Exploring satisfaction and outcomes in rhinoplasty: experience from a tertiary care hospital in Kashmir valley, India

Background: Augmentation rhinoplasty is a popular yet challenging procedure that aims to improve both the nasal appearance and quality of life of patients. The purpose of this study was to examine the satisfaction and outcome after augmentation rhinoplasty at a tertiary care hospital in Kashmir valley. Methods: The study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Kashmir valley among patients who underwent the procedure using autologous cartilage grafts at the ENT department from October 2021 to December 2021. The sample size was 56. The patients age, gender, pre-operative findings, surgical techniques, post-operative outcomes, complications, and corrective interventions were recorded. The rhinoplasty outcome evaluation questionnaire was used to evaluate the patients' pre and post-operative status, with outcome assessed three months after surgery. Results: The present study included 56 patients which comprised of 39 (69.64%) males. The mean age of patients was 41±9.6 years. The indication for surgery was a mix of aesthetic and functional reasons in 56% subjects with 78% undergoing a primary surgery. The mean pre-operative score on the ROE questionnaire was 9.21±0.8 which improved to a mean score of 19.56±1.1 at three months after surgery. Overall 75% (42/56) patients reported a post operative ROE score of ≥80%. There was a significant improvement in all domains assessed by the ROE questionnaire, including appearance and function. Conclusions: Augmentation rhinoplasty can provide satisfactory aesthetic and functional outcomes for patients with nose deformities with consistent improvement across all domains related to aesthetics and functionality

Effect of television watching on vision of school children in semi urban area of Kashmir

Background: Schoolchildren form an important target group as any ocular morbidity in this age group has huge physical, psychological and socio-economical implications. Considering the fact that one-third of India's blind lose their eyesight before the age of 20 years and many of them are under five years when they become blind, early detection and treatment of ocular morbidity among children is important. This study aims to highlight the prevalence of ocular morbidity in governmental schools in a sub-urbanized area of India. Research question of current study was to study the Effect of TV watching on vision in school children.Methods: Study area: Government schools in a sub-urbanized area of India. Sample size: 1128 school children from class 5th to 12th. Study design: A cross-sectional study was conducted and the study population comprised of school children who were examined in their schools and afterwards referred to the hospital if required. Data was gathered using a questionnaire, snellens charts and retinoscopes. Statistical analysis: simple proportion. Data was analysed statistically using SPSS software, version 14.Results: 1128 children were examined. Percentage of male children was 42.73% and females were 57.18%. Ocular abnormality was detected in 21.3% children with refractive errors contributing 18.26%, conjunctivitis-1.95%, blepheritis-0.62%, dacrocystitis-0.17%, stye-0.35%, color blindness-0%. It was also observed that children watching TV for less than 1 hour had  visual acuity of 6/6 in 42.4%, whereas children watching TV for 1-2 hours, 2-3 hours and >3 hours had lower  visual acuity.Conclusion: It was concluded that moderate to high prevalence of ocular morbidity among high school children is present in block Hazratbal. Finally, the aim of all blindness control programs should be to propagate awareness in the masses of eye care and to teach the essentials of ocular hygiene and eye healthcare.

Comparative Biochemical Evaluation of Schizothorax niger and Cyprinus carpio from River Jhelum of Kashmir Valley

ABSTRACT The present study was conducted to evaluate the comparative biochemical profile of Schizothorax niger (endemic fish) and Cyprinus carpio (exotic fish) from the River Jhelum seasonally for a period of two years. .98 mg/dl). In both the fish hosts the higher biochemical values were recorded in the summer season and the lower values in the winter season during the study period. The seasonal differences in the biochemical parameters of the fish can be attributed to the water pollution of River Jhelum by various contaminants including metals and the comparative higher values in Schizothorax niger can be speculated to be due to the higher sensitivity of the host. From the present study it may be inferred that the change in biochemical parameters of the native fish would be one of the reasons for its decline from fresh water resources of the Kashmir Valley

Biochemical, Histopathological and Therapeutic Studies in Alloxan- and Streptozotocin-induced Diabetes Mellitus in Rabbits.

The present experimental study was designed to establish diabetes mellitus in New Zealand white rabbits using diabetogenic drugs so as to investigate/elucidate biochemical, histopathological and behavioural changes/complications. In one group of rabbits diabetes mellitus was induced by intraperitoneal administration of alloxan (@ 80 mg/kg b.w.) and the other group of rabbits was made diabetic using intravenous administration of streptozotocin (@ 65 mg/kg b.w.).Another group of rabbits was kept as control (normal healthy) which received normal saline. The establishment of diabetes mellitus in rabbits was confirmed by periodical elevated levels of fasting blood glucose, blood urea and serum creatinine. The subsequent effect of hyperglycemia on tissue morphology of diabetic rabbits was studied by processing of different organs viz., pancreas, kidneys, liver, lungs, heart, brain and gut of both diabetic and normal rabbits for histological/hiostopathological study using Haematoxylin and Eosin stain and modified Gomori’s staining technique.Digital copy of Thesis.University of Kashmir

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Not AvailableSaffron, the desiccated stigmas of Crocus sativus, is recognized for its attractive color, flavor, and aroma which are due to the accumulation of crocin, picrocrocin, and safranal, respectively. HPLC analysis demonstrated maximum apocarotenoid accumulation during the fully developed scarlet stage of stigma development followed by the orange and yellow stages of stigma development. Reverse Transcription-PCR analysis revealed a concurrent expression pattern of CsZCD and CsLYC genes in a developmental stagespecific manner. However, CsBCH and CsGT2 genes were specifically expressed during the mature, scarlet stage of stigma development. Real-Time PCR analysis showed a sharp increase in gene expression of CsLYC gene during stigma development indicative of its possible regulatory role in apocarotenoid biosynthesis or stigma development. Results suggest that genetic manipulation of this gene can help to improve the quality of stigma in saffron; besides highlighting its potential to monitor stigma development during in vitro experimentation.Not Availabl

Safety of Intramedullary Autologous Peripheral Nerve Grafts for Post-Rehabilitated Complete Motor Spinal Cord Injuries: A Phase I Study

Many experimental studies have reported behavioral improvement after transplantation of peripheral nerve tissue into the contused spinal cord, even in large animals. The safety of this treatment in human remains unknown. In this translational phase 1 study, safety of peripheral nerve grafting for chronic spinal cord injuries and possible outcomes are being reported. Twelve complete motor spinal cord injury patients, who had finished their rehabilitation program, were enrolled. There were 4 thoracic and 8 cervical cases. Patients underwent sural nerve preconditioning in the calf, followed 1 week later, by intramedullary transplantation of the harvested nerve fascicles. The patients were followed up for potential complications periodically, and final assessment by American Spinal Injury association (ASIA) and Spinal Cord Independence Measure (SCIM) III were reported after 2 years of follow-up. The median duration of the spinal cord injury was 31 months. At two years of follow up, out of 7 cases with ASIA Impairment Scale (AIS) A, 4(57.1%) cases improved to AIS B and 1 (14.3%) case became AIS C. There were 1 patient with transient increased spasm, one case of transient cystitis, 3 patients with transient increased neuropathic pain and 1 case with transient episode of autonomic dysreflexia, all being managed medically. There was no case of donor site infection. The above complications were transient as they responded to temporary medical treatment. It may be deduced that after two years follow-up of patients that the procedure may be safe, however further controlled studies are needed to prove its efficacy