Les « brûleurs » de frontières dans la musique tunisienne : la migration non documentée au prisme de chansons de rap et de mezoued

Cet article propose une analyse des représentations des « brûleurs » de frontières, les migrants d'Afrique du Nord, dans la musique populaire tunisienne à partir d'un corpus constitué de cinquante-quatre chansons. Il mobilise la musique populaire tel un révélateur de l'imaginaire migratoire et de dynamiques sociales profondes. Après avoir exploré le contexte d'énonciation des chansons, l'article se structure autour des quatre thèmes prévalents : désirs migratoires, dangers de la traversée, souffrance de l'exilé et des siens, acceptation de la volonté divine. Cette analyse permet de conclure que, sans pouvoir être classées dans la musique révolutionnaire au sens classique du terme, les paroles des chansons sur la harga contiennent un potentiel de subversion important : voter avec ses pieds

Prevalence, predictors, and outcomes of clonal hematopoiesis in individuals aged ≥80 years

Clonal hematopoiesis (CH), characterized by a fraction of peripheral blood cells carrying an acquired genetic variant, emerges with age. Although in general CH is associated with increased mortality and morbidity, no higher risk of death was observed for individuals ≥80 years. Here, we investigated CH in 621 individuals aged ≥80 years from the population-based LifeLines cohort. Sensitive error-corrected sequencing of 27 driver genes at a variant allele frequency ≥1% revealed CH in the majority (62%) of individuals, independent of gender. The observed mutational spectrum was dominated by DNMT3A and TET2 variants, which frequently (29%) displayed multiple mutations per gene. In line with previous results in individuals ≥80 years, the overall presence of CH did not associate with a higher risk of death (hazard ratio, 0.91; 95% confidence interval, 0.70-1.18; P = .48). Being able to assess the causes of death, we observed no difference between individuals with or without CH, except for deaths related to hematological malignancies. Interestingly, comparison of mutational spectra confined to DNMT3A and TET2 vs spectra containing other mutated genes, showed a higher risk of death when mutations other than DNMT3A or TET2 were present (hazard ratio, 1.48; 95% confidence interval, 1.06-2.08; P = .025). Surprisingly, no association of CH with cardiovascular morbidity was found, irrespective of clone size. Further, CH associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Data on estimated exposure to DNA damaging toxicities (ie, smoking, a history of cancer [as a proxy for previous genotoxic therapy], and job-related pesticide exposure) showed an association with spliceosome and ASXL1 variants, but not with DNMT3A and TET2 variants

The USP7-TRIM27 axis mediates non-canonical PRC1.1 function and is a druggable target in leukemia

In an attempt to unravel functionality of the non-canonical PRC1.1 Polycomb complex in human leukemogenesis, we show that USP7 and TRIM27 are integral components of PRC1.1. USP7 interactome analyses show that PRC1.1 is the predominant Polycomb complex co-precipitating with USP7. USP7 inhibition results in PRC1.1 disassembly and loss of chromatin binding, coinciding with reduced H2AK119ub and H3K27ac levels and diminished gene transcription of active PRC1.1-controlled loci, whereas H2AK119ub marks are also lost at PRC1 loci. TRIM27 and USP7 are reciprocally required for incorporation into PRC1.1, and TRIM27 knockdown partially rescues USP7 inhibitor sensitivity. USP7 inhibitors effectively impair proliferation in AML cells in vitro, also independent of the USP7-MDM2-TP53 axis, and MLL-AF9-induced leukemia is delayed in vivo in human leukemia xenografts. We propose a model where USP7 counteracts TRIM27 E3 ligase activity, thereby maintaining PRC1.1 integrity and function. Moreover, USP7 inhibition may be a promising new strategy to treat AML patients

The Diversity of Religious Diversity. Using Census and NCS Methodology in Order to Map and Assess the Religious Diversity of a Whole Country

Religious diversity is often captured in “mapping studies” that use mostly qualitative methods in order to map and assess the religious communities in a given area. While these studies are useful, they often present weaknesses in that they treat only limited geographic regions, provide limited possibilities for comparing across religious groups and cannot test theories. In this article, we show how a census and a quantitative national congregations study (NCS) methodology can be combined in order to map and assess the religious diversity of a whole country (Switzerland), overcoming the problems mentioned above. We outline the methodological steps and selected results concerning organizational, geographic, structural, and cultural diversity

How diverse is Cologne Carnival? How migrants appropriate popular art spaces

The present article contributes to the ongoing academic debate on migrants' appropriation of artistic and political spaces in Germany. Cologne, one of the largest cities in Germany, is an interesting example of the tension between political discourse centred around multiculturalism and cultural segregation processes. The 'no fool is illegal' carnival organised by asylum seekers shows their capacity to act, as they reinvent an old local tradition by reinterpreting medieval rituals. Today, different groups and associations appropriate this festive art space: migrants, gays and lesbians, feminists and far-left groups either organise their own parties or take part in the official parties and parades as separate groups. As a result, the celebration of diversity figures on the local political agenda and becomes part of the official carnival festivities. This leads to a blurring of boundaries, whereby mainstream popular culture becomes more and more influenced by multicultural elements