349 research outputs found
Quantum Communication and Computing With Atomic Ensembles Using Light-Shift Imbalance Induced Blockade
Recently, we have shown that for conditions under which the so-called
light-shift imbalance induced blockade (LSIIB) occurs, the collective
excitation of an ensemble of a multi-level atom can be treated as a closed two
level system. In this paper, we describe how such a system can be used as a
quantum bit (qubit) for quantum communication and quantum computing.
Specifically, we show how to realize a C-NOT gate using the collective qubit
and an easily accessible ring cavity, via an extension of the so-called
Pellizzari scheme. We also describe how multiple, small-scale quantum computers
realized using these qubits can be linked effectively for implementing a
quantum internet. We describe the details of the energy levels and transitions
in 87Rb atom that could be used for implementing these schemes.Comment: 16 pages, 9 figures. Accepted in Phys. Rev.
Fast-Light in a Photorefractive Crystal for Gravitational Wave Detection
We demonstrate superluminal light propagation using two frequency multiplexed
pump beams to produce a gain doublet in a photorefractive crystal of Ce:BaTiO3.
The two gain lines are obtained by two-wave mixing between a probe field and
two individual pump fields. The angular frequencies of the pumps are
symmetrically tuned from the frequency of the probe. The frequency difference
between the pumps corresponds to the separation of the two gain lines; as it
increases, the crystal gradually converts from normal dispersion without
detuning to an anomalously dispersive medium. The time advance is measured as
0.28 sec for a pulse propagating through a medium with a 2Hz gain separation,
compared to the same pulse propagating through empty space. We also demonstrate
directly anomalous dispersion profile using a modfied experimental
configuration. Finally, we discuss how anomalous dispersion produced this way
in a faster photorefractive crystal (such as SPS: Sn2P2S6) could be employed to
enhance the sensitivity-bandwidth product of a LIGO type gravitational wave
detector augmented by a White Light Cavity.Comment: 14 pages, 5 figure
Demonstration of a Tunable-Bandwidth White Light Interferometer using Anomalous Dispersion in Atomic Vapor
Recently, the design of a white-light-cavity has been proposed using negative
dispersion in an intra-cavity medium to make the cavity resonate over a large
range of frequencies and still maintain a high cavity build-up. This paper
presents the demonstration of this effect in a free-space cavity. The negative
dispersion of the intra-cavity medium is caused by bi-frequency Raman gain in
an atomic vapor cell. A significantly broad cavity response over a bandwidth
greater than 20 MHz has been observed. The experimental results agree well with
the theoretical model, taking into account effects of residual absorption. A
key application of this device would be in enhancing the sensitivity-bandwidth
product of the next generation gravitational wave detectors that make use of
the so-called signal-recycling mirror.Comment: 11 Pages, 2 figure
Number(s): 42.50.Ct, 42.50.Gy, 42.60
In this paper, we study several designs for interferometric gravitational wave detectors, and the potential for enhancing their performance with a fast-light medium. First, we explore the effect of such a medium on designs similar to those already planned for Advanced LIGO. Then we review the zero-area Sagnac interferometer for GW detection, comparing its properties against the more conventional GW detector based on a Michelson interferometer. We next describe a modified version of such a detector where the Sagnac interferometer is replaced by a zero-area Sagnac ring resonator fed by an external laser. We then consider a GW detector based on an active, zero-area Sagnac ring resonator, where a gain medium is present inside the cavity. Finally, we show that if a medium with negative dispersion, which yields the fast-light effect, is also present inside this detector, then its sensitivity to GW strain is enhanced by the inverse of the group index of the dispersive medium. We describe conditions under which this enhancement factor could be as large as 10 5
Light-Shift Imbalance Induced Blockade of Collective Excitations Beyond the Lowest Order
Current proposals focusing on neutral atoms for quantum computing are mostly
based on using single atoms as quantum bits (qubits), while using cavity
induced coupling or dipole-dipole interaction for two-qubit operations. An
alternative approach is to use atomic ensembles as qubits. However, when an
atomic ensemble is excited, by a laser beam matched to a two-level transition
(or a Raman transition) for example, it leads to a cascade of many states as
more and more photons are absorbed^1. In order to make use of an ensemble as a
qubit, it is necessary to disrupt this cascade, and restrict the excitation to
the absorption (and emission) of a single photon only. Here, we show how this
can be achieved by using a new type of blockade mechanism, based on the
light-shift imbalance (LSI) in a Raman transition. We describe first a simple
example illustrating the concept of light shift imbalanced induced blockade
(LSIIB) using a multi-level structure in a single atom, and show verifications
of the analytic prediction using numerical simulations. We then extend this
model to show how a blockade can be realized by using LSI in the excitation of
an ensemble. Specifically, we show how the LSIIB process enables one to treat
the ensemble as a two level atom that undergoes fully deterministic Rabi
oscillations between two collective quantum states, while suppressing
excitations of higher order collective states.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figure
Plasmon dispersion in semimetallic armchair graphene nanoribbons
The dispersion relations for plasmons in intrinsic and extrinsic semimetallic
armchair graphene nanoribbons (acGNR) are calculated in the random phase
approximation using the orthogonal p_z-orbital tight binding method. Our model
predicts new plasmons for acGNR of odd atomic widths N=5,11,17,... Our model
further predicts plasmons in acGNR of even atomic width N=2,8,14,... related to
those found using a Dirac continuum model, but with different quantitative
dispersion characteristics. We find that the dispersion of all plasmons in
semimetallic acGNR depends strongly on the localization of the p_z electronic
wavefunctions. We also find that overlap integrals for acGNR behave in a more
complex way than predicted by the Dirac continuum model, suggesting that these
plasmons will experience a small damping for all q not equal to 0. Plasmons in
extrinsic semimetallic acGNR with the chemical potential in the lowest
(highest) conduction (valence) band are found to have dispersion
characteristics nearly identical to their intrinsic counterparts, with
negligible differencs in dispersion arising from the slight differences in
overlap integrals for the interband and intraband transitions.Comment: 8 pages, 9 figure
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