Quantum entanglement and quantum phase transition under dissipation in the anisoropic Heisenberg xxz model with the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction

Because the key issue in quantum information and quantum computing is entanglement, the investigation of the effects of environment, as a source of quantum dissipation, and interaction between environment and system on entanglement and quantum phase transition is important. In this paper, we consider two-qubit system in the anisotropic Heisenberg XXZ model with the Dzyaloshinskii-moriya interaction, and accompanied quantum dissipation. Using Lindblad dynamics, the coupling effect and also temperature effect on concurrence, as a measure of entanglement of system, is obtained. The role of DM interaction parameters in the evolution of entanglement is investigated. Furthermore, using derivative of concurrence, the effects of dissipation and DM interaction parameter on quantum phase transition are obtained. It should be noted that spin-orbit interaction or DM parameter intensively influence the process of impressments of dissipation on entanglement measure and quantum phase transition. The current research is very important in the topics of nanometric systems

Investigation of toxic and non-toxic hair trace elements in patients with breast cancer and benign breast diseases

Background: Trace elements are essential for all life forms and play a vital role in human nutrition and biochemical functions. Epidemiologic studies suggest that trace element deficiency may be associated with increased risk of cancer. Materials and Methods: In this study, the levels of a number of the elements in scalp hair samples of 81 people (21 breast cancer patients‌‌, 50 people suffering from benign breast diseases and 10 healthy individuals) were measured by a PIXE analysis. Pellets of hair samples were prepared and bombarded by 2.2 MeV proton beam of a 3 MV Van de Graaff accelerator. Results: The concentrations of S, Cl, K, Ca, Fe and Cu in the hair of healthy individuals are in agreement with those observed in the hair of the benign breast disease and cancer patients within the standard deviations. There was a significant decrease in the mean total of Zn in scalp hair samples of the cancer patients compared to the control group. The average scalp hair concentrations of Pb, Br were higher in the benign breast disease and cancer patients than the healthy control. Conclusion: If the deficiency or excess of a particular trace element can be linked to the cancer of an organ, such studies can be initiated to see whether controlled administering of that elements would check the growth of cancer, which ultimately can pave the way for developing a new drug to be used in chemotherapy for cancer