Esophageal cancer in India: Current status and future perspectives

Esophageal cancer is the fourth common cause of cancer-related deaths in India. It is prevalent among both men and women. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) accounts for up to 80% of these cancers, although adenocarcinoma is on the increase due to changing lifestyles. The etiological factors for SCCs show a regional variation in different parts of India, but tobacco consumption in various forms, alcohol, hot beverages, and poor nutrition remain the predominant predisposing factors. Generally, these cancers present late and therefore have a poor prognosis. The current status of esophageal cancer in India in relation to the demographics, diagnosis, staging, multimodality treatment, surgical therapy, and the future perspectives are discussed in this review article

Extracavitary primary effusion lymphoma: A case report from India

We present a case of extracavitary primary effusion lymphoma presenting, as jejunal polyps in a 38-year-old man. This is the first report of this entity from India. Although rare in our country, the diagnosis should be suspected in cases of CD20 negative large cell lymphoma with plasmablastic or immunoblastic differentiation in seropositive patients. Immunostaining for latency-associated nuclear antigen-1 and in situ hybridization for Epstein-Barr virus-associated RNA will confirm the diagnosis

Jejunogastric Intussusception: An Unusual Cause of Hematemesis

Jejunogastric intussusception is an uncommon but potentially life-threatening complication of a previous gastrojejunal anastamosis. Although jejunogastric intussusception was first described in 1914, fewer than 200 cases have been reported in the English literature thus far. Awareness of this rare complication would help in early diagnosis and appropriate management. Described here is a case report of a patient who presented with hematemesis due to an acute jejunogastric intussusception associated with gangrene of the intussuscepted jejunum

Nutritional profile of the morbidly obese patients attending a bariatric clinic in a South Indian tertiary care centre

Background: Obesity is sweeping across continents and is a major public health concern of the modern society. Aims: The main objective of this study was to study the demographic, anthropometric and dietary patterns of the morbidly obese and study region wise variation in their nutrient intake. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 101 morbidly obese individuals from different regions of India who attended the Bariatric clinic of a tertiary care hospital in India. Their socio-demographic details, anthropometric measurements were collected. The dietary assessment was done using a 24 hour dietary recall and a food frequency questionnaire. The study was approved by the Institutional review board and informed consent was obtained from them. Results: More than 3/4th of the patients were females and 61 per cent had Type 2 diabetes mellitus. The mean age of the male and female population was 41.3 + 15.5 years and 36.7 + 11.9 years respectively. Their mean BMI was 41kg/m2. The mean daily intake of calories was more than 2200kcal/day with a gross deficit in the intake of micronutrients. Bonferroni Test showed that there was region wise variation in dietary intake, South Indian female population had the lowest intake of the micronutrients and those from East India had the highest intake. In the male population, there was a significant regional difference in intake of Proteins (p=0.039) and Energy (p=0.024). Independent Sample T test showed that South Indian had the highest intake of Energy and proteins. Anthropometric measures showed positive relation with various macronutrient intakes. Conclusion: The obese patients require intense counselling by a dedicated team of an endocrinologist, psychiatrist, dietician, bariatric surgeon and a social worker to make achievable changes in the quality of life of the morbidly obese patients. Regional influences must be considered when counselling the patient