Approaches Concerning about "The Role of School Nurse Required School Health"

本研究の目的は，家庭教育の重要な役割である“習慣”に着目した取組を「これからの学校保健に求められる養護教諭の役割」という視点で実施し，その取組の成果と課題について考察することである。子どもたちの日頃の様子から“姿勢”の習慣を課題として取組を実施し，成果と課題を明らかにした。成果としては，本園の幼稚園歯科医と課題を共有し，関連する内容の歯科講話を依頼したことで，保健指導と同じ目的の歯科講話を実施していただくことができ，養護教諭の役割であるコーディネーター力が重要になると感じた。また，保健指導は子どもたちが“姿勢”を意識するきっかけとなり，変容がみられる子どももいたことから保健指導の重要性を認識することができた。本研究では「姿勢を意識させる」ことを中心に指導したが，今後体幹を鍛える運動を遊びの中で取り入れるなど担任等との連携を組織的に推進していきたい。The purpose of this study is showing the results and issues on approaches focusing on "habits" which make an important role in home education in terms of what a school nurse is required in the school health from now on. This study pays attention to the posture through observing children in the present. The school nurses make a chance to share this problem with the dentists at our school, and fortunately, the dentists make a speech about this problem which the school nurses concerned. Through this event, the school nurse finds the importance of coordinator role. Moreover, the researcher gets a chance to rethink how important health care guidance is because this event can change some student's behavior. In this study, the researcher focuses on getting students "to think of their posture", and corporates with homeroom teacher and asks them to focus on core training during playing

A Study of Investigation of Methods of Teaching Gargling for Establishing Basic Habits

本研究は，子どもの日頃の様子や担任等からの情報収集をもとに，基本的生活習慣の中の“うがい”に着目をし，基本的生活習慣の確立に向けた指導方法を検討することを目的とした。指導前に行動観察を行い，子どもたちにとって難しいと思われた視点に焦点をあてて研究をすすめた。研究をする上で、子どもたちが“自発的に”そして“適切な方法”でうがいができるようになるために視覚的教材や掲示物を活用しながら指導を行い，指導後の観察から変容を見取った。その結果，行動観察の中で子どもたちにとって難しいと思われた視点を教材等で工夫したことで指導後には行動を変えようとする姿がみられた。また，行動を観察し，記録として残しておくことで，変容した具体的な姿で認める言葉かけをすることができた。基本的生活習慣を確立するためには，今後も継続した指導や援助をしていくことが大切である。This study focused on "gargling", one of the basic habits, based on children's daily circumstances and a database from their homeroom teachers and aimed to investigate methods of teaching in order to establish their basic habits. On conducting this research, the author had observed children's behaviors before teaching and focused on perspectives which seemed to be difficult. She taught how to gargle "spontaneously" and" in appropriate ways" making use of visual aids and notices. Then she recorded how the children changed their way of gargling from observation after teaching. As a result, it seemed that the children tried to change their behaviors after teaching thanks to teachers' plans of points which seemed to be difficult for children using teaching materials. They also succeeded in speaking to the children with words which praised more concretely based on how they have changed by observing and keeping records of them. In order to establish children's basic habits, it is important for teachers to teach and assist continuously

Relationship between medical examination methods and actual conditions of life for preserving visual acuity in primary and junior high school: Verification of the current vision test

The deterioration of children’s eyesight is on the rise. Children's lives have changed in a short period of time, such as an increase in blue light due to the use of electronic devices. It is necessary to consider non-traditional content of health guidance for prevention. The accurate visual acuity test is important to examine the effects of visual acuity and environmental or living factors. We examined the accuracy of the visual acuity test with the three stage Landolt ring for children from the relationship with the eye axial length. After performing a normal detailed visual acuity test of the children and the correlation analysis with the eye axial length, we examined the distribution of the eye axis according to the results of the three-stage visual acuity test by the Landolt ring. The number of children measured eye axial length was 13. The correlation coefficient between detailed visual acuity test and eye axial length was negative. According to the results of the three-stage visual acuity test, the distribution of the eye axis is good for the right eye: the average eye axis of “A” was 23.44 mm, moderate: the average of “B” was 22.58 mm. The average of the left eye axis for “A” children is 23.34 mm, for “B” is 23.08 mm, and for “C” is 23.7 mm. The correlation coefficient between the detailed visual acuity test and the eye axial length was negative on both sides, namely a negative correlation between the visual acuity and the eye axial length. There was a possibility of not correspondence between the three-stage visual test and the eye axial length. In the case of children, it was considered that their visual performance and answers were different because of their mood and physical condition on the day

Development of exchange activity with the student studying abroad to bring global human resources up (2): Focusing on intercultural understandings and identity as Japanese

本研究の目的は，幼稚園においてグローバル人材の育成に必要な「異文化に対する理解と日本人としてのアイデンティティ」に焦点をあてた留学生交流活動を開発することである。検証の方法は，交流活動の実践事例を基に考察を行い，開発した活動の成果と課題を導き出す。開発した交流活動における成果となる子どもの姿は次の通りである。①留学生の出身国の麺料理に興味をもち，自分たちのカフェレストランごっこのメニューに取り入れて，いろいろな素材を用いて作る姿が見られた。②留学生の出身国のジャンケンのやり方などについて質問をしたり，掛け声を繰り返し言いながら他国の言葉に触れることを楽しんだりする姿などが見られた。③万里の長城を映像で見た子どもたちが，留学生にたくさんの質問をする姿が見られた。また，万里の長城を見て「中国に行ってみたい」と自分の気もちを話していた。④留学生とのお茶会の中で，抹茶を飲み終わった後の茶碗のふき取り方をさり気なく留学生にやって見せたり，作法に従って出来ているかどうかを最後まで見届けたりする姿が見られた。⑤留学生の出身国の様々なお茶を飲み，日本のお茶と比較をしながら味，色などの違いを感じている様子が見られた。This study aims to develop a kindergarten cross-cultural exchange program to raise children’s intercultural understandings and identity as Japanese. To achieve the goal, international students (IE) of Hiroshima University were invited to the kindergarten six times in total, and they shared traditional plays, ceremonies, and old tales together. The exchanges were recorded and children’s utterances were analyzed. The following five achievements were found: (1) children showed interest in food habit of IE and tried to take that into their role play menu. (2) children asked questions about the traditional plays that IE introduced. (3) children asked many questions about famous places of IE’s countries and said that they want to visit those places. (4) children tried to tell IE how to do Japanese tea ceremony by using gestures. (5) children compared different kinds of tea and found that each tea, each country, each culture has different and the same things

Consider the guidance of the way on radiation and health in kindergarten, elementary and junior high schools consistently: Efforts on radiation education based on viewpoints of health education and science education

平成23年の東日本大震災による福島第一原発事故の災害により，福島県民の健康不安や周りの者からの風評被害が社会問題となり，教育現場においてもいじめなどの深刻な人権問題が生じた。そのことから，今後は，子ども達の放射線に関する基礎的知識の習得，放射線に関する課題についての思考・判断能力の育成が求められると考えられる。 本研究では，発達段階の違いを考慮した上で，実態に即した学習内容を検討するために小学６年生と中学３年生に「放射線に関する認識について」の調査を実施し，実態を比較検討した。その調査結果から，放射線についての教育プログラムを開発検討するにあたり，放射線についての正しい知識を身につけ，より実生活と結びついた教育内容を展開する必要があると考えた。研究結果として，小学６年生と中学３年生では放射線に関する認識・知識に大きな差が見られなかったことから，小学６年生と中学３年生の児童生徒が合同で放射線に関する学習プログラムを展開し，発達段階の異なる者同士が意見交換をしながら思考・判断能力を育むという，学習の相乗効果を見込んだ働きかけも可能であると考えられた。Due to the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear accident due to the Great East Japan Great Earthquake of 2011, damage caused by Fukushima citizen's health and rumors became a social problem and human rights problems such as bullying also occurred in the educational setting. From that, it is required to acquire basic knowledge on children's radiation and to develop thought / judgment abilities. In this research, we aimed to develop radiation education programs by conducting a survey on "radiation recognition perception" in elementary and junior high school students and junior high school graders. As a result, since there was no significant difference in elementary and junior high school students' recognition and knowledge, we thought that synergistic effects of learning can be expected by developing a learning program that elementary school students and junior high school students can jointly perform

Relationship between medical examination methods and actual conditions of life for preserving visual acuity in primary and junior high school: Verification of the current vision test

The deterioration of children’s eyesight is on the rise. Children's lives have changed in a short period of time, such as an increase in blue light due to the use of electronic devices. It is necessary to consider non traditional content of health guidance for prevention. The accurate visual acuity test is important to examine the effects of visual acuity and environmental or living factors. We examined the accuracy of the visual acuity test with the three-stage Landolt ring for children from the relationship with the eye axial length. After performing a normal detailed visual acuity test of the children and the correlation analysis with the eye axial length, we examined the distribution of t he eye axis according to the results of the three stage visual acuity test by the Landolt ring The number of children measured eye axial length was 13. The correlation coefficient between detailed visual acuity test and eye axial length was negative. Ac cording to the results of the three-stage visual acuity test, the distribution of the eye axis is good for the right eye: the average eye axis of “A” was 23.44 mm, moderate: the average of “B” was 22.58 mm. The average of the left eye axis for “A” children is 23.34 mm, for “B” is 23.08 mm, and for “C” is 23.7 mm. The correlation coefficient between the detailed visual acuity test and the eye axial length was negative on both sides, namely a negative correlation between the visual acuity and the eye axial length. There was a possibility of not correspondence between the three-stage visual test and theeye axial length. In the case of children, it was considered that their visual performance and answers were different because of their mood and physical condition on the day

Investigation of guidance on maintaining visual acuity at combined school from kindergarten to junior high school.: Consideration of relationship between visual acuity and lifestyle

The negative effect of visual acuity for growing children led by widely use of IC device such as mobile phone is concerned today. Heavy use of electronic device such as PC in early age will bring poor visual acuity, and an inconvenience in exercise caused by wearing glasses. In this study, we used wearable devise to search relations between daily lives of children and a decrease in vision in add to a preexisting questionnaire. Compared with the duration of watching TV and reading books of PVA( Poor visual acuity) and NPVA(Non poor visual acuity), PVA students were turned out to be using more time in doing, which supports previous studies. The relevance to visual acuity and sleep was clarified to be significantly shorter in NPVA in terms of nocturnal awakening, and also the average of a sleep and a deep sleep duration were longer in NPVA. No significant difference was observed due to the small parameter. From now on, the further work is needed to examine child's sleep conscientiously, including enriching health guidance for sight maintenance

A Study of Cooperation of a Kindergarten and an Elementary School for Through Practice Teaching Guidance In Kindergarten : Attention to the Relation of a Teacher Bringing up Will to Learn by Voluntarily

本研究は，初等教育教員養成コースに所属している学生による幼稚園教育実習生が，幼小連携という観点から実習を行うことによる効果を考察することを目的とする。特に，今年度は幼稚園・小学校共通に求められる“自ら学ぶ意欲を育む”教師の支援のあり方に着目し，指導教員の指導のあり方を追究する。研究の方法としては，大学４年生の教育実習生と幼稚園指導教員を対象に質問紙調査を実施し，比較検討を行った。結果としては次の２点である。１点目の幼小の共通点としては，自ら学ぶ意欲を育むために，子どもに対する肯定的な声かけや，子どもの思いを丁寧に見取ろうとする真摯な姿勢などが大切であることが分かった。２点目の幼小の差異点としては，自ら学ぶ意欲を育むために，子どもの興味・関心を生かすことが大切だが，その生かし方に関しては，生かす場面やタイミングの違いなどがあるということが分かった。今後も子どもの興味を引き出す学習スタイルや指導方法に関しての研究を進めていくことが期待される。This study investigated changes of kindergarten teacher student teachers during teaching practice at the affiliated kindergarten. This report focused on the teachers’ support, which fostered children’s motivation to learn by themselves. Self-learning motivation is required even at elementary schools. Fourth grade university student answered some open-ended questions. The main findings are as follows: (1) It is important to observe and understand carefully what a child feels and thinks; (2) There are differences between kindergartens and elementary schools in the situation and timing of intervention for fostering children’s motivation to do something by themselves

Radiation and Health in Kindergarten, Elementary, and Junior High Schools Consistently : Efforts to Enhance Health and Environmental Awareness from the Perspective of Health and Science Education

原発災害等による放射能に対する健康不安や風評対策として，平常時から子どもが安全な環境や，放射線についての知識や判断の仕方，身の回りの安全な生活について学習しておく必要性が高いと考え，本研究では，安全な環境や放射線についての正しい認識を深める学習のあり方を検討することを目的とした。 理科教育と保健指導の連携によって，本校の中学３年生に「放射線学習・放射線と健康」の指導を行い，指導の前後で評価した。実際の実践は，理科分野では中学生の放射線に対する科学的な認識を育成するために環境測定を実施し，データの集積や実験を通して科学的な根拠に基づいた学習を展開した。また,学校保健分野では保健指導として，理科で学習した知識を活かして日常生活や健康との関連を考えさせ，環境の変化に伴う生活・健康課題の改善を図るために自分で情報を収集する手段について指導した。理科と学校保健が連携した指導は，知識と実生活を結びつけ，よりよく生きようという生きる力を育む教育となると考えられた。今後は，学校保健と社会科や技術家庭科との連携も充実させることで，更に効果的な学習と成りえる。The purpose of this study was to consider instructions for maintaining a safe environment and correct awareness of radiation. Lessons on “Knowledge of Radiation” and “Radiation and Health” were given to ninth-grade students. Effects of learning were evaluated before and after classes. Teachers made students put environmental measurement to cultivate their scientific knowledge of radiation in science classes. Classes also addressed the scientific basis through data and experiments. In school health field, teachers asked students to consider relationships between daily life and health, using knowledge learned in science classes. Moreover, teachers guided the students’ means of collecting information to improve their daily life and ability to deal with health problems in the event of environmental changes. The instruction that linked science with school health tied daily lives to scientific knowledge. This instruction can make a contribution to an education that develops a “Zest for Living”. In the future, this instruction can be more effective by incorporating school health into social studies, industrial arts and homemaking

「学校保健に求められる養護教諭の役割」を意識した取組とは

本研究の目的は，家庭教育の重要な役割である“習慣”に着目した取組を「これからの学校保健に求められる養護教諭の役割」という視点で実施し，その取組の成果と課題について考察することである。子どもたちの日頃の様子から“姿勢”の習慣を課題として取組を実施し，成果と課題を明らかにした。成果としては，本園の幼稚園歯科医と課題を共有し，関連する内容の歯科講話を依頼したことで，保健指導と同じ目的の歯科講話を実施していただくことができ，養護教諭の役割であるコーディネーター力が重要になると感じた。また，保健指導は子どもたちが“姿勢”を意識するきっかけとなり，変容がみられる子どももいたことから保健指導の重要性を認識することができた。本研究では「姿勢を意識させる」ことを中心に指導したが，今後体幹を鍛える運動を遊びの中で取り入れるなど担任等との連携を組織的に推進していきたい。The purpose of this study is showing the results and issues on approaches focusing on "habits" which make an important role in home education in terms of what a school nurse is required in the school health from now on. This study pays attention to the posture through observing children in the present. The school nurses make a chance to share this problem with the dentists at our school, and fortunately, the dentists make a speech about this problem which the school nurses concerned. Through this event, the school nurse finds the importance of coordinator role. Moreover, the researcher gets a chance to rethink how important health care guidance is because this event can change some student's behavior. In this study, the researcher focuses on getting students "to think of their posture", and corporates with homeroom teacher and asks them to focus on core training during playing