Mathematical Modeling of Structural Integrity on High Rise Building Using Parallel Axis Theorem and Finite Element Analysis

This  study  provides  an  introduction  to  the  concepts  and  principles  of  seismic  design,  including  strategies  for  designing  earthquake­resistant  buildings  to  ensure  the  health,  safety,  and  security  of  building  occupants  and  assets.  There  are  three  main  factors  that  contribute  to  the  successful  seismic  design.  Firstly,  the  design  team  must  consider  a  multi­hazard  approach  in  designing  the  structure  that  accounts for the potential impacts of seismic forces as well as all the major hazards to which an area is  vulnerable.  Secondly,  considerations  need  to  be  made  pertaining  to  the  performance­based  requirements.  This  requirement  may  exceed  the  minimum  life  safety  requirements  of  current  seismic  codes.  Therefore,  the  safety  factor  must  be  established  to  respond  appropriately  to  the  threats  and  risks  posed  by  natural  hazards  on  the  building's  mission  and  occupants.  Thirdly,  since  earthquake  forces are  dynamic  and  each  building  responds according  to  its  own design  complexity,  it  is  essential  that the design team work collaboratively and have a common understanding of the terms and methods  used  in  the  seismic  design  process.  In  addition  to  that,  as  a  general rule,  building  that  is  designed  to  resist earthquakes should also resist blast (terrorism) or wind, suffering less damage.

Implementation of Active Force Control to Reduce Vibration Displacement in Active Mass Damper during Seismic Activity

High structure in this world are using damper as a vibration controller device. The vibration control in a building is very important due to the public safety. In this study, Active Mass Damper (AMD) is used as a building’s structure and tested using Active Force Control (AFC) during the seismic activity. By using a software, two dimensional mathematical models and transfer function, stability of AMD and stability of AMD with AFC was identified, respectively. From the analysis, without AFC, the vibration displacement of AMD is slightly proportional due to amplitude and time. With AFC, the overshoot of the AMD system was reduced to 0% and the relationship between vibration displacement , amplitude and time was nonlinear for each others. For a conclusion, the AFC has a potential to reduce the relationship between vibration, amplitude and time and can gives AMD system more stable

Study Of Transmissibility Of Laminated Rubber-Metal Spring

Laminated rubber-metal bearing has been well-known as a vibration isolator to dissipate vibration energy. However, most of existing works on the bearing especially the mathematical models consider only the performance of the bearing due to the static force. The main objective of this study is therefore to develop mathematical model to characterize the isolation performance of the bearing; called here laminated rubber-metal spring (LRMS). Mathematical models for ‘transmissibility’ are developed by using three different approaches: (i) lumped parameter system, (ii) distributed parameter system and (iii) discrete lumped parameter system. The first approach uses assumption of massless rubber, where the rubber layers are simply modelled by using spring and damper elements. The second approach employs impedance technique derived from wave propagation across a cylindrical rubber. In this approach, the internal resonances can be predicted. And the third approach uses a method of dividing a rubber layer into multiple elements of masses and springs in order to predict the equivalent internal resonance as in the second approach. It is found that by adding more metal plates in the rubber, more resonances exist in the transmissibility which can degrade the isolation performance. However, the isolation at high frequencies is improved compared with that of the spring without embedded metal plates. The resonances can be reduced by adding more damping to the rubber. For the experimental work, the LR-MS samples with five different number of embedded metal plates were fabricated using Standard Malaysian Rubber Constant Viscosity (SMR-CV). A test rig for this purpose was also fabricated based on international standards. The measured data of force transmissibility shows good agreement with the proposed mathematical model. Last but not least, there parametric study is also discussed in this thesis

Development of a Free-Free Transverse Beam Model Using Lateral Vibrations of Beam Conventional Method during Seismic Activity

This paper expresses the derivation of Free-Free Transverse Beam Model using lateral vibration of beam conventional method during Seismic Activity. Derivation from three mathematical models gives coshβLcosβL = 1. Then by numerical software, the graph of those mathematical models is plotted. From the plots, and using equations, the natural frequencies of those three models are identified at values of 389.5 rad/s, 2440.9 rad/s, and 6825 rad/s for ω respectively

Proceeding Of Mechanical Engineering Research Day 2016 (MERD’16)

This Open Access e-Proceeding contains a compilation of 105 selected papers from the Mechanical Engineering Research Day 2016 (MERD’16) event, which is held in Kampus Teknologi, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM) - Melaka, Malaysia, on 31 March 2016. The theme chosen for this event is ‘IDEA. INSPIRE. INNOVATE’. It was gratifying to all of us when the response for MERD’16 is overwhelming as the technical committees received more than 200 submissions from various areas of mechanical engineering. After a peer-review process, the editors have accepted 105 papers for the e-proceeding that cover 7 main themes. This open access e-Proceeding can be viewed or downloaded at www3.utem.edu.my/care/proceedings. We hope that these proceeding will serve as a valuable reference for researchers. With the large number of submissions from the researchers in other faculties, the event has achieved its main objective which is to bring together educators, researchers and practitioners to share their findings and perhaps sustaining the research culture in the university. The topics of MERD’16 are based on a combination of fundamental researches, advanced research methodologies and application technologies. As the editor-in-chief, we would like to express our gratitude to the editorial board and fellow review members for their tireless effort in compiling and reviewing the selected papers for this proceeding. We would also like to extend our great appreciation to the members of the Publication Committee and Secretariat for their excellent cooperation in preparing the proceeding of MERD’16

PID Controller for Vibration Reduction and Performance Improvement of Handheld Tools

This paper proposes a PID Controller to mprove handheld tools performance and at the same time reduce vibration occurs during its operation. Two experiments has been setup to record vibration of handheld drill using accelerometer placed at certain points of the hand drill. Through experiment, the obtained data was analyzed using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and Operational deflection shape (ODS) technique and the data being verify which gives the natural frequency at 476.07Hz which is 5.7% higher that theoretical value. From the data the PID controller is designed and tunes using Ziegler Nichols method which gives peak amplitude at 0.0144 and settling time at 0.45s. From the result it is believed that this proposed controller can reduce the vibration and give good improvement to the handheld tool performance

The New Generation of Building Control Concept to Suppress the Horizontal Vibration during the Earthquake

Most of the current researches are to suppress the vibration during the earthquake for the building and always focused on either full state feedback strategies or velocity strategies. An accurate measurement is a necessary such as displacement and the velocities of the building are difficult to achieve directly, particularly during the seismic activity. In this study, it was proposed that the new generation of building control concept to suppress the horizontal vibration during the earthquake by using an active mass damper (AMD) system. The Lagrange’s, D’Alembert’s and Newton Second Law techniques are used to derive the two dimensional mathematical model of second order differential equation of AMD system. Four diagrams of stability analysis were used to identify the stability of the system before making an experimental and simulation analysis. Regarding the stability analysis, AMD system is good enough to give a positive feedback during the application of the force of vibration. Then, by using MATLAB-SIMULINK, the model was analyzed again in an experimental and simulation analysis. In this analysis, both of the result is reasonably closed where the correlation is more than 95 percent, and this would give positive responses such as time response and amplitude in order to suppress a vibration during the earthquake disaster

Finite Element Analysis on Brake Disc of an Educational All-Terrain-Vehicle

All-terrain vehicle is famously used for various purposes such as in civilian and military.The use of finite element analysis in a preliminary design stage has been demonstrated to be cost and time effective. In this paper, the finite element analysis of a brake disc for All-Terrain-Vehicle (ATV) is demonstrated. Eulerian-Lagrangian method was employed in this work where simple annular ring was used as the disc model. This study is limited to thermal and contact analysis between the disc and brake pad. The results in term of temperature and stresses distribution is obtained and presented. Moreover, the lateral displacement of the disc due to the friction contact is also shown. These results are then used to as a technical guideline in designing brake system for a fully customized ATV

Design of Chassis Frame for All-Terrain Vehicle for Educational Purposes

All-terrain vehicle is famously used for various purposes. The design of the chassis of this vehicle is critical in determining the overall strength. In this paper, the design chassis frame for the use of all-terrain vehicle (ATV) is presented. In designing the chassis frame, a proper design method was employed. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) was utilized to determine the maximum stress and displacement of the frame when a particular load is applied onto it. Structure modifications need to be done if the chassis frame could not sustain the applied load. After the design process is completed, the fabrication of the frame is conducted by students of the engineering faculty. The fabricated frame will be used as the main part for a project of which a complete ATV will be developed. The main purpose of the project is to instill the interest among the student in engineering through the application of classroom

Predicted Transmissibility Of An Experimental Approach For A Laminated Rubber-Metal Spring

This paper presents a study of predicted transmissibility of an experimental approach for a laminated rubber-metal spring.Lumped parameter system approach is used to derive the mathematical model and test rig is designed to validate the analytical results.It is found that increasing the number of metal plates inside natural rubber rod,more internal resonances appear which degrades the isolation performance.However,the system shows better transmissibility at high frequency where the slope rolls off steeper that from the rubber system without the embedded metal plates