Interactive gambling

Summary: One of the most significant changes to the gambling environment in the past 15 years has been the increased availability of interactive or Internet gambling. Interactive gambling, including mobile gambling, is the fastest growing mode of gambling. This paper describes how and why Australians choose to gamble interactively.It will consider how interactive gambling differs from traditional land-based options and the differences between gamblers who do and do not gamble interactively. The discussion paper focuses on concerns regarding interactive gambling, including the risks it poses, particularly in terms of problem gambling. Key messages Interactive gambling is increasing in popularity with intensive marketing being used to encourage greater use of this mode of gambling. Sports and race wagering are the dominant forms of interactive gambling in Australia and interactive gamblers are more likely to be younger males. Most online gambling occurs on home computers, but the popularity of mobile technologies is increasing, allowing Australians to gamble at any time, from any place. Interactive gamblers tend to be more intensely involved in gambling than their land-based counterparts and more likely to experience gambling issues. Harm reduction may be achieved through initiatives such as regulated gambling sites, community education about the risks of interactive gambling, specialised treatment and prevention programs, and improved understanding of the impact of new technologies on gambling behaviour

Cultural Competence in the Treatment of Addictions: Theory, Practice and Evidence

Culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) populations often have high rates of addictive disorders, but lower rates of treatment seeking and completion than the mainstream population. A significant barrier to treatment is the lack of culturally relevant and appropriate treatment. A literature review was conducted to identify relevant literature related to cultural competence in mental health services delivery and specifically treatment for addictive disorders. Several theoretical models of cultural competence in therapy have been developed, but the lack of rigorous research limits the empirical evidence available. Research indicates that culturally competent treatment practices including providing therapy and materials in the client's language, knowledge, understanding and appreciation for cultural perspectives and nuances, involving the wider family and community and training therapists can enhance client engagement, retention and treatment outcomes for substance use and gambling. Further methodologically rigorous research is needed to isolate the impact of cultural competence for the treatment of addictions and guide research to determine treatment efficacy within specific CALD populations. Training therapists and recruiting therapists and researchers from CALD communities is important to ensure an ongoing focus and improved outcomes for CALD populations due to the importance of engaging these populations with addiction treatment.Funding for this study was provided by the Victorian Responsible Gambling Foundation: ‘Review of the In-Language Gambler’s Help Services’. The VRGF had no role in the study design, collection, analysis or interpretation of the data, writing the manuscript or the decision to submit the paper for publication

The influence of the online environment on risk taking: Internet gambling and Gambling Disorder

Disordered gambling is a significant public health issue and individuals who gamble online are significantly more likely to experience gambling problems than land-based-only gamblers. This presentation will consider what unique features of Internet gambling pose risks for harm, which population of Internet gamblers are at risk for experiencing gambling problems and whether Internet gambling leads to more gambling problems than venue-based gamblin

Session 4-1-C: Social media gambling games: Impact on young people

Key concerns for youth Normalisation & positive impressions of gambling Misrepresenting the odds of winning Encouraging transition to real money gambling Development of problem

Website design features: Exploring how social cues present in the online environment may impact risk taking

The nature of the online environment makes it difficult for individuals to verify their safety and to identify latent risks in online activities. This limits website users' ability to take appropriate security precautions. Websites use various features and functions supported by computer‐based media technologies to communicate and interact with users to achieve business success. Most website features research has previously focused solely on e‐commerce websites, leaving a knowledge gap in terms of website feature design and its impact in a broader context. An investigation applying a descriptive auditing method was undertaken on 50 Australian‐based websites from 10 categories to identify social cues presented to users. A website feature strategic emphasis framework was applied. Results generated a list of 48 unique features with social cues and highlighted their usage, which may influence decision‐making across website categories. Without comprehensive user protection for these design features, website visitors may not be aware of potential consequences. This research enriches understanding of potential features with social cues that may influence decision‐making and provides a foundation for online environment feature design regulation. Through identifying potential social and environmental cues in website features, this study will guide future studies in assessing websites' impact on online risk‐taking behavior and further contribute to online risk‐taking prevention.This work was supported by an Australian Research Council Discovery Early Career Research Award (DE1060100459) awarded to S.G

Gambling-related consumer credit use and debt problems: a brief review

People experiencing problems with gambling may use consumer credit to cover expenses and/or continue gambling. This may contribute to debt problems and psychological distress, both of which may have pre-existed (and potentially motivated) their gambling. This review found little empirical investigation of patterns of consumer credit use by gamblers, despite borrowing money being a diagnostic criterion for gambling disorder and financial harms being one of the most commonly reported problems. Research suggests that consumer credit use and debt problems increase with problem gambling severity. Gambling-related debt problems increase the likelihood of experiencing poor psychosocial functioning, including psychological distress, substance use, adverse family impacts, crime, and suicidality. Communities and governments are calling for more socially responsible conduct by financial institutions, which increasingly recognise the potentially harmful impacts of credit provision on the well-being of customers experiencing gambling problems. Policies and interventions are needed relating to consumer credit, debt, and gambling to enhance customers’ financial and psychosocial well-being.This work was partially funded by the Commonwealth Bank of Australia and University of Sydney Industry Seed Funding and an Australian Research Council Discovery Early Career Researcher Award [DE1060100459] awarded to Associate Professor Sally Gainsbury. The funding bodies had no involvement in the research, including but not limited to: the conceptualisation of the manuscript; collection, analysis, and interpretation of the data; the writing of the manuscript; or the decision to submit the article for publication

Chasing losses in online poker and casino games: Characteristics and game play of Internet gamblers at risk of disordered gambling

Disordered Internet gambling is a psychological disorder that represents an important public health issue due to the increase in highly available and conveniently accessible Internet gambling sites. Chasing losses is one of the few observable markers of at-risk and problem gambling that may be used to detect early signs of disordered Internet gambling. This study examined loss chasing behaviour in a sample of Internet casino and poker players and the socio-demographic variables, irrational beliefs, and gambling behaviours associated with chasing losses. An online survey was completed by 10,838 Internet gamblers (58% male) from 96 countries. The results showed that Internet casino players had a greater tendency to report chasing losses than poker players and gamblers who reported chasing losses were more likely to hold irrational beliefs about gambling and spend more time and money gambling than those who reported that they were unaffected by previous losses. Gamblers who played for excitement and to win money were more likely to report chasing losses. This study is one of the largest ever studies of Internet gamblers and the results are highly significant as they provide insight into the characteristics and behaviours of gamblers using this mode of access

Multi-Venue Self-Exclusion for Gambling Disorders: A Retrospective Process Investigation

This study describes an exploratory investigation of retrospective data related to the experiences and outcomes of individuals enrolled in a centralized multi-venue self-exclusion program for up to 24 months. The program was designed to offer convenient registration and to empower individuals to prevent their entry into multiple gambling venues or to restrict their access to non-gaming areas. A self-selected sample of 44 individuals participating in the program completed an online survey that assessed gambling history, motivations, and behaviours related to self-exclusion. Approximately two-thirds of the sample reported self-excluding in response to financial loss and hardship. Just over one-third breached the program by gambling in a nominated exclusion venue, the primary reason being a failure to cope with negative emotions. Concomitantly, fear of embarrassment, if detected, was cited as the main variable contributing to compliance. The paperless system eased enrolment procedures for a large majority of individuals, with the capacity to simultaneously exclude them from multiple venues being endorsed as the most helpful program feature. Self-reported benefits included reduced gambling for the majority of participants and a sense of greater control over urges and behaviours. Abstinent participants were less stressed than were non-abstinent participants, had fewer symptoms of depression, and reported a higher quality of life. Findings suggest that a self-exclusion program with convenient registration that prevents entry into multiple venues fosters positive outcomes for self-excluded gamblers, particularly those striving to maintain abstinence.This study was funded by a deed of gift from ClubsNSW Australia. The investigators conducted the research with no input from ClubsNSW in the design or methodology of the study. Rowan Cameron, responsible gambling manager for ClubsNSW, provided assistance in gaining access to participants. No constraints were imposed on publishing the results of the study. We would like to thank Rowan Cameron and Alistair Scott from ClubsNSW for their ongoing support during this research project

Skill-based Gambling Machines: Consumer attitudes and capacity for informed choice

Abstract Skill-based gambling machines combine elements of video games (skill, social interaction, competition, achievement and progress) with the random pay-out schedule of electronic gaming machines (EGMs, slots, pokies, VLTs, FOBTS). These new machines are designed to be more engaging than traditional EGMs and specifically appeal to younger generations to address the aging EGM player base apparent in many international jurisdictions. Skill-based gambling machines are currently only legally-provided in a handful of U.S. states. International regulators have expressed concerns regarding the potential for machines to lead to harms due to players misunderstanding the extent to which skill can influence outcomes (illusions of control) and the subsequent capacity for informed consent. The extent to which consumers are interested in playing the new machines is not well understood, making their commercial viability unknown. This presentation will share research results from two empirical studies examining consumer attitudes towards skill-based gaming machines, their interest and intent to play, and the extent to which they understand the role of skill vs. chance. Participants were recruited online and from U.S. casinos which provide skill-based gaming machines and completed surveys after exposure to the machines. Implications This presentation will provide research evidence regarding two important questions for researchers, regulators, policy makers, and industry professionals about skill-based gambling machines: Who is likely to play these? And Do consumers understand how skill-based gambling machines work? Acknowledgment This research was conducted with assistance from GameCo. The efforts of Mr. Blaine Graboyes and Ms. Danielle Rosenberg to facilitate participant recruitment are greatly appreciated. Funding This work was supported by an Australian Research Council Discovery Early Career Research Award [DE1060100459] awarded to Dr. Sally Gainsbury. In-kind support for this research was provided by GameCo