Fabrication and Characterization of Electrostatic Quantum Dots in a Si/SiGe 2D Electron Gas, Including an Integrated Read-out Channel

A new fabrication technique is used to produce quantum dots with read-out channels in silicon/silicon-germanium two-dimensional electron gases. The technique utilizes Schottky gates, placed on the sides of a shallow etched quantum dot, to control the electronic transport process. An adjacent quantum point contact gate is integrated to the side gates to define a read-out channel and thus allow for noninvasive detection of the electronic occupation of the quantum dot. Reproducible and stable Coulomb oscillations and the corresponding jumps in the read-out channel resistance are observed at low temperatures. The fabricated dot combined with the read-out channel represent a step towards the spin-based quantum bit in Si/SiGe heterostructures.Comment: 3 pages, 4 fig

Neutrosophic Adaptive LSB and Deep Learning Hybrid Framework for ECG Signal Classification

This paper proposes a novel hybrid framework for ECG signal classification and privacy preservation. The framework includes two phases: the first phase uses LSTM+CNN with attention gate for ECG classification, while the second phase utilizes adaptive least signal bit with neutrosophic for hiding important data during transmission. The proposed framework converts data into three sets of degrees (true, false, and intermediate) using neutrosophic and passes them to an embedding layer. In the sender part, the framework hides important data in ECG signal as true and false degrees, using the intermediate set as a shared dynamic key between sender and receiver. The receiver can reconstruct the important data using the shared dynamic key or the intermediate set. The proposed framework is more robust against attacks compared to other methods

A multilabel classification approach for complex human activities using a combination of emerging patterns and fuzzy sets

In our daily lives, humans perform different Activities of Daily Living (ADL), such as cooking, and studying. According to the nature of humans, they perform these activities in a sequential/simple or an overlapping/complex scenario. Many research attempts addressed simple activity recognition, but complex activity recognition is still a challenging issue. Recognition of complex activities is a multilabel classification problem, such that a test instance is assigned to a multiple overlapping activities. Existing data-driven techniques for complex activity recognition can recognize a maximum number of two overlapping activities and require a training dataset of complex (i.e. multilabel) activities. In this paper, we propose a multilabel classification approach for complex activity recognition using a combination of Emerging Patterns and Fuzzy Sets. In our approach, we require a training dataset of only simple (i.e. single-label) activities. First, we use a pattern mining technique to extract discriminative features called Strong Jumping Emerging Patterns (SJEPs) that exclusively represent each activity. Then, our scoring function takes SJEPs and fuzzy membership values of incoming sensor data and outputs the activity label(s). We validate our approach using two different dataset. Experimental results demonstrate the efficiency and superiority of our approach against other approaches

Ultrastructural and Molecular Changes in the Developing Small Intestine of the Toad Bufo regularis

The ontogenetic development of the small intestine of the toad Bufo regularis was investigated using twofold approaches, namely, ultrastructural and molecular. The former has been done using transmission electron microscope and utilizing the developmental stages 42, 50, 55, 60, 63, and 66. The most prominent ultrastructural changes were recorded at stage 60 and were more evident at stage 63. These included the appearance of apoptotic bodies/nuclei within the larval epithelium, the presence of macrophages, swollen mitochondria, distorted rough endoplasmic reticulum, chromatin condensation, and irregular nuclear envelop, and the presence of large vacuoles and lysosomes. The molecular investigation involved examining DNA content and fragmentation. The results showed that the DNA content decreased significantly during the metamorphic stages 60 and 63 compared with both larval (50 and 55) and postmetamorphic (66) stages. The metamorphic stages (60 and 63) displayed extensive DNA laddering compared with stages 50, 55, and 66. The percentage of DNA damage was 0.00%, 12.91%, 57.26%, 45.48%, and 4.43% for the developmental stages 50, 55, 60, 63, and 66, respectively. In conclusion, the recorded remodeling of the small intestine represents a model for clarifying the mechanism whereby cell death and proliferation are controlled

Performance Evaluation of Power Efficient Mechanisms on Multimedia over LTE-A Networks

Power optimization is a critical challenge in multimedia services over cellular communication systems. Long Term Evolution-Advanced (LTE-A) has been developed for higher bandwidth access for accommodating today’s heavy data applications to provide better performance. Idle mode permits cellularstations to manipulate power and sources with the aid of limiting its activity for discrete periods and this eliminates the lively requirement for handover and other ordinary operations. Also, provides a periodical method for the cell station for pending downlink traffic directed to the cellularstation and as a result gets rid network handover traffic from basically inactive cellular stations. Discontinuous Reception (DRX) has been carried out to decrease the power intake of the consumer device, and transmission of big quantity of data. At data transfer, mobile device and the network phases negotiation occur. During other times, the device turns its receiver off and enters a low power state. Thereby similarly assisting numerous services and big quantities of information transmissions. This study prepossession of a massive quantity of data. Also proposes the two-power optimization modes idle mode and DRX mode parameters to achieve maximum possible power saving with the higher quality of multimedia services. Furthermore, the effectiveness of using DRX short cycles and DRX long cycles on multimedia services and the overall performance. Using OPNET Simulator 17.5, it concluded that DRX mechanism is preferred to operate compared with the Idle mechanism, also resulted that the DRX long cycles are a very good choice for all multimedia services and the overall network performance

Pauli spin susceptibility of a strongly correlated two-dimensional electron liquid

Thermodynamic measurements reveal that the Pauli spin susceptibility of strongly correlated two-dimensional electrons in silicon grows critically at low electron densities - behavior that is characteristic of the existence of a phase transition.Comment: As publishe

Effect of FK 506 chronic administration on bromosulphthalein hepatic excretion in rats

There are several reports dealing with the hepatic effect of FK 506,1–4 some of which are beneficial while others are adverse. Because the liver is a major target organ that is often the site of drug toxicity, studies directed at determining whether FK 506 affects specific hepatic function and/or its histologic appearance are important. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to examine bromosulphthalein (BSP) elimination kinetics in rats as a sensitive index of hepatic excretory function under the influence of FK 506 in the rat

The sucrose transporter HbSUT3 plays an active role in sucrose loading to laticifer and rubber productivity in exploited trees of Hevea brasiliensis (para rubber tree)

Efficient sucrose loading in rubber-producing cells (laticifer cells) is essential for retaining rubber productivity in Hevea brasiliensis, but the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of this process remain unknown. Here, we functionally characterized a putative Hevea SUT member, HbSUT3, mainly in samples from regularly exploited trees. When expressed in yeast, HbSUT3 encodes a functional sucrose transporter that exhibits high sucrose affinity with a Km value of 1.24 mm at pH 4.0, and possesses features typical of sucrose/H+ symporters. In planta, when compared to the expression of other Hevea SUT genes, HbSUT3 was found to be the predominant member expressed in the rubber-containing cytoplasm (latex) of laticifers. The comparison of HbSUT3 expression among twelve Hevea tissues demonstrates a relatively tissue-specific pattern, i.e. expression primarily in the latex and in female flowers. HbSUT3 expression is induced by the latex stimulator Ethrel (an ethylene generator), and relates to its yield-stimulating effect. Tapping (the act of rubber harvesting) markedly increased the expression of HbSUT3, whereas wounding alone had little effect. Moreover, the expression of HbSUT3 was found to be positively correlated with latex yield. Taken together, our results provide evidence favouring the involvement of HbSUT3 in sucrose loading into laticifers and in rubber productivity