation de l’affirmation personnelle par le travail. Finalement, l’aspect « identitaire » met en relief l’importance du bilinguisme comme élément qui renforce chez les jeunes francophones participants une image positive de leur groupe d’appartenance dans le contexte spécifique d’insertion socioprofessionnelle

L’anxiété face à la mort au Québec : résultats d’un sondage d’opinion

Les résultats d'un sondage sur les attitudes face à la mort dans un échantillon représentatif de la population québécoise sont présentés. L'échelle de Templer sur l'anxiété face à la mort a été utilisée. Ces résultats indiquent que la mort n'est pas une préoccupation déclenchant un haut degré d'anxiété dans la société québécoise. Cependant, la scolarité, le salaire, la religiosité, l'âge et le sexe influencent la distribution des réponses. De plus, cette anxiété est liée à la non-permissivité à l'égard de la sexualité ainsi qu'au sexisme.The results of a poll on the attitudes towards death of a representative sample of the Quebec population are presented. The Templer Scale on death anxiety was employed. These results indicate that death is not a preoccupation which triggers a high degree of tension in Quebec society. However, education level, salary, religions belief, age and sex influence the distribution of responses. Moreover, this anxiety is tied to the non-permissiveness in relation to sexuality as well as to sexism

Automatic control of convertible fixed-wing drones with vectorized thrust

This paper proposes a control design strategy, encompassing trajectory tracking and path following, for a category of convertible aircraft with fixed wings and vectorized thrust, as exemplified by the Harrier jet aircraft and the V-22 Osprey. The approach relies on, and extends, previous works on the control of hovering vehicles (helicopters, quadrotors,...), ax-isymmetric devices (rockets, missiles,...), and fixed-wing aircraft (airplanes). In particular it exploits a common nonlinear model of aerodynamic forces exerted on the vehicle, both simple and representative of the underlying physics. Besides the unifying property of this approach, the proposed solution addresses the delicate transition problem between hovering and cruising flight, and thus the concomitant thrust tilting issue, in a novel manner with the possibility of continuously minimizing the thrust intensity, and thus energy expenditure

Career and guidance counsellors working in french language secondary schools in Ontario : an inventory of current tasks and perceived competence

In a North-American context, the practice of career and guidance counselling is plagued with many issues depending on jurisdiction. Usually those issues are related to the fact that career and guidance counsellors are obliged to engage in practices that are not always related to their profession. Considering the fact that career and guidance counsellors in Ontario are mainly teachers with little formal education and no clinical training, the current study's objective was to identify, describe, and conceptualize the tasks accomplished by N = 73 career and guidance counsellors working in French-language secondary schools in Ontario. Results suggest that career and guidance counsellors in Ontario spend a great deal of time on tasks unrelated to career and guidance counselling. Furthermore, a correlation between the amount of time allocated to, and the perceived level of competence in, completing some of the daily tasks accomplished by participants was identified. Finally, results suggest that career and guidance counsellors in Ontario often perceive themselves as being incompetent when it comes to some of the essential tasks associated with career and guidance counselling.Dans un contexte nord-américain, la pratique du conseiller d'orientation est confrontée à de nombreux problèmes selon la juridiction. Habituellement, ces problèmes sont liés au fait que les conseillers d'orientation sont obligés de s'engager dans des pratiques qui ne sont pas toujours liées à leur profession. Considérant que les conseillers d'orientation en Ontario sont principalement des enseignants sans aucune formation clinique, l'objectif de la présente recherche était d'identifier, de décrire et de conceptualiser les tâches accomplies par N = 73 conseillers d'orientation scolaire travaillant dans les écoles secondaires de langue française de l'Ontario. Les résultats suggèrent que les répondants consacrent une part importante de leur temps de travail à l'accomplissement de tâches étrangères à celles qui sont généralement associées à l'orientation professionnelle en milieu scolaire. De plus, une corrélation entre le temps alloué et le niveau de compétence perçu pour accomplir certaines des tâches quotidiennes accomplies par les participants a été établie. Finalement, les résultats suggèrent que les conseillers d'orientation en Ontario se perçoivent généralement comme incompétents en ce qui concerne l'accomplissement certaines des tâches essentielles associées au counselling d'orientation

Automatic control of convertible fixed-wing drones with vectorized thrust

This paper proposes a control design strategy, encompassing trajectory tracking and path following, for a category of convertible aircraft with fixed wings and vectorized thrust, as exemplified by the Harrier jet aircraft and the V-22 Osprey. The approach relies on, and extends, previous works on the control of hovering vehicles (helicopters, quadrotors,...), ax-isymmetric devices (rockets, missiles,...), and fixed-wing aircraft (airplanes). In particular it exploits a common nonlinear model of aerodynamic forces exerted on the vehicle, both simple and representative of the underlying physics. Besides the unifying property of this approach, the proposed solution addresses the delicate transition problem between hovering and cruising flight, and thus the concomitant thrust tilting issue, in a novel manner with the possibility of continuously minimizing the thrust intensity, and thus energy expenditure

Localized holes and delocalized electrons in photoexcited inorganic perovskites: Watching each atomic actor by picosecond X-ray absorption spectroscopy

We report on an element-selective study of the fate of charge carriers in photoexcited inorganic CsPbBr3 and CsPb(ClBr)3 perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) in toluene solutions using time-resolved X-ray absorption spectroscopy with 80 ps time resolution. Probing the Br K-edge, the Pb L3-edge and the Cs L2-edge, we find that holes in the valence band are localized at Br atoms, forming small polarons, while electrons appear as delocalized in the conduction band. No signature of either electronic or structural changes are observed at the Cs L2-edge. The results at the Br and Pb edges suggest the existence of a weakly localized exciton, while the absence of signatures at the Cs edge indicates that the Cs+ cation plays no role in the charge transport, at least beyond 80 ps. These results can explain the rather modest charge carrier mobilities in these materials.Comment: 19 pages, 3 figure

Invariant NKT Cells Drive Hepatic Cytokinic Microenvironment Favoring Efficient Granuloma Formation and Early Control of Leishmania donovani Infection

The development of inflammatory granulomas around infected Kupffer cells is necessary for hepatic parasite clearance during visceral leishmaniasis. Invariant NKT (iNKT) cells are predominant T cells in the mouse liver and can synthesize large quantities of IL-4 and IFN-γ, two cytokines involved in granuloma formation. This study analyzed the role of iNKT cells in the hepatic immune response during Leishmania donovani infection, using a murine model of wild-type (WT) and iNKT cell-deficient (Jα18-/-) C57BL/6 mice sacrificed 15, 30 or 60 days post-infection. We recorded hepatic parasite loads, cytokine expression, and analyzed granulomatous response by immunohistochemistry and hepatic immune cell infiltration by flow cytometry. Whereas WT animals rapidly controlled the infection and developed an inflammatory response associated with a massive influx of iNKT cells observed by flow cytometry, Jα18-/- mice had significantly higher parasitic loads on all time points. This lack of control of parasite burden was associated with a delay in granuloma maturation (28.1% of large granulomas at day 60 versus 50.7% in WT). Cytokine transcriptome analysis showed that mRNA of 90/101 genes encoding chemokines, cytokines and their receptors, was underexpressed in Jα18-/- mice. Detection of IL-4 and TNF-α by ELISA in liver extracts was also significantly lower in Jα18-/- mice. Consistent with flow cytometry analysis, cytokinome profile in WT mice showed a bias of expression towards T cell-chemoattractant chemokines on D15, and displayed a switch towards expression of granulocytes and/or monocytes -chemoattractant chemokines on D60. In Jα18-/- mice, the significantly lower expression of CXCL5, MIP-2 and CCL2 mRNA was correlated with a defect in myeloperoxidase positive-cell attraction observed by immunohistochemistry and with a lower granulocyte and monocyte infiltration in the liver, as shown by flow cytometry. These data indicate that iNKT cells play a role in early and sustained pro-inflammatory cytokine response warranting efficient organization of hepatic granulomas and parasite clearance

Metabolomics of Type 2 diabetes mellitus in Sprague Dawley rats—in search of potential metabolic biomarkers

DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT : The original contributions presented in the study are included in the article/Supplementary Material; further inquiries can be directed to the corresponding author.Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is an expanding global health concern, closely associated with the epidemic of obesity. Individuals with diabetes are at high risk for microvascular and macrovascular complications, which include retinopathy, neuropathy, and cardiovascular comorbidities. Despite the availability of diagnostic tools for T2DM, approximately 30–60% of people with T2DM in developed countries are never diagnosed or detected. Therefore, there is a strong need for a simpler and more reliable technique for the early detection of T2DM. This study aimed to use a non-targeted metabolomic approach to systematically identify novel biomarkers from the serum samples of T2DM-induced Sprague Dawley (SD) rats using a comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled with a time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GCxGC-TOF/MS). Fifty-four male Sprague Dawley rats weighing between 160–180 g were randomly assigned into two experimental groups, namely the type 2 diabetes mellitus group (T2DM) (n = 36) and the non-diabetic control group (n = 18). Results from this study showed that the metabolite signature of the diabetic rats was different from that of the non-diabetic control group. The most significantly upregulated metabolic pathway was aminoacyl-t-RNA biosynthesis. Metabolite changes observed between the diabetic and non-diabetic control group was attributed to the increase in amino acids, such as glycine, L-asparagine, and L-serine. Aromatic amino acids, including L-tyrosine, were associated with the risk of future hyperglycemia and overt diabetes. The identified potential biomarkers depicted a good predictive value of more than 0.8. It was concluded from the results that amino acids that were associated with impaired insulin secretion were prospectively related to an increase in glucose levels. Moreover, amino acids that were associated with impaired insulin secretion were prospectively related to an increase in glucose levels.The Nation Research Foundation (NRF); South Africa National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI) and Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine.https://www.mdpi.com/journal/ijmsam2024Veterinary Tropical DiseasesSDG-03:Good heatlh and well-bein

Metabolomics (non-targeted) of induced type 2 diabetic Sprague Dawley rats comorbid with a tissue-dwelling nematode parasite

DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT : Data are available upon request.Please read abstract in article.The National Research Foundation: Professional Development Program (PDP) and by Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine (RUSVM).https://www.mdpi.com/journal/ijmsVeterinary Tropical DiseasesSDG-03:Good heatlh and well-bein