SUPERCRITICAL CARBON DIOXIDE EXTRACTION OF CITRONELLA OIL FROM CYMBOPOGON WINTERIANUS USING TAGUCHI ORTHOGONAL ARRAY DESIGN

Objective: Optimum condition for the extraction of citronella oil from citronella (Cymbopogon winterianus) using supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) was investigated.Methods: In order to determine the optimum extraction condition, a Taguchi experiment with L9 orthogonal array design was used. Effects of pressure, temperature and dynamic extraction time on citronella oil yield were investigated at levels ranging between 10-15 MPa, 35-45 °C and 60-180 min, respectively.Results: The highest citronella oil yield (3.206%) was achieved at a factor combination of 15 MPa, 50 °C and 180 min. The obtained citronella oil yield from SC-CO2 extraction was higher than that of percolation as the solvent extraction method using ethanol, which gave a citronella oil yield of 1.4%. The experimental oil yield at optimum condition was in accordance to the values predicted by a computational process using Taguchi method. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) with 95% confidence interval indicates that extraction temperature is the most significant factor in maximizing citronella oil yield, followed by dynamic extraction time and pressure.Conclusion: Optimization process for oil yield from SC-CO2extraction of citronella (Cymbopogon winterianus) was successfully performed using Taguchi L9 orthogonal array design. This study demonstrates that Taguchi method was able to simplify the experimental procedure of SC-CO2 process.Â

SUPERCRITICAL CARBON DIOXIDE EXTRACTION OF MANGO GINGER (CURCUMA MANGGA ROXB.): PROCESS OPTIMIZATION USING TAGUCHI METHOD

Objective: Extraction of Curcuma mangga (C. mangga) using supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) was investigated to provide information about the optimum extraction condition. Methods: A Taguchi method with L9 orthogonal array design was used to determine the optimum extraction conditions. Effects of extraction pressure, temperature, CO2 flow rate and dynamic extraction time on C. mangga oil yield were investigated at levels ranging between 150-350 bar, 40-60 °C, 10-20 g/min and 120-240 min, respectively. Results: The highest C. mangga oil yield (5.223%) from SC-CO2 extraction was obtained at a pressure of 350 bar, temperature of 60 °C, CO2 flow rate of 20 g/min and dynamic extraction time of 240 min. The experimental C. mangga oil yield at optimum condition was in a good agreement with the values predicted by computational process using Taguchi method. Based on S/N ratio calculation, the most influencing parameters in maximizing C. mangga oil yield is extraction temperature, followed by extraction pressure, dynamic extraction time and CO2 flow rate. Conclusion: In this study, Taguchi method was successfully applied to optimize SC-CO2 extraction of C. mangga. Taguchi method was able to simplify the experimental procedure of SC-CO2 extraction