47 research outputs found

    Transcriptional Upregulation of NLRC5 by Radiation Drives STING- and Interferon-Independent MHC-I Expression on Cancer Cells and T Cell Cytotoxicity.

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    Radiation therapy has been shown to enhance the efficacy of various T cell-targeted immunotherapies that improve antigen-specific T cell expansion, T regulatory cell depletion, or effector T cell function. Additionally, radiation therapy has been proposed as a means to recruit T cells to the treatment site and modulate cancer cells as effector T cell targets. The significance of these features remains unclear. We set out to determine, in checkpoint inhibitor resistant models, which components of radiation are primarily responsible for overcoming this resistance. In order to model the vaccination effect of radiation, we used a Listeria monocytogenes based vaccine to generate a large population of tumor antigen specific T cells but found that the presence of cells with cytotoxic capacity was unable to replicate the efficacy of radiation with combination checkpoint blockade. Instead, we demonstrated that a major role of radiation was to increase the susceptibility of surviving cancer cells to CD8+ T cell-mediated control through enhanced MHC-I expression. We observed a novel mechanism of genetic induction of MHC-I in cancer cells through upregulation of the MHC-I transactivator NLRC5. These data support the critical role of local modulation of tumors by radiation to improve tumor control with combination immunotherapy

    Relevance of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in breast cancer

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    Régimes transitoires d'écoulements newtoniens et pseudoplastiques

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    On résout théoriquement et numériquement le problème des démarrages d'écoulements de fluides à comportement netwtonien ou pseudoplastique. Les gradients de pression à l'origine des écoulements sont soit constants soit fonction du temps. Une méthode expérimentale d'étude est aussi proposée. Les résultats présentés montrent l'influence de divers paramètres rhéologiques, hydrodynamiques ou géométriques sur la durée de tels régimes transitoires d'écoulement

    Régimes transitoires d'écoulements newtoniens et pseudoplastiques

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    The effects of rheological, hydrodynamic and geometrical parameters are examined by solving the Navier-Stokes equations by using different mathematical techniques with regard to start-up flows. An experimental method is therefore proposed. The flows are subjected to a constant pressure gradient or to an unsteady one. The fluids studied exhibit either newtonian or pseudoplastic behaviour. The results presented here show the influence of different parameters upon the duration of this start-up.On résout théoriquement et numériquement le problème des démarrages d'écoulements de fluides à comportement netwtonien ou pseudoplastique. Les gradients de pression à l'origine des écoulements sont soit constants soit fonction du temps. Une méthode expérimentale d'étude est aussi proposée. Les résultats présentés montrent l'influence de divers paramètres rhéologiques, hydrodynamiques ou géométriques sur la durée de tels régimes transitoires d'écoulement
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