Glutathione redox status in some tissues and the intestinal parasite Pomphorhynchus laevis (Acanthocephala) from barbel (Barbus barbus) (pisces) from the Danube river

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Antioxidant status and lipid peroxidation in the blood of breast cancer patients of different ages after chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil, doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide

Objectives: Breast carcinoma is related to the increase of lipid peroxidation in plasma with concomitant decrease of antioxidant (AO) defense capacity in blood cells, which becomes more pronounced during aging of the patients. This work evaluated the potential age-related effect of chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil, doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide (FAC) on the level of lipid hydroperoxides (LP), glutathione (GSH), AO enzyme activities of copper, zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione reductase (GR) in breast cancer patients. The level of CuZnSOD protein was assessed after the FAC therapy and radiotherapy of breast cancer. Design and methods: AO parameters were measured in the blood of 58 breast cancer patients and 60 healthy age-matched healthy subjects by biochemical and Western blot analyses. Results: Increased oxidative stress (LP: p LT 0.05) and decreased AO enzyme activities (CuZnSOD: p LT 0.01, GPx: p LT 0.05, GR: p LT 0.01) and GSH level (p LT 0.01) in the blood of breast cancer patients in response to FAC chemotherapy seem not to be age-dependent. CuZnSOD enzyme expression decreased after the FAC chemotherapy (p LT 0.05), while it increased after the radiotherapy of breast cancer (p LT 0.05). Conclusion: FAC chemotherapy and radiotherapy promote further oxidative shift, which potentiate already existing chronic oxidative stress linked to breast cancer. In these effects, impaired capacity for H2O2 detoxification (CAT. GPX and GSH) seems to have major contribution. (C) 2010 The Canadian Society of Clinical Chemists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved

Antioxidant status and lipid peroxidation in small intestinal mucosa of children with celiac disease

Objective: To explain the role of oxidative stress in the pathology of celiac disease. Design and methods: The activities of antioxidant enzymes and the levels of glutathione and lipid hydroperoxides were measured in the samples of small intestinal biopsies from 39 children with different forms of the disease and in 19 control subjects. Results: The activities of analyzed enzymes varied significantly between the examined groups. An increase in the activities of superoxide dismutase was observed in patients with active and silent celiac disease, while the activities of glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase and the glutathione content were significantly reduced. The level of lipid hydroperoxides was significantly elevated in these groups. Conclusions: Oxidative stress is an important factor in the pathogenesis of celiac disease. The antioxidant capacity of celiac patients is significantly reduced, mostly by a depletion of glutathione. Natural antioxidants and appropriate dietary supplements could be important complements to the classic therapy of celiac disease. (C) 2009 The Canadian Society of Clinical Chemists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved

Influence of some metal concentrations on the activity of antioxidant enzymes and concentrations of vitamin E and SH-groups in the digestive gland and gills of the freshwater bivalve Unio tumidus from the Serbian part of Sava River

We examined whether the freshwater bivalve Unio tumidus from the Sava River can serve as a bioindicator organism for long-term biomonitoring of river ecosystems for the presence of metal pollutants. To this end, we assessed in the digestive glands and gills of mussels, changes in activity of antioxidant enzymes: superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione reductase (GR), the phase II biotransformation enzyme glutathione-S-transferase (GST)), and changes in the concentrations of the non-enzymatic components of the antioxidant system (vitamin E and sulfhydryl groups (-SH), after exposure to metals in the environment. Mussels were collected at four sites where the concentrations of dissolved metals (Cu, Cd, Zn, Fe, Mn, Hg, Ni, As, Pb) were quantified. Cu, Ni and As exerted concentration-dependent inhibitory effects on CAT and GST activities. Increasing concentrations of Cd promoted increases in GSH-Px activity and -SH concentration. In response to increased Zn concentration GR activity increased whereas Fe promoted decreased enzymatic activity. Negative correlations between the concentrations of Cu and Cd and vitamin E, and a positive correlation between Mn and vitamin E concentrations were detected. The described correlations between components of the antioxidant system and metal levels in the environment reveal a high physiological sensitivity of freshwater mussels to pollution, supporting their use in biomonitoring of metal contamination in river ecosystems

Iranian Existing Steel Buildings: State of the Practice; Part 1: Non-Engineered Practices

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