INEQUALITY IN WORLD GDP DISTRIBUTION

International Development,

Exports and Economic Growth

International Development, International Relations/Trade,

INVESTMENT AND ECONOMIC GROWTH

We used unit root and cointegration techniques to determine the long run relationship between GDP and investment for 90 countries using data from World Bank for the period 1960-1992. In the first step of our analysis we found GDP and investment integrated of different orders for 33 countries. Second step of our analysis shows no cointegration between GDP and investment for 25 countries and cointegration for 25 countries with both variables of order I(1). The other 7 countries with both variables of order I(0) are in long run relation and do not need cointegration test. To determine the direction of causal effect between GDP and investment we used Granger causality test as the third step of our analysis. We found causality in the short run for 15 countries and in the long run for 23 countries. Bi-directional causality is found for 10, unidirectional causality from GDP to investment for 18 and from investment to GDP for 10 countries. The causality from GDP to investment is positive for 11 countries and from investment to GDP for 6 countries. Bi-directional causality is mostly positive between the two variables.International Development,

Regeneration of the proboscis of cymatiid Cymatium pileare (Gastropoda: Proso branchia)

Cymatiids cause considerable damage to bivalve stock in molluscan culture. Bivalves are preyed upon by cymatiids with insertion of proboscis and interaction of radula and jaws. Rate of regeneration of proboscis in cymatiid was faster than predatory thiasid and muricid gastropods

Modelling and performance analysis of four and eight element TCAS

This semi-annual report describes the work performed during the period September 1989 through March 1990. The first section presents a description of the effect of the engines of the Boeing 737-200 on the performance of a bottom mounted eight-element traffic alert and collision avoidance system (TCAS). The second section deals exclusively with a four element TCAS antenna. The model obtained to simulate the four element TCAS and new algorithms developed for studying its performance are described. The effect of location on its performance when mounted on top of a Boeing 737-200 operating at 1060 MHz is discussed. It was found that the four element TCAS generally does not perform as well as the eight element TCAS III

Food utilization and surfacing activity of Channa striatus fry in relation to quality of food

Effects of food items (mosquito larva; pupa, ehironomous larva and chopped pieces of the fish Lepidocephalichthyes thermalis) on food utilization and surfacing activity of Channa Striatus fry were studied. Test individuals fed on live food organisms surfaced 94- 117% more frequent ly, consumed 23- 119% more ralions/day and, on an average, converted 33% more than those fed on pieces of Lepidocephalichthyes thermalis. Regardless of the quality of food, Channa striatus surfaced about 60 times/h before each meal and the frequency increased to 130 timesfh 3- 6 h after the meal was offered and returned to the prefeeding level 18- 21 h after the meal

Effect of temperature on the feeding rate of cymatiid Cymatium (Monoplex) pileare (Gastropoda:Prosobranchia)

Influence of temperature (24°, 28°, 31° or 34°C) was studied on the feeding rate of predatory cymatiid. Cymatium (Manop/ex) pileare fed with edible oyster.The rate of feeding increased from 2 to 5.3 oysters/gastropod/month as temperature increased from 24° to 31°C. Increase in temperature decreased the days of feeding interval from 6.3 days at 24°C to 3.7 days at 34°C. All test animals courted mortality at 34°C on 17th day suggesting it as the upper tolerable limit of temperature

Information and communication technology in disease surveillance, India: a case study

India has made appreciable progress and continues to demonstrate a strong commitment for establishing and operating a disease surveillance programme responsive to the requirements of the International Health Regulations (IHR[2005]). Within five years of its launch, India has effectively used modern information and communication technology for collection, storage, transmission and management of data related to disease surveillance and effective response. Terrestrial and/or satellite based linkages are being established within all states, districts, state-run medical colleges, infectious disease hospitals, and public health laboratories. This network enables speedy data transfer, video conferencing, training and e-learning for outbreaks and programme monitoring. A 24x7 call centre is in operation to receive disease alerts. To complement these efforts, a media scanning and verification cell functions to receive reports of early warning signals. During the 2009 H1N1 outbreak, the usefulness of the information and communication technology (ICT) network was well appreciated. India is using ICT as part of its Integrated Disease Surveillance Project (IDSP) to help overcome the challenges in further expansion in hard-to-reach populations, to increase the involvement of the private sector, and to increase the use of other modes of communication like e-mail and voicemail