H−H-convergence result for nonlocal elliptic-type problems via Tartar's method

In this work we obtain a compactness result for the $H-$convergence of a family of nonlocal and nonlinear monotone elliptic-type problems by means of Tartar's method of oscillating test functions.Comment: In this revision we added a new section that shows the Gamma-convergence of the associated energy functional

An optimal mass transport approach for limits of eigenvalue problems for the fractional pp-Laplacian

We find interpretation using optimal mass transport theory for eigenvalue problems obtained as limits of the eigenvalue problems for the fractional $p-$Laplacian operators as $p\to +\infty$. We deal both with Dirichlet and Neumann boundary conditions.Comment: 20 page

Asymptotic Behaviours in Fractional Orlicz–Sobolev Spaces on Carnot Groups

In this article, we define a class of fractional Orlicz–Sobolev spaces on Carnot groups, and in the spirit of the celebrated results of Bourgain–Brezis–Mironescu and of Maz’ya–Shaposhnikova, we study the asymptotic behaviour of the Orlicz functionals when the fractional parameter goes to 1 and 0

Early establishment response of different Pinus nigra ssp. salzmanii seed sources on contrasting environments: Implications for future reforestation programs and assisted population migration

[EN] Forest restoration constitutes an important issue within adaptive environmental management for climate change at global scale. However, effective implementation of these programs can only be achieved by revising current seed transfer guidelines, as they lack inherent spatial and temporal dynamics associated with climate change. In this sense, provenance trials may provide key information on the relative performance of different populations and/or genotypes under changing ecological conditions. This study addresses a methodological approach to evaluate early plantation performance and the consequent phenotypic plasticity and the pattern of the adaptation of different seed sources in contrasting environments. To this end, six seed sources of Salzmann pine were tested at three contrasting trial sites testing a hypothetical assisted population migration. Adaptation at each site was assessed through Joint Regression and Additive Main effect and Multiplication Interaction (AMMI) models. Most of the observed variation was attributed to the environment (above 90% for all traits), even so genotype and genotype by environment interaction (GxE) were significant. Seedlings out-planted under better site conditions did not differ in survival but in height growth. However, on sites with higher constraints, survival differed among seed sources and diameter growth was high. The adaptation analyses (AMMI) indicated that the cold-continental seed source Soria performed as a generalist seed source, whereas Cordilleras Beticas , the southernmost seed source, was more adapted to harsh environments (frost and drought) in terms of survival. The results supported partially the hypothesis that assisted migration of seed sources makes sense within limited transfer distances, and this was reinforced by the GxE results. The present study could be valuable to address adaptive transfer of seedings in ecological restoration and to determine the suitable seed sources for reforestation programs and assisted population migration under climatic changes. The reported results are based on 3 years' data and need to be considered in this context.This study is a part of the research project: "Application of molecular biology techniques in forest restoration in Mediterranean environments, PAID-05-11" funded by the Universitat Politecnica de Valencia (UPV), program for supporting R&D of new multidisciplinary research lines. The authors are grateful to MeteoCat and Emilio Olid (Meteoclimatic) for the meteorological data and to Jaime Flors and Tragsa for field work and to Dr. Paulo Canas Rodrigues from the Research Center for Mathematics and Applications, Nova University of Lisbon, Portugal, for the deliverance and the guidance of some R codes. The authors also thank the anonymous referees for reviewing the manuscript.Taïbi, K.; Campo García, ADD.; Aguado, A.; Mulet Salort, JM. (2016). Early establishment response of different Pinus nigra ssp. salzmanii seed sources on contrasting environments: Implications for future reforestation programs and assisted population migration. Journal of Environmental Management. 171:184-194. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.02.014S18419417

Testing Aleppo pine seed sources response to climate change by using trial sites reflecting future conditions

Large-scale biogeographical shifts in forest tree distributions are predicted in response to the altered precipitation and temperature regimes associated with climate change. Adaptive forest management to climate change experienced in either stable or rapidly changing environments must consider this fact when carrying out reforestation programs or specifically assisted population migration for conservation purposes. The aim of this study was to compare field performance of eleven seed sources of Aleppo pine outplanted in core and marginal habitats and to assess their phenotypic plasticity for further screening under specific conditions in particular reforestation areas. We hypothesize that current marginal habitat due to low temperature is shifting toward conditions found on the core habitat and that current core habitat will shift toward warmer and drier marginal habitat. Our study reproduced real conditions of reforestation in potential future climatic conditions. Results suggest that it is difficult to predict Aleppo pine provenances' performance in different natural sites from their performance at a single location, even though 'Levante interior' and 'La Mancha' seed sources showed the best overall response among sites. On a site basis, provenances were matched in groups according to their survival and growth responses. Seedlings grown from local seed sources or seed orchards performed better on the core habitat. However, as conditions shifted to marginal habitats, seedlings from climatically similar regions performed better than local sources at least in the short term; our findings suggest that new plantations in areas already affected by global change could be better adapted if they use alternative seed sources.This study is a part of two research projects: "Application of molecular biology techniques in forest restoration in Mediterranean environments, PAID-05-11" funded by the Universitat Politecnica de Valencia (UPV), program for supporting R&D of new multidisciplinary research lines; and the contract subscribed between the UPV and the Ministry of Environment, Rural and Marine affairs (Centro Nacional de Recursos Geneticos Forestales de Alaquas) through its public partnership TRAGSA titled: "Study of seedling quality and field performance of 12 seed sources of Pinus halepensis Mill." The authors are grateful to Amparo Pedros-Mari for field work in La Hunde, to the Valencia Regional Government (CMAAUV, Generalitat Valenciana) and VAERSA staff for their support in allowing the use of the experimental forest of La Hunde. We thank Dr. Kasten Dumroese from USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station for his critical and valuable comments on the draft manuscript. Also, we thank the anonymous referees for their comments, which significantly improved the final manuscript.Taïbi, K.; Campo García, ADD.; Mulet Salort, JM.; Flors, J.; Aguado, A. (2014). Testing Aleppo pine seed sources response to climate change by using trial sites reflecting future conditions. New Forests. 45(5):603-624. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11056-014-9423-yS603624455Agúndez ID, Degen B, von Wuehlisch G, Alia R (1997) Genetic variation of Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis mill.). 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Glob Ecol Biogeogr 20:766–778Climent J, Prada MA, Calama R, Chambel MR, Sánchez de Ron D, Alía R (2008) To grow or to seed: ecotypic variation in reproductive allocation and cone production by young female Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis, Pinaceae). Am J Bot 95(7):833–842Cortina J, Vilagrosa A, Trubat R (2013) The role of nutrients for improving seedling quality in drylands. New For. doi: 10.1007/s11056-013-9379-3Cregg BM, Zhang JW (2001) Physiology and morphology of Pinus sylvestris seedlings from diverse sources under cyclic drought stress. For Ecol Manage 154:131–139del Campo AD, Navarro-Cerrillo RM, Hermoso J, Ibáñez AJ (2007a) Relationships between root growth potential and field performance in Aleppo pine. Ann For Sci 64:541–548del Campo AD, Navarro-Cerrillo RM, Hermoso J, Ibáñez AJ (2007b) Relationships between site and stock quality in Pinus halepensis Mill. reforestation on semiarid landscapes in eastern Spain. 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Tellus B 57:164–173Gandullo J, Sánchez-Palomares O (1994) Site ecology of Spanish pines, ICONA, Ministry of Agriculture, fisheries and food, Madrid (in Spanish)Garrido A, Willaarts B, López-Gunn E, Rey D (2012) Considerations on climate variability and change in Spain. In: De Stefano L, Ramón Llamas M (eds) Water, agriculture and the environment in Spain can we square the circle? CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp 191–202Giorgi F, Lionello P (2008) Climate change projections for the Mediterranean region. Glob Planet Change 63:90–104Grivet D, Sebastiani F, González-Martínez SC, Vendramin GG (2009) Patterns of polymorphism resulting from long-range colonization in the Mediterranean conifer Aleppo pine. New Phytol 184:1016–1028Hernandez EI, Vilagrosa A, Pausas JG, Bellot J (2010) Morphological traits and water use strategies in seedlings of Mediterranean coexisting species. Plant Ecol 207:233–244IPCC (2001) The Scientific Basis. In: Houghton JT, Ding Y, Griggs DJ, Noguer M, Van Der Linden PJ, Dai X, Maskell K, Johnsson CA (eds) Climate Change 2001. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, p 881Kaplan EL, Meier P (1958) Nonparametric estimation from incomplete observations. J Am Stat Assoc 53:457–481Landis TD, Dumroese RK, Haase DL (2010) The container tree nursery manual: Seedling processing, storage, and outplanting. vol. 7. USDA For. Serv., Agr. Handbook. 674, Washington, p 192Matesanz S, Valladares F (2013) Ecological and evolutionary responses of Mediterranean plants to global change. doi: 10.1016/j.envexpbot.2013.09.004Mayr S (2007) Limits in water relations. Trees at their upper limit. In: Wieser G, Tausz M (eds) Tree life limitation at the Alpine timberline. Springer, Berlin, pp 145–162McDowell N, Pockman WT, Allen CD, Breshears DD, Cobb N, Kolb T, Plaut J, Sperry J, West A, Williams DG, Yepez EA (2008) Mechanisms of plant survival and mortality during drought: why do some plants survive while others succumb to drought? New Phytol 178:719–739Metzger MJ, Bunce RGH, Leemans R, Viner D (2008) Projected environmental shifts under climate change: European trends and regional impacts. Environ Conserv 35(1):64–75Mulet JM, Martin DE, Loewith R, Hall MN (2006) Mutual antagonism of target of rapamycin and calcineurin signaling. J Biol Chem 281(44):33000–33007Oliet JA, Puértolas J, Planelles R, Jacobs DF (2013) Nutrient loading of forest tree seedlings to promote stress resistance and field performance: a Mediterranean perspective. New For 44:649–669. doi: 10.1007/s11056-013-9382-8Oliver J, Bogino S, Spiecker H, Bravo F (2012) Climate impact on growth dynamic and intra-annual density fluctuations in Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis) trees of different crown classes. Dendro 30:35–47Persson B (1994) Effect of provenance transfer on survival in nine experimental series with Pinus sylvestris (L.) in northern Sweden. Scand J Forest Res 9:275–287Potter KM, Hargrove WW (2012) Determining suitable locations for seed transfer under climate change: a global quantitative method. New For 43(5–6):581–599Puértolas J, Gil L, Pardos JA (2005) Effects of nitrogen fertilization and temperature on frost hardiness of Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis Mill.) seedlings assessed by chlorophyll fluorescence. Forestry 78(5):501–511Quézel P, Médail F (2003) Ecologie et biogéographie des forêts du basin méditerranéen. Elsevier (Collection Environnement), Paris, 573 pRæbild A, Graudal L, Khan SR (2003) Evaluation of a Prosopis cineraria provenance trial at Dagar Kotli, Pakistan. Trial no. 23 in the arid zone series Results and Documentation No. 28. Danida Forest Seed Centre, Humlebaek, DenmarkRehfeldt GE, Tchebakova NM, Parfenova YI, Wykoff WR, Kuzmina NA, Milyutin II (2002) Intraspecific responses to climate change in Pinus sylvestris. Glob Change Biol 8:912–929Reich PB, Oleksyn J (2008) Climate warming will reduce growth and survival of Scots pine except in the far north. Ecol Lett 11:588–597. doi: 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2008.01172.xSáenz-Romero C, Beaulieu J, Rehfeldt GE (2011) Altitudinal genetic variation among P. patula in growth chambers simulating global warming temperatures. Agrocien 45:399–411Schiller G, Atzmon N (2009) Performance of Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis) provenances grown at the edge of the Negev desert: a review. 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Asympyotic behavior of Musielak-Orlicz-Sobolev modulars

In this article we study the asymptotic behavior of anisotropic nonlocal nonstandard growth seminorms and modulars as the fractional parameter goes to 1. This gives a so-called Bourgain-Brezis-Mironescu type formula for a very general family of functionals. In the particu\-lar case of fractional Sobolev spaces with variable exponent, we point out that our proof asks for a weaker regularity of the exponent than the considered in previous articles

Investigation on reconstruction methods applied to 3D terahertz computed tomography

International audience3D terahertz computed tomography has been performed using a monochromatic millimeter wave imaging system coupled with an infrared temperature sensor. Three different reconstruction methods (standard back-projection algorithm and two iterative analysis) have been compared in order to reconstruct large size 3D objects. The quality (intensity, contrast and geometric preservation) of reconstructed cross-sectional images has been discussed together with the optimization of the number of projections. Final demonstration to real-life 3D objects has been processed to illustrate the potential of the reconstruction methods for applied terahertz tomography