Analysis and Measurement of the Impact of Global Supply Chain Strategies on Economic Reform Programs and Poverty in IRAQ

Abstract- Over the last three decades, global supply chains (GSCs) have increasingly gained importance in linking developing countries to international markets. This investigation intends to take a gander at the present status of poverty and existing reform approaches in Iraq. This is a continuous research for the policy estimations in Iraq, which exhibited the poverty circumstance after the economic reforms. This study utilized a time period of post war era from 2005 to 2017 to examine the poverty situation in Iraq after the reform agenda. The study suggests that poverty should genuinely take into consideration the institutional, social and political elements. In GSCs, competitiveness (and thus delocalization choices) is determined by a wide range of factors, especially by the quality of policies influencing the overall  business  environment. Economic reforms do not fairly distribute income and employment which is imperative for the decrease in the poverty. With the expanding globalization of the world economy, it is recommended that nations seeking after fare approaches dependent on specific advantages will achieve faster growth. Solid financial development will give enough assets to improve the status of poor people. However, government should take necessary action in GSC specifically poverty alleviation driven.  Otherwise the poverty may remain a big problem for Iraq even after achieving economic reforms and growth.

Measuring the Effect of Total Injection Elements on Economic Growth in Iraq for the Period (2004-2020) Using the Error Correction Model

Purpose: The paper aims to measure the impact of the dynamic relationship between the elements of total injection (private investment spending, comic spending, exports) on the one hand and the GDP growth rate that expresses economic growthusing the ARDL model.   Theoretical framework: The elements of total injection are one of the main components of total demand: private investment spending,  government spending, and exports. Private spending is one of the main activities that play an essential role in the country's economic development Government spending is one of the most crucial fiscal policy tools used by the government to influence and stimulate economic activity. Good export performance is an essential indicator of that government's foreign trade. All these elements significantly impact economic activity by producing and employing these elements in GDP and its growth.   Design/methodology/approach: To test the hypothesis that there is a direct relationship between the elements of total injection and GDP growth. Quarterly data were used for the duration of (2004-2020).   Findings: The results of the non-tests showed a common complementarity and a long-term equilibrium relationship between the total injection and the rate of economic growth. Therefore the results of the models proved the validity of the paper's hypothesis.   Research, Practical & Social implications: the article suggested the need for the government to support the private sector, build complementary relations with it, restructure government spending and seek to increase its productivity to achieve financial returns.   Originality/value: The research provides the government with support to the private sector, building complementary relations with it, restructuring government spending, and striving to increase its productivity to achieve financial returns from it, in addition to the need to diversify the economy and try to get rid of the unilateral economy

The Impact of Foreign Investment on Balance of Payments Based on the Supply chain management: An Econometrics Study for the Period of 2005-2017 in Iraq

This examination explores the effect of foreign direct investment on the supply chain management and balance of payment in Iraq market. The study is conducted in Iraqi circumstances focusing on the time period of 2005-2017 by considering the supply chain management. Johansen-Juselius co integration technique has been employed to measure the association among variables of interest which is FDI, CAB and GDP. In this context of particular importance are management concepts such as supply chain and chain quality management concepts. Therefore, our aim is to analyze the influence of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) on the Iraq business. Furthermore, VECM estimation is carried out to determine a long and short run influence of FDI on current account balance. The results revealed that foreign investment is co-integrated with balance of payment. Furthermore, a positive impact of FDI has been recorded on CAB (current account balance). The results infer export led policy can positively affects the balance of payment with the foreign inflows. Therefore, as a policy implication, FDI should be taken into account when policy makers are making policies regarding economic development