Characterization of the adult transcriptome, adult proteome, and immunogenic proteins of <i>Paragonimus kellicotti</i>.

<p>Characterization of the adult transcriptome, adult proteome, and immunogenic proteins of <i>Paragonimus kellicotti</i>.</p

<i>Paragonimus kellicotti</i> transcriptome assembly statistics.

<p><i>Paragonimus kellicotti</i> transcriptome assembly statistics.</p

Western blot of <i>Paragonimus kellicotti</i> antigen immunoprecipitated with total IgG from <i>P. kellicotti</i> patients.

<p>Total IgG was purified and used to precipitate immunogenic proteins from total <i>P. kellicotti</i> homogenate. <i>P. kellicotti</i> proteins were eluted from the purification column in eight fractions, which were tested by Western blot using an aliquot of the same IgG used in the immunoprecipitation. Fraction 2 had the greatest protein concentration and was used in our mass spectrometry analysis.</p

The top 25 <i>Paragonimus kellicotti</i> proteins in adult worms based on spectral counts.

<p>Protein abundance was estimated by un-corrected spectral counts. Only the top-scoring transcript from each genetic locus was considered in ranking the top 25 most abundant proteins as long as the isoforms had similar top BLAST hits and annotations. The GenBank accession number of the top BLAST match and the e-value of the match are given in parentheses.</p><p>The top 25 <i>Paragonimus kellicotti</i> proteins in adult worms based on spectral counts.</p

Functions enriched among proteins with predicted secretion peptides.

<p>Functions enriched among proteins with predicted secretion peptides.</p

The top 25 immunoreactive <i>Paragonimus kellicotti</i> proteins in adult worms based on spectral counts.

<p>Protein abundance was estimated by un-corrected spectral counts. Only the top-scoring transcript from each genetic locus was considered in ranking the top 25 most abundant proteins as long as the isoforms had similar top BLAST hits and annotations. The GenBank accession number of the top BLAST match and the e-value of the match are given in parentheses. The presence or absence of a predicted secretion peptide is noted in the table; however, there are many routes of release from a live worm (both active and passive) that do not involve a classical secretion signal.</p><p>The top 25 immunoreactive <i>Paragonimus kellicotti</i> proteins in adult worms based on spectral counts.</p

Distribution of protein sequence similarity matches among three trematode species.

<p>Venn diagram showing the distribution of (<b>A</b>) InterPro protein domains and (<b>B</b>) KEGG orthologous groups shared or unique to <i>P. kellicotti</i>, <i>C. sinensis</i> and <i>S. mansoni</i>.</p

<i>Onchocerca flexuosa</i> sequences related to <i>de novo</i> purine and pyrimidine biosynthesis.

<p>KEGG pathway modules are outlined for inosine monophosphate (A) and uridine monophosphate (B) biosynthesis (module entries M00048 and M00051, respectively). Boxes representing enzymes present in nematodes (e.g., <i>C. elegans</i>), <i>Wolbachia</i>, or both are colored blue, red and purple, respectively. Enzymes sharing sequence identity with <i>O. flexuosa</i> peptide translations are highlighted in yellow. Enzymes identified from <i>B. malayi</i> are marked with an asterisk.</p

Selected KEGG pathway modules in <i>B. malayi</i> and <i>O. flexuosa</i>. Table lists the number of module enzymes represented in each dataset.

<p>Selected KEGG pathway modules in <i>B. malayi</i> and <i>O. flexuosa</i>. Table lists the number of module enzymes represented in each dataset.</p

Localization of the putative LolC peptide by immunohistology and <i>in situ</i> hybridization in <i>Onchocerca flexuosa</i>.

<p>The putative LolC peptide and transcript were localized in adult worm tissues via immunohistology (A-G) and <i>in situ</i> hybridization (H-K), respectively. Negative control antibodies against keyhole limpit hemocyanin (carrier protein) showed no specific staining in <i>O. flexuosa</i> (A). Antibodies against a peptide from MS protein 1591, a putative homolog of <i>Wolbachia</i> LolC, stained the fibrillar portions of the somatic muscles (arrow) in a cross section of an adult male worm (B). The somatic muscles (solid arrows) and excretory cell (dashed arrow) are stained in cross sections of young adult females (C, D). Magnification of the excretory cell shows intense staining of the cell membrane (dashed arrow) and more diffuse staining in adjacent muscles (solid arrow) (E). The uterine muscles of an older female (arrow) are clearly stained (F), as are the intrauterine stretched microfilaria (F, G). The LolC sense RNA probe produced no signal in <i>in situ</i> hybridizations (H), while the antisense RNA probe labeled the lateral chords (arrows) and developing sperm within the male testes (I, J). The antisense RNA probe also labeled the lateral chords (arrow), intestine, and uteri of a young adult female (K). Abbreviations: m, muscle; lc, lateral chords; i, intestine; ut, uterus; mf, microfilariae; hy, hypodermis; t, testes; vd, vas deferens. Scale bars = 25 µm.</p