Assessment of exposure risk to lead and cadmium via fish consumption in the lacusrian village of Ganvié in Benin republic

The assessment of exposure risk related to lead and cadmium via fish consumption was conducted consecutively to the extent of the high level of pollution of the aquatic system of lacustrian village of Ganvié by recent studies. The evaluation was performed in adults and children by computing daily dose of exposure (DDE) by crossing the average levels of contamination of fish with lead and cadmium with the levels of food consumption. Therefore, thirty six (36) samples of three fish species were collected from Lake Nokoué in the surroundings of lacustrial village of Ganvié and assayed for lead and cadmium by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The average concentration of cadmium and lead was higher than the allowed limits: 26.80 ± 0.57 ppm (against 0.4 ppm) for Pb and 1.79 ± 0.29 ppm (against 0.05 ppm) for Cd. The values of DDE obtained without systemic exposure were 111.22 and 7.42 mg / kg / day for Pb and Cd in child, respectively, against 2.28 and 34.22 mg / kg / day in adults compared to the limits permitted by WHO which are 3.6 mg / kg / day and 1 μg/kg/day, respectively. These high concentrations of Cd and Pb which imply potential risks especially for children much more exposed than adults appeal to environmental consciousness

[Seroprevalence of Toxoplasmosis among Pregnant Women in Benin: Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression].

International audienceTo assess the seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis among pregnant women in Benin, we conducted a meta-analysis using the PRISMA criteria. Al research published between 1990 and 2018 on toxoplasmosis among pregnant women Benin were eligible. A total of five databases were investigated, and the extracted data were subjected to a meta-analysis under R 3.1 using both random effect model and fixed effect model. The overall prevalence of toxoplasma-specific IgG among pregnant women was 47% (CI 95%: 40-53) and that of specific IgM was 2% (CI 95%: 1-3). The infection rate in urban areas (52%) was significantly higher than in rural areas (33%). The two main risk factors identified by the various eligible studies were the age of the pregnant women and the consumption of raw vegetables. We show that toxoplasmosis is endemic in pregnant women in Benin, implying that primary prevention measures must be put in place by the competent authorities to control this infection