ESSENTIAL OIL COMPOSITION OF ARTEMISIA VULGARIS GROWN IN EGYPT

Objective: The objective of this research was to evaluate the significance of the plant's origin and to assess the essential oil composition of Artemisia vulgaris grown in Egypt simultaneously evaluating the effect of environmental conditions on essential oil composition.Methods: Seeds were planted and the essential oils extracted, using hydrodistillation, from the plants that grew. The resulting essential oils were examined, using gas chromatography linked to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Thus also evaluating the essential oil chemotype fingerprint†in A. vulgarisResults:  The study identified: the most abundant compounds being camphor, 3, 5-dimethylcyclohexane, germacrene D, cubebene, yomogi alcohol, artemisia alcohol, caryophyllene, while is lower concentrations thujopsene, muurolene, borneol, terpinen-4-ol, valencene, elemene and humulene. Despite the origins of the seeds, the chemical profile was very similar to those of plants grown in Egypt, thus suggesting essential oil composition was significantly influenced by the environmental conditions.Conclusion: Based on the present study, It is suggested that seed origin may play a less significant part if the seed is planted in an environment different to that of its origin, this study proved that and favors the plant-environment interaction to influence the secondary metabolite composition. This supports that plant metabolite profiles are greatly affected by the environment they are grown in.Â

Essential oil content, yield, and components from the herb, leaf, and stem of curly-leafed parsley at three harvest days

Parsley (Petroselium crispum L.) is commonly used for its flavor, desired nutritional contents, and other health benefits. However, since the profile of a recently introduced curly-leafed parsley cultivar in Egypt has not been studied, an experiment was conducted to compare three harvest dates in terms of the weight, essential oil (EO) content and yield, and the concentrations of major components in the whole herb, leaf, and stem parts. The results showed that the highest herb and leaf yields were obtained from the second harvest, but the first harvest gave the highest stem yield. The highest EO content and yield were obtained from the first harvest. The major EO components obtained from the three parts were β-phellandrene, α-terpinolene, 1,3,8-p-menthatriene, myristicin, and elemicin. The highest concentrations of α-terpinolene, myristicin, and elemicin were obtained from the whole herb; but the highest β-phellandrene and 1,3,8-p-menthatriene were obtained from the leaf and the stem. The findings revealed that the yield, EO content and yield, and concentration of the major components varied with harvest day and part of the plant. These results can be used to determine when and where to extract EO to maximize the desired content, yield, or component

Evening primrose and rapeseed yield components and grain oil concentrations were differentially modulated by the N, P, and K supplies in a mediterranean area

Evening Primrose (Oenothera biennis L.) is an industrial crop-producing seed with high oil concentration characterized by high gamma-linoleic acid. However, limited information is available on its response to the nutrient supply, especially P and K. The aim of this work was to compare the response of Evening Primrose to the application of N, P, and K alone or in combination in a P and K deficient soil in terms of grain yield, yield components, and oil composition in comparison to Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). Evening Primrose yielded 54.4% less seed and 67.3% less oil than Rapeseed. Such differences were reduced when nutrients, especially N or P, were applied. N stimulated Evening Primrose more than Rapeseed. Application of K favored Evening Primrose oil yield when no N or P were added, and this especially occurred by an enhancement of the pod number. P favored yield per pod and oil yield in the Evening Primrose more than Rapeseed in almost all conditions. Fertilization scarcely affected lipid composition. In particular, an increase in the oleic acid concentration was found only when N + K or N + P + K were applied compared to the sole N or sole K applications. These results suggest that P and K differentially influenced yield components of both species and that Evening Primrose was less adapted than Rapeseed to a scarce nutrient supply

Phytochemical Characterization and Biological Activities of Essential Oil from Satureja montana L., a Medicinal Plant Grown under the Influence of Fertilization and Planting Dates

The rising demand for safe plant compounds and herbal products that contribute positively to human health is in line with current market trends. Plants belonging to the Satureja genus, particularly the aromatic medicinal S. montana L. from the Lamiaceae family, are well suited to these trends as they serve as pharmaceutical raw materials. This research aimed to assess the influence of sowing date and fertilization doses, as well as their interaction, on the fresh weight, essential oil content, and composition of S. montana. Experimental cultivation involved varying nitrogen and phosphorus levels. The second cut had the highest fresh weight and oil production compared to the first cut. The highest total plant biomass was achieved with autumn sowing and fertilization at 55 kg N/ha and 37 kg P/ha, whereas Spring sowing exhibited higher essential oil production, with the maximum oil % with 74 kg P/ha and oil yield after applying 55 kg N/ha and 74 kg P/ha. The GC-MS analysis revealed that carvacrol was the predominant compound, with it being recommended to grow S. montana in Spring at doses of 55 kg N/ha and 74 kg P/ha for the superior oil yield. Additionally, S. montana essential oil demonstrated notable biological and antimicrobial activity, positioning it as a potential alternative to chemical food preservatives

EFFECT OF BIO-FERTILIZERS AND GAMMA RADIATION ON THE ESSENTIAL OIL OF DILL AT THE VEGETATIVE, FLOWERING, FRUITING STAGES AND THEIR ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES

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