983 research outputs found
Interplay between disorder and local field effects in photonic crystal waveguides
We introduce a theory to describe disorder-induced scattering in photonic
crystal waveguides, specifically addressing the influence of local field
effects and scattering within high-index-contrast perturbations. Local field
effects are shown to increase the predicted disorder-induced scattering loss
and result in significant resonance shifts of the waveguide mode. We
demonstrate that two types of frequency shifts can be expected, a mean
frequency shift and a RMS frequency shift, both acting in concert to blueshift
and broaden the nominal band structure. For a representative waveguide, we
predict substantial meV frequency shifts and band structure broadening for a
telecommunications operating frequency, even for state of the art fabrication.
The disorder-induced broadening is found to increase as the propagation
frequency approaches the slow light regime (mode edge) due to restructuring of
the electric field distribution. These findings have a dramatic impact on
high-index-contrast nanoscale waveguides, and, for photonic crystal waveguides,
suggest that the nominal slow-light mode edge may not even exist. Furthermore,
our results shed new light on why it has hitherto been impossible to observe
the very slow light regime for photonic crystal waveguides.Comment: 4 page lette
Theory of disorder-induced multiple coherent scattering in photonic crystal waveguides
We introduce a theoretical formalism to describe disorder-induced extrinsic
scattering in slow-light photonic crystal waveguides. This work details and
extends the optical scattering theory used in a recent \emph{Physical Review
Letter} [M. Patterson \emph{et al.}, \emph{Phys. Rev. Lett.} \textbf{102},
103901 (2009)] to describe coherent scattering phenomena and successfully
explain complex experimental measurements. Our presented theory, that combines
Green function and coupled mode methods, allows one to self-consistently
account for arbitrary multiple scattering for the propagating electric field
and recover experimental features such as resonances near the band edge. The
technique is fully three-dimensional and can calculate the effects of disorder
on the propagating field over thousands of unit cells. As an application of
this theory, we explore various sample lengths and disordered instances, and
demonstrate the profound effect of multiple scattering in the waveguide
transmission. The spectra yield rich features associated with disorder-induced
localization and multiple scattering, which are shown to be exasperated in the
slow light propagation regime
Photonic Crystal Nanobeam Cavity Strongly Coupled to the Feeding Waveguide
A deterministic design of an ultrahigh Q, wavelength scale mode volume
photonic crystal nanobeam cavity is proposed and experimentally demonstrated.
Using this approach, cavities with Q>10^6 and on-resonance transmission T>90%
are designed. The devices fabricated in Si and capped with low-index polymer,
have Q=80,000 and T=73%. This is, to the best of our knowledge, the highest
transmission measured in deterministically designed, wavelength scale high Q
cavities
Radiation from elementary sources in a uniaxial wire medium
We investigate the radiation properties of two types of elementary sources
embedded in a uniaxial wire medium: a short dipole parallel to the wires and a
lumped voltage source connected across a gap in a generic metallic wire. It is
demonstrated that the radiation pattern of these elementary sources have quite
anomalous and unusual properties. Specifically, the radiation pattern of a
short vertical dipole resembles that of an isotropic radiator close to the
effective plasma frequency of the wire medium, whereas the radiation from the
lumped voltage generator is characterized by an infinite directivity and a
non-diffractive far-field distribution.Comment: 10 pages, 4 figure
Current noise of a quantum dot p-i-n junction in a photonic crystal
The shot-noise spectrum of a quantum dot p-i-n junction embedded inside a
three-dimensional photonic crystal is investigated. Radiative decay properties
of quantum dot excitons can be obtained from the observation of the current
noise. The characteristic of the photonic band gap is revealed in the current
noise with discontinuous behavior. Applications of such a device in
entanglement generation and emission of single photons are pointed out, and may
be achieved with current technologies.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. B (2005
Radiation pattern of a classical dipole in a photonic crystal: photon focusing
The asymptotic analysis of the radiation pattern of a classical dipole in a
photonic crystal possessing an incomplete photonic bandgap is presented. The
far-field radiation pattern demonstrates a strong modification with respect to
the dipole radiation pattern in vacuum. Radiated power is suppressed in the
direction of the spatial stopband and strongly enhanced in the direction of the
group velocity, which is stationary with respect to a small variation of the
wave vector. An effect of radiated power enhancement is explained in terms of
\emph{photon focusing}. Numerical example is given for a square-lattice
two-dimensional photonic crystal. Predictions of asymptotic analysis are
substantiated with finite-difference time-domain calculations, revealing a
reasonable agreement.Comment: Submitted to Phys. Rev.
Polarization switching and nonreciprocity in symmetric and asymmetric magnetophotonic multilayers with nonlinear defect
A one-dimensional magnetophotonic crystal with a nonlinear defect placed
either symmetrically or asymmetrically inside the structure is considered.
Simultaneous effects of time-reversal nonreciprocity and nonlinear spatial
asymmetry in the structure are studied. Bistable response is demonstrated in a
such system, accompanied by abrupt polarization switching between two circular
or elliptical polarizations for transmitted and reflected waves. The effect is
explained in terms of field localization at defect-mode spectral resonances and
can be used in the design of thin-film optical isolators and polarization
transformation devices.Comment: 20 pages, 8 figure
Impact of heavy hole-light hole coupling on optical selection rules in GaAs quantum dots
We report strong heavy hole-light mixing in GaAs quantum dots grown by
droplet epitaxy. Using the neutral and charged exciton emission as a monitor we
observe the direct consequence of quantum dot symmetry reduction in this strain
free system. By fitting the polar diagram of the emission with simple
analytical expressions obtained from kp theory we are able to extract
the mixing that arises from the heavy-light hole coupling due to the
geometrical asymmetry of the quantum dot.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure
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