C4Synth: Cross-Caption Cycle-Consistent Text-to-Image Synthesis

Generating an image from its description is a challenging task worth solving because of its numerous practical applications ranging from image editing to virtual reality. All existing methods use one single caption to generate a plausible image. A single caption by itself, can be limited, and may not be able to capture the variety of concepts and behavior that may be present in the image. We propose two deep generative models that generate an image by making use of multiple captions describing it. This is achieved by ensuring 'Cross-Caption Cycle Consistency' between the multiple captions and the generated image(s). We report quantitative and qualitative results on the standard Caltech-UCSD Birds (CUB) and Oxford-102 Flowers datasets to validate the efficacy of the proposed approach.Comment: To appear in the proceedings of IEEE Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision, WACV-201

Dynamic Detection of Packet Losses by CRDP

TCP has provided the primary means to transfer data reliably across the Internet, however TCP has imposed limitations on several applications. Measurement and estimation of packet loss characteristics are challenging due to the relatively rare occurrence and typically short duration of packet loss episodes. While active probe tools are commonly used to measure packet loss on end-toend paths, there has been little analysis of the accuracy of these tools or their impact on the network. The main objective is to understand the problem of detecting whether a compromised router is maliciously manipulating its stream of packets. In particular to this concern a simple yet effective attack in which a router selectively drops packets destined for some Victim. Unfortunately, it is quite challenging to attribute a missing packet to a malicious action because normal network congestion can produce the same effect. Modern networks routinely drop packets when the load temporarily exceeds their buffering capacities. Previous detection protocols have tried to address this problem with a user-definedthreshold: too many dropped packets imply malicious intent. However, this heuristic is fundamentally unsound; setting this threshold is, at best, an art and will certainly create unnecessary false positives or mask highly focused attacks

Fetal Dopaminergic Neurons Transplanted to the Normal Striatum of Neonatal or Adult Rats and to the Denervated Striatum of Adult Rats

Fetal ventral mesencephalon from the 15th gestational day was grafted into the striatum of neonatal and adult rats. In one group of adult rats, fetal nigra was transplanted into normal striatum. In a second group, the tissue was transplanted at sites where dopaminergic fibers were denervated with 6-hydroxydopamine. The behavior of the dopaminergic neurons and glial reactions were studied by staining with cresyl violet to localize the transplants and by immunolabeling tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and glial fibrillary acidic protein. In normal adults, the transplants were small. At the edge of the transplants, TH-positive neurons were packed into clusters, and an interface without any significant crossover of TH-positive fibers was present. Glial reaction was minimal in and around the transplant. In the denervated striatum, transplants were generally larger than those in normal striatum and surrounded by a glial scar. TH-positive neurons were both closely packed and loosely arranged at the periphery of the transplants. Processes could be clearly defined and could be traced to the adjacent host striatum through the TH-free denervated area. In neonates, the transplants were large and at times extended beyond the striatum. Most TH-positive neurons were arranged linearly along the periphery of the transplant. Cell bodies were widely separated and a well-developed neuropil was present. Fibers from the transplant mingled freely with the host striatum without any interface. In all three transplant groups, tracing the TH-positive neurites was easy because they were thicker and coarser than other elements. No apparent glial reaction occurred in the neonates. Thus, the growth and maturation of dopaminergic neurons seemed to vary in different environments. The most conducive environment appears to be neonatal brain in which growth factors are readily available

Applications of Machine Learning for Fake News Detection in Social Networks

The value of online media for getting news is questionable. People seek out and devour news from online media because it is convenient, inexpensive, and widely disseminated. In contrast, it facilitates the widespread distribution of "counterfeit news," or news of lower quality that includes fabricated data. Many people and institutions are negatively impacted by the widespread circulation of false information. As a result, detecting fake news via social media has emerged as a topic of interest for academics. Searching for and reading the news is becoming increasingly convenient as a result of the widespread availability, quick expansion, and widespread dissemination of traditional news outlets and social media. Nowadays, there is a plethora of information that can be found on social media, and it can be difficult to tell what is real and what is not. The distribution costs of releasing news via social media are inexpensive, and anyone can do it. The widespread circulation of false information could have devastating effects on both individuals and communities. Developing a reliable machine learning method for spotting fake news is the focus of this work

Classification of Solutions of Non-homogeneous Non-linear Second Order Neutral Delay Dynamic Equations with Positive and Negative Coefficients

In this paper we have studied the non-homogeneous non-linear second order neutral delay dynamic equations with positive and negative coefficients of the form classified all solutions of this type equations and obtained conditions for the existence or non-existence of solutions into four classes and these four classes are mutually disjoint. Examples are included to illustrate the validation of the main results

Insights in diabetes: Molecular mechanisms-Protectin DX, an anti-inflammatory and a stimulator of inflammation resolution metabolite of docosahexaenoic acid, protects against the development of streptozotocin-induced type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus in male Swiss albino mice

Our previous studies revealed that certain endogenous low molecular weight lipids have potent anti-diabetic actions. Of all, arachidonic acid (AA) and its anti-inflammatory and inflammation resolving metabolite lipoxin A4 (LXA4) are the most potent anti-diabetic molecules. Similar anti-diabetic action is also shown by resolvins. In our efforts to identify other similar lipid based anti-diabetic molecules, we investigated potential anti-diabetic action of protectin DX that also has anti-inflammatory and inducer of inflammation resolution action(s) like LXA4. Protectin DX {10(S),17(S)-dihydroxy-4Z,7Z,11E,13Z,15E,19Z-docosahexaenoic acid, also called as 10(S),17(S)-DiHDoHE)} prevented the development of streptozotocin-induced type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus in Swiss male albino mice. Protectin DX showed potent anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-apoptotic actions that could explain its anti-diabetic action. In view of these beneficial actions, efforts need to be developed to exploit PDX and other similar compounds as potential anti-diabetic molecule in humans

A case report of primary pleomorphic lung cancer with an atypical presentation

Pulmonary pleomorphic carcinoma (PPC) is an uncommon primary lung tumor with a low incidence and aggressive biological characteristics that can occur in young people and nonsmokers. Pleomorphic carcinoma (PC) has a worse prognosis than other non-small cell lung tumors. We describe a 45-year-old man who complained of having a dry cough for a month. A well-defined mass in the anterior section of the left lower lobe was identified by chest high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT), and a positron emission tomography (PET) scan confirmed a left lobulated tumor with fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake in the left mediastinal lymph nodes. An endobronchial ultrasound guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS TBNA) guided biopsy of the tumor was performed and sent for histopathological analysis, which identified pleomorphic squamous cells and giant cells. Positive IHC markers included P63, TTF1, pancytokeratin, Vimentin. Patient was diagnosed with stage IIIa (T3N2M0) pleomorphic carcinoma of the lung. Due to the tumor's advanced stage, the patient received chemotherapy and radiation therapy

DEVELOPMENT OF OSMOTICALLY CONTROLLED ORAL DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM FOR NATEGLINIDE AN ANTI-DIABETIC DRUG

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to develop an oral push-pull osmotic drug delivery system for the drug Nateglinide which is a bio pharmaceutics classification system (BCS) class II drug. Methods: The tablets were prepared by the wet granulation method using ingredients microcrystalline cellulose (Adsorbent), potassium chloride (Osmotic agent), poly ethylene glycol (4000 and 6000) (Hydrophilic polymer, Plasticizer), starch (Disintegrant), and aerosil. The granules were compacted by double compression method and were coated with eudragit by dipping method. Different batches were prepared to study the effect of the various ingredients and their effect on the release of the drug from the system by varying the concentrations of the ingredients in each batch. Dissolution was assessed using USP dissolution apparatus 2 in phosphate buffer pH 6.8 for 12 h. Results: Certain key findings observed includes a decrease in micro crystalline cellulose content reduced the release of the drug due to the reduction of the hydrophilic content in the tablet which complements the uptake of water from the surroundings, and increase in the ethylene glycol leads to decrease in the release which resulted due to excess swelling and increase in the osmotic agent concentration lead to satisfactory release of the drug and followed zero-order release. Conclusion: To conclude, the push-pull osmotic tablet of Nateglinide was able to deliver the drug in a controlled pattern for a prolonged period of time. This type of formulation can be used in conditions like hyperglycemia where the patient compliance can improve by reducing the dosing frequency and the plasma drug levels can be maintained, the total drug load is also reduced so that the dose related side-effects are also reduced. Keywords: Controlled release, Push-pull osmotic pump, Nateglinid