[MANIFESTATIONS OF MERCY IN THE SOCIAL RIGHTS OF WOMEN FROM AN ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE AND COMPARISON WITH WESTERN CIVILIZATIONS] مظاهر الرحمة في الحقوق الاجتماعية للمرأة من منظور إسلامي ومقارنتها بالحضارات الغربية

The study aimed to shed light on the manifestations of mercy in women's social rights in Islam and see the situation of women in ancient civilizations. This study belongs to the pattern of studies estimating the situation based on the analytical inductive approach. It is one of the most important methods of scientific research, and the inductive approach relies on scientific observation, whereby texts and opinions related to the social rights of women are traced and then analyzed and inferring aspects of mercy in them in order to reach a complete perception of this study. The results of the study showed that the Islamic religion is the only one that strengthened the position of women, honored them, and gave them all their rights completely in a way that suits her natural fit compared to the situation of women in other civilizations. The researcher concluded that compassion is a basic principle with all the meanings of charity and softness away from the hardship in our true religion. The features of mercy were represented by the woman’s sense of psychological comfort and her sense of being and existence, giving her the right to self-determination like the right to choose a husband. These rights are based on stability and harmony, which contribute to the family achieving its goals. The study reached a set of conclusions, the most prominent of which is the definition of the landmarks of mercy in all areas related to women in our true religion, holding international conferences and symposia to be a tool for advocating the religion of God and working to make Muslim women aware of their rights and duties by educating spouses and everyone who is about to build a family in order to build informed and healthy Islamic societies, and activating the role of Muslim women and protecting their rights from being swept away in the current of Western culture                                                                                                              هدفت الدراسة إلى تسليط الضوء على مظاهر الرحمة  في الحقوق الاجتماعية المرأة في الإسلام والاطلاع على وضع المرأة في الحضارات القديمة، حيث تنتمي هذه الدراسة إلى نمط الدراسات تقدير الموقف بالاعتماد على المنهج الاستقرائي التحليلي، وهو منهج من أهم مناهج البحث العلمي، ويعتمد المنهج الاستقرائي على الملاحظة العلمية، حيث يتم تتبع النصوص والآراء المتعلقة بالحقوق الاجتماعية للمرأة ومن ثم تحليلها واستنتاج مظاهر الرحمة فيها للوصول إلى تصور كلي لهذه الدراسة، حيث أظهرت نتائج الدراسة أن الدين الإسلامي هو الوحيد الذي عزز مكانة المرأة وأكرمها وأعطاها كافة حقوقها غير منقوصة بما يلائم فطرتها الطبيعية مقارنة مع وضع المرأة في الحضارات الأخرى، وتوصلت الباحثة إلى أن  الرحمة هو مبدأ رئيس بكل ما تحتوي من معاني الإحسان واللين بعيدا عن المشقة في ديننا الحنيف، وتمثلت معالم الرحمة من خلال شعور المرأة بالراحة النفسية وإحساسها بكيانها ووجودها، وإعطائها الحق في تقرير مصيرها مثل الحق في اختيار الزوج، فهذه الحقوق تؤسس إلى الاستقرار والانسجام مما يساهم في تحقيق الأسرة لأهدافها، وقد توصلت الدراسة إلى مجموعة من الاستنتاجات من أبرزها التعريف بمعالم الرحمة في جميع المجالات والمتعلقة بالمرأة في ديننا الحنيف، وعقد المؤتمرات والندوات الدولية لتكـون أداة مـن أدوات الدعوة إلى دين الله والعمل على توعية المرأة المسلمة بحقوقها وواجباتها وذلك بتوعية الزوجين ولكل من هو مقبل على بناء أسرة من أجل بناء مجتمعات إسلامية واعية وصحية، وتفعيل دور المرأة المسلمة وحماية حقوقها من الانجراف في تـيار الثقافة الغربية

Surgical Dental Intervention For Implants, Responsibility Of Nursing, Pharmacist Radiology And Operation Room Technician: Review

Late dental implant issues include peri-implantitis, which is one of the most common dental implant complications. As a result of the fact that the disease is brought on by a bacterial infection, anti-infective peri-implantitis treatment options are necessary in order to halt the growing marginal bone loss and ensure that the damaged implant continues to function normally. Surgical therapies have frequently resulted in improved treatment outcomes, despite the fact that nonsurgical therapy options tend to have a limited degree of predictability. During the time that implant surgery has been utilized in clinical settings, numerous modifications of the surgical procedure that is used to install dental implants have been developed. Among these are variances in the timing of implant placement in relation to the removal of the tooth, as well as variations in the manner in which the bone site of the recipient is prepared. In addition, the members of the nursing staff, the pharmacist, the radiology technician, and the operation room technician work together to constitute an essential component of these processes

Super-spreading social events for COVID-19 transmission: evidence from the investigation of six early clusters in Bahrain

IntroductionThis study aimed to characterize six early clusters of COVID-19 and derive key transmission parameters from confirmed cases that were traced between April and June 2020 in Bahrain.MethodsPairs of “infector-infectee” allowed us to map the clusters and estimate the incubation period serial interval as the secondary attack rate. The chi-squared test, with a p-value computed using the Monte Carlo test, measured associations between categorical variables. Statistical analysis was performed using R software and the “data.tree, tidyverse” libraries.ResultsFrom 9 April to 27 June 2020, we investigated 596 individuals suspected of COVID-19, of whom 127 positive cases were confirmed by PCR and linked in six clusters. The mean age was 30.34 years (S.D. = 17.84 years). The male-to-female ratio was 0.87 (276/318), and most of the contacts were of Bahraini citizenship (511/591 = 86.5%). Exposure occurred within the family in 74.3% (411/553), and 18.9% of clusters' cases were symptomatic (23/122 = 18.9%). Mapped clusters and generations increased after 24 May 2020, corresponding to “Aid El-Fitr.” The mean incubation period was 4 days, and the mean serial interval ranged from 3 to 3.31 days. The secondary attack rate was 0.21 (95% C.I.) = [0.17–0.24].ConclusionCOVID-19 transmission was amplified due to the high number of families mixing during “Aid El Fitr” and “Ramadhan,” generating important clusters. Estimated serial intervals and incubation periods support asymptomatic transmission

[DETERMINE THE IMPACT OF THE INTERNAL ENVIRONMENT ON EMPOWERING FEMALE EMPLOYEES IN THE ACADEMIC FIELD AT ISTIQLAL UNIVERSITY] تحديد أثر البيئة الداخلية على تمكين الموظفات في المجال الأكاديمي في جامعة الاستقلال

This study aims to identify the impact of the internal environment and its relation with the empowerment of employee (female/) in the academic field: Case study (Ali Istiqlal University). This study is descriptive according to qualitative approach using a non-probable sample by social survey by the sample method in the College of Administrative Sciences. The total of the study community has reached (141) faculty members at Istiqlal University, and the sample was restricted to faculty members in the Department of Public Administration at the Faculty of Administrative Sciences and they are (15) faculty members. In this connection the researcher relied on an interview guide from his preparation, and the interviews were conducted from the viewpoint of the faculty members in the Department of Public Administration. Where the results of the study revealed that the university environment is a bureaucratic environment dominated by the male style, which is a reflection of the prevailing societal culture, as the candidates for senior positions are always men, being more influential from the point of view of the institution and there is no feeling that they are possible in the organization or influences in general in their workplace This may be because of selectivity as the challenges facing academies in the administrative environment due to centralization and the lack of a clear system of incentives and rewards prevent their empowerment, there is a great shortage in terms of the material aspect of the university of furniture and office equipment and the lack of complete infrastructure in the fact that the university is modern and under development. The results of the study reached a set of recommendations, the most prominent of which is the removal of bureaucratic obstacles hindering the leadership of faculty members and finding a gender balance in employment and scholarships by Palestinian higher education through systems that guarantee the right to equal access to opportunities, and reducing centralization through delegation and empowerment And responsibilities for academies. Create a clear, stable and fair system of incentives and rewards, provide appropriate financial conditions, fight wasta and adopt transparency in employment. هدفت الدراسة إلى تحديد أثر البيئة الداخلية وعلاقتها بتمكين الموظفات في المجال الاكاديمي: دراسة حالةفي جامعة الاستقلال، حيث تنتمي هذه الدراسة إلى نمط الدراسات الوصفية بالاعتماد على المنهج النوعي،باستخدام عينة غير احتمالية عن طريق المسح الاجتماعي بأسلوب العينة في كلية العلوم الإدارية وقد بلغإجمالي مجتمع الدراسة ) 141 ( عضو هيئة تدريس في جامعة الاستقلال، وتم حصر العينة على أعضاء الهيئةالتدريسية بقسم الإدارة العامة بكلية العلوم الإدارية والبالغ عددهم ) 15 ( عضو هيئة تدريس، ) 5( من الإناثو ) 10 ( من الذكور. اعتمد الباحث على دليل مقابلة من إعداده وتم إجراء المقابلات من وجهة نظر أعضاءالهيئة التدريسية في قسم الإدارة العامة. حيث كشفت نتائج الدراسة أن بيئة الجامعة بيئة بيروقراطية ويغلبعليها النمط الذكوري ، وهي انعكاس للثقافة المجتمعية السائدة، حيث ان المرشحين للمناصب العليا دائماهم الرجال كونهم مؤثرين بشكل أكثر من وجهة نظر المؤسسة ولا يوجد شعور بأنهن ممكنات في المنظمة أومؤثرات بشكل عام في مكان عملهن وقد يكون ذلك بسبب الانتقائية ، حيث ان التحديات التي تواجهالأكاديميات في البيئة الإدارية بسبب المركزية وعدم توفر نظام واضح للحوافز والمكافآت تحول دون تمكينهن،ويوجد نقص كبير فيما يخص الجانب المادي بالجامعة من أثاث وتجهيزات مكتبية وعدم اكتمال البنية التحتيةبشكل كامل كون الجامعة حديثة وفي قيد التطور. وقد توصلت نتائج الدراسة إلى مجموعة من التوصياتومن أبرزها إزالة العوائق البيروقراطية التي تعيق ريادة عضوات هيئة التدريس وإيجاد توازن جندري في التوظيفوالمنح الدراسية من قبل التعليم العالي الفلسطيني من خلال أنظمة تكفل حق المساواة في الحصول على الفرص، والحد من المركزية من خلال التفويض ومنح الصلاحيات والمسؤوليات للأكاديميات. وإيجاد نظام واضحومستقر وعادل للحوافز والمكافآت وتوفير ظروف مادية مناسبة ، ومحاربة الواسطة واعتماد الشفافية فيالتوظيف

SARS-CoV-2 vaccination modelling for safe surgery to save lives: data from an international prospective cohort study

Background: Preoperative SARS-CoV-2 vaccination could support safer elective surgery. Vaccine numbers are limited so this study aimed to inform their prioritization by modelling. Methods: The primary outcome was the number needed to vaccinate (NNV) to prevent one COVID-19-related death in 1 year. NNVs were based on postoperative SARS-CoV-2 rates and mortality in an international cohort study (surgical patients), and community SARS-CoV-2 incidence and case fatality data (general population). NNV estimates were stratified by age (18-49, 50-69, 70 or more years) and type of surgery. Best- and worst-case scenarios were used to describe uncertainty. Results: NNVs were more favourable in surgical patients than the general population. The most favourable NNVs were in patients aged 70 years or more needing cancer surgery (351; best case 196, worst case 816) or non-cancer surgery (733; best case 407, worst case 1664). Both exceeded the NNV in the general population (1840; best case 1196, worst case 3066). NNVs for surgical patients remained favourable at a range of SARS-CoV-2 incidence rates in sensitivity analysis modelling. Globally, prioritizing preoperative vaccination of patients needing elective surgery ahead of the general population could prevent an additional 58 687 (best case 115 007, worst case 20 177) COVID-19-related deaths in 1 year. Conclusion: As global roll out of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination proceeds, patients needing elective surgery should be prioritized ahead of the general population