Should Dynamic Scoring be done with Heterogeneous Agent-Based Models? Challenging the Conventional Wisdom

Traditionally, Dynamic Scoring calculations experiments are carried out using representative agent based macroeconomic models. Existing literature does not provide any objection to this approach. In this paper, I develop a heterogeneous agent model similar to the Saver-Spenders model of Mankiw (2000). But spenders in my model are merely credit constrained and not rule-of-thumb consumers. Both groups are intertemporal optimizers because of the existence of Internal Habit Persistence. Transition path of most of the macro and fiscal variables for various tax cuts under alternative financing scheme shows pattern which are significantly different and sometimes contrasting to the representative agent model. Dynamic scoring calculations reveal a downward bias of the representative agent model. Underestimation of the dynamic response could be as large as 45%. Finally, steady state results indicate smaller impact of contractionary policies on major fiscal variables such as net tax revenue and tax base. Over all, the paper argues that the need to use heterogeneous agent based model in dynamic fiscal calculations is not only desirable, but also essential.

BANGLADESH-EU DEVELOPMENT RELATIONSHIP: MAJOR FEATURES AND EMERGING ISSUES

The paper looks at the current status of Bangladesh-EU relationship, identifies the salient features of the new Cooperation Agreement and looks at some of the important emerging challenges in the context of the evolving Bangladesh-EU relationship. The paper also focuses on the trends and structure of aid from EU to Bangladesh over the past years and Bangladesh - EU trade relations.WTO, Trade, Globalisation, Cooperation

RUDYAYD KIPLING AND REPRENTATION OF LANGUAGE FAMILY IN THE WORLD: A STUDY OF THE PHILOSOPHY OF LANGUAGE

The paper is to explain linguistical image of Rudyard Kipling in the poetry “The Ballad of East and West” and to relate with family of language over the world. It is found, the words “west” and “east” refer to the different location but it is from the similar pronounciation. It like “atala” in Sanskrit, “od” in Greek, and has relation with the word “atlantic” in English. The data will be approached by the philosophy of language, particularly in the perspective of the fixed thing (Greek: esse) and the changed thing (percipi). The result, the word has the same essence. The trace of family of the word “east” and “west” could be proved in the language of Autronesian, particulary in Javanese poem. There is hibridity of reality in the area of language in the world. It could be recommended that the evidence in language is a medium of learning related with education, culture, and reality of Austronesian

Jayabaya’s Vision in The Javanese Cosmology: Wise Religion, Herucokro Revelation and Black Pegasus

The paper is to find out values, world view, and norm orientation in manuscript entitled Jayabaya  (without publising year) by G Rr Ay. Brotodiningrat and Primbon Pusaka Jawa Jangka Jayabaya Pranitiwakya by R Tanojo (without publising year). This study is needed because various research and publishing in the five late year have showed an interest with a history  of social context, viewing, and values.  Method of data collecting is close reading and method analysis is refers the phenomonelogy that stress on the concept of intensionality and extensionality. Intensionality means evidence that is showed by consciousness while extensionality refers to proof of external world. Result of this research is to prove the Javanese cosmology of harmony. It is need to live with concept harmonizing of which there are good relation with the other, environment, and the bigger cosmic in the human existence. Symbol in text of the Jangka Jayabaya, like Herucokro, Kuda Sembarni Hitam, Agama Budi, dan Hidup Harmoni, give a message of how to be a just leader, good norm, and developing a new social order.

STORY OF BIG FLOOD IN THE MODERN INDONESIAN LITERARY: AN ECOCRITICISM STUDY

The nature of paper shows that Ecocriticism is not popular issue in the modern Indonesian criticism. Hence, it is very crucial to develop the Indonesian criticism based on the ecological perspective because nowday that the term development is synonym with exploiting the nature. The paper is to find out the ecological issue in the modern indonesian literary, especially in fiction prose and poems publised for late ten years. To analyze the work, researcher is used semiotic method and hermeneutic design of research as an approach. Semiotic will investigate the symbol behind the words and hermeneutic will translated the symbol to actual message. Based on the analysis, the ecological theme in the modern Indonesian literary is crucial interpretation. The meaning appeared in the work has given the imporant values of increasing care of nature, human kind, and harmonization. For recomentation, in the future researcher should have interpretate the work based on the ecocriticism to increase meaning of human and nature

Demographic Uncertainty and Welfare in a Life-cycle Model under Alternative Public Pension Systems

In this paper, I analyze consumption, aggregate savings, output and welfare implications of five different social security arrangements whenever there is demographic uncertainty. Following Bohn (2002), I analyze the effect of an uncertain population growth in an extended version of a modified Life-cycle model developed by Gertler (1999). Population growth dampens savings and output under all arrangements. Pay-as-you-go-Defined Benefit system appears to fare better than all other alternatives, falling short of the private annuity market with no pension system. But social security in general increases social welfare, with Fully Funded systems faring the best. Thus there appears to be a clear trade-off between growth and social welfare. The social security system also reduces the volatility of the economy

UTILIZATION OF INFORMATION SERVICES TO IMPROVE ACHIEVEMENT MOTIVATION STUDENTS OF MTs STATE BANYUWANGI

This research was conducted at MTs. Negeri Banyuwangi in the 2017/2018 school year where motivation for achievement is still low. The purpose of writing this guidance counseling action research is to find out whether information services can increase student achievement motivation. Data collection methods are questionnaires and observations. The data analysis method is descriptive. The results obtained from this study are information services can increase student achievement motivation in following the teaching and learning process. From the results of descriptive data analysis also showed an increase in students' understanding of the importance of having achievement motivation so that their motivation can be increased, ranging from 26.56% to 43.69% with a high category. The conclusion obtained from this study is that information services can increase student achievement motivation in following the teaching and learning process

Good Physician Adherence to Guideline-Directed Medical Therapy Associated with Lower Patient Mortality and Hospitalisation Rates Across The World

oai:heartscience.ub.ac.id:article/77While the guidelines for the managements of heart diseases have been well-developed and updated periodically, they do not guarantee to reduce the number of heart disease morbidity and mortality. Since the holistic approach is not carefully applied, this morbidity rate may not be significantly reduced. The holistic approach to managing heart disease has broad aspects, but the most important aspect is regarding physician adherence to Guideline-Directed Medical Therapy (GDMT). This paper aimed to discuss the physician adherence to GDMT, and its role in reducing morbidity and in-hospitalization in heart disease patients. Several large scale studies have revealed that good adherence to heart failure treatment guidelines among physicians improved not only quality of life but also resulted in a better prognosis. On other hands, because the main target of physicians adherence to GDMT is to achieve maximally tolerated dose, it is also important that the understanding when and how to add, switch, and titrate all therapies to maximally tolerated doses and ideally target doses is important to reduce the morbidity and mortality of heart disease patients. However, in some points, this principle might not be applied properly due to several limitations. In this case, physicians may have to consider the balance between patients preferences, healthcare resources, and the risk of adverse outcomes. In conclusion, it should be noted that physician adherence to GDMT has an important role to reduce morbidity and mortality of heart disease patients