The correlation between major dietary patterns, Physical activity and blood fat composition in children and teenagers of Minoodar neighborhood of the city of Gazvin, Iran

Intruduction Studies have indicated the prevalence of dyslipidemia in childhood and teenager. It has been proven that eating habits, which are usually formed at early ages of childhood or teenager, could affect people’s health later in life. This study aims at finding the correlation between major dietary patterns and blood lipid composition in children and teenagers of Minoodar neighborhood of the city of Qazvin. Metod In this study 321 people aged between 10 and18 were elected. Each person’s food intake was collected through a Food Frequency Questionnaire. Venous blood samples were taken from all cases after a 12-hour fasting. The correlation between major dietary patterns and blood lipid composition was measure by ANCOVA. Results Almost half of the participants (154 out of 301) were female (51.2%) and the rest (147 out of 301) were male (48.8%). They had an average age of 15.8 years old. In comparison with standard sample, the levels of Hypertriglyceridemia, Hypercholesterolemia, High LDL Cholesterol and Low HDL Cholesterol in that age group were 17.7, 5.1, 3.7 and 36% respectively67.1 percent of the cases had normal BMI and there was no significant difference in the serum lipid composition [total Cholesterol(p= 0.813), Triglyceride(p=0.313), LDL Cholesterol(p=0.978), HDL cholesterol(p=0.114) and fat intake(p=0.94) and BMI(p=0/09)] between boys and girls, though the amount of energy(p=0.012), protein(p=0.012), and carbohydrate intakes(p=0.001) in boys were significantly higher than girls.In total, 31.1 percent of teenagers had low physical activity, 24.1% had moderate physical activity and only 44.6% had high physical activity. There was also significant difference in physical activity between girls and boys. That means boys had higher physical activities than girls (p=0.001). By the use of factor analysis method three dietary patterns were identified. It showed that there is no significant difference between blood lipid composition and body mass index in quartile of each dietary pattern. As we took age, gender, BMI, energy intake and physical activity as confounders, adjusting these confounding factors, also showed no relation between blood lipid and any of those identified dietary patterns. This study shows no significant association between blood lipid composition and any of three identified dietary patterns There has been no significant difference between physical activity levels and dietary patterns quartile[(p=0.09),(p=0.75),(p=0.51)]. Conclusion The researcher suggests additional surveys with a larger sample in order to identify the dietary patterns, physical activity levels and blood lipid composition among teenagers Key words Diet, adolescent, lipids, factor analysi

Relation between Healthy Eating Index and Resting Metabolic Rate

Background and Objectives: Previouse studies demonstrated inverse association between healthy eating index and alot of chronic diseases like cardiovascular disease and cancer and mortality. Since there are limited study about relation between healthy eating index and reting metabolic rate. considering the results of some studies about the relation between weight, body composition and blood suger and considering the association between these factores and RMR,  the aim of this study is to investigate this association.   Methods: this study is a cross sectional study that was conducted on  256 subjects who were above 18 years old. Body composition, resting metabolic rate, were evaluated.  Dietary intakes including macronutrient and energy intake of participant were mentioned using a validated  food frequency questionnaire 168 items. resting metabolic rate was evaluated by inderect calorymetry(MetaLyzer 3B-R3) and body composition was assested by Multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analyzer InBody 770 scanner (InBody co, Seoul, Korea).To evalute relation between healthy eating index with body composition and resting metabolic rate, ANCOVA was used. Also curve estimation was performed to find linear association between RMR and HEI.   Result: this study did not found significant relation between healthy eating index and resting metabolic rate in both gender(men: p=0.83, women: p= 0.9). The score of healthy eating index in men was higher than women and with age increased, the score of healthy eating index increased.   Conclusion: Current study did not demostrate  any  significant differences between resting metabolic rate and body composition in tertiles of healthy eating index

Association of sleep quality with watching TV, computer games and caffeine intake in adolescents of Minoodar district, Qazvin

Background: Insufficient sleep or poor sleep quality affect learning, memory and performance and cause behavioral disorders. Watching television (TV), using computer and internet, playing computer games, and caffeine intake are of factors affecting sleep quality. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the association of sleep quality with watching TV, computer games and caffeine intake in adolescents of Minoodar district, Qazvin41T. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in 319 adolescents (10 to 18 years old) that were selected by multistage cluster random sampling method during 2010-2011. Demographic data and data on duration of playing computer games and watching TV were collected. Food frequency questionnaire and BEARS questionnaire were completed. Data were analyzed using Chi-square test, logistic regression analysis and ANOVA. Findings: Mean age was15±2.43 years41T. Of 319 adolescents, 162 (50.8%) were female41T. The duration of watching TV or video41T was not significantly different41T between boys and girls. The duration of playing computer or video games41T was statistically different41T between boys and girls. There was no correlation between sleep quality and duration of watching TV or videos in a day, duration of playing computer or video games in a day, and caffeine intake in adolescents. Conclusions: With regards to the results, it seems that there is no association between sleep quality and watching TV, playing computer games and caffeine intake. Keywords: Sleep, Caffeine, Video Games, Adolescen

Assessment of nutritional support in head trauma patients in Neurosurgery Intensive Care Unit

Background & Objective: Nutritional support is a basic process for survival in trauma patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the daily nutritional support practice in head injury patients admitted to Neurosurgery Intensive Care Unit.   Materials & Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was done on 115 Head injury adults patients who received enteral nutrition for at least 48h in Rasht Poursina hospital during 2005. Nutritional measurements were included the number of patients who received enteral nutrition, the time to initiate nutritional support, amount of initial feeding and clinical outcome were included the duration of mechanical ventilation, ICU and in-hospital length of stay (loss), in-hospital mortality rates .Data was reported as Mean±SD and percent. T-test analysis was used for comparing of calorie and nutrient intakes and requirements.   Results: Mean±SD of age patient was 41.22±21.9, 84% of patients received enteral nutrition. The time to feeding and the amount of initial feeding was 4.6±1 day and 52.79±27.83 ml/h respectively. Duration of ventilation was 12±13.4 day and ICU length of stay 18.96±18.3 day, Hospital length of stays 24.47±19.84 day. Mortality rate in six month was 48%. Mean of energy, carbohydrate, fat and protein (P<0.05) intakes had significant differences compared with requirements.   Conclusion: The recording process has revealed undesirable feeding practice in head injury patients. Nutritional outcomes would be improved with implementation of standard protocol in neurosurgery intensive care unit

The impact of general health and social support on health promoting lifestyle in the first year postpartum: the structural equation modelling

Background and aim: Postpartum is a critical period for mothers which often leads to neglect of their own health. Mothers’ new responsibilities may affect their health promoting lifestyle (HPL). The aim of this study was to determine the impact of both general health and social support on health-promoting lifestyle. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 310 women who gave birth over a one-year period in Zanjan (Iran), 2016. A proportionate stratified random sampling technique was used to select respondents from each stratum. Health-promoting lifestyle was assessed using the health-promoting lifestyle profile II (HPLP II) scale. A structure equation model (SEM) was used to determine the relationship between observed and latent variables. Data were analysed using SPSS version 22 and LISREL 8.5 software. Results: The age of 42.6% of the participants was more than 30 years and 40.3% of them had an academic education. The mean score of the health-promoting lifestyle was 131.28 (15.37). The structural equation model fitted well with RMSEA =0.07, CFI=0.92, and GFI=0.94. Among the latent factors, general health, with a factor load of -0.68, had greater impact on health-promoting lifestyle than social support. Moreover, there was a significant correlation (-0.63) between general health and perceived social support in the postpartum period. Conclusion: health-promoting lifestyle was not at appropriate levels among women in the first year after delivery. These findings suggest that strengthening general health and social support would improve a health- promoting lifestyle in Iranian postpartum women