Recent Criterion on Stability Enhancement of Perovskite Solar Cells

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have captured the attention of the global energy research community in recent years by showing an exponential augmentation in their performance and stability. The supremacy of the light-harvesting efficiency and wider band gap of perovskite sensitizers have led to these devices being compared with the most outstanding rival silicon-based solar cells. Nevertheless, there are some issues such as their poor lifetime stability, considerable J–V hysteresis, and the toxicity of the conventional constituent materials which restrict their prevalence in the marketplace. The poor stability of PSCs with regard to humidity, UV radiation, oxygen and heat especially limits their industrial application. This review focuses on the in-depth studies of different direct and indirect parameters of PSC device instability. The mechanism for device degradation for several parameters and the complementary materials showing promising results are systematically analyzed. The main objective of this work is to review the effectual strategies of enhancing the stability of PSCs. Several important factors such as material engineering, novel device structure design, hole-transporting materials (HTMs), electron-transporting materials (ETMs), electrode materials preparation, and encapsulation methods that need to be taken care of in order to improve the stability of PSCs are discussed extensively. Conclusively, this review discusses some opportunities for the commercialization of PSCs with high efficiency and stability

Purification and preliminary characterization of Zinc(II) dependent transcription factor AdcR

Transition metals are essential micronutrients for organisms. Excess zinc can be lethal to bacterial survival. Zinc homeostasis is crucial and is regulated by zinc uptake and efflux system. Streptococcus pneumoniae AdcR (Adhesin competence regulator) transcription factor is the member of MarR (multiple antibiotic resistance regulator) family proteins that suppress the zinc upregulation transporter. In the absence of zinc, AdcR has less affinity to bind DNA and uptake genes are expressed in order to transport zinc inside the cell. Streptococcus pneumoniae is a gram-positive human pathogen that is capable of colonizing in the human nasopharynx, especially in young children and leads to severe diseases including pneumonia, septicaemia, and meningitis. In this work, we have transformed AdcR gene in E.Coli (BL21D3) cell, and we have overexpressed and purified AdcR using classical molecular biology and protein purification techniques. We also performed preliminary biophysical characterization of purified zinc(II) dependent transcription factor AdcR

Recent Criterion on Stability Enhancement of Perovskite Solar Cells

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have captured the attention of the global energy research community in recent years by showing an exponential augmentation in their performance and stability. The supremacy of the light-harvesting efficiency and wider band gap of perovskite sensitizers have led to these devices being compared with the most outstanding rival silicon-based solar cells. Nevertheless, there are some issues such as their poor lifetime stability, considerable J–V hysteresis, and the toxicity of the conventional constituent materials which restrict their prevalence in the marketplace. The poor stability of PSCs with regard to humidity, UV radiation, oxygen and heat especially limits their industrial application. This review focuses on the in-depth studies of different direct and indirect parameters of PSC device instability. The mechanism for device degradation for several parameters and the complementary materials showing promising results are systematically analyzed. The main objective of this work is to review the effectual strategies of enhancing the stability of PSCs. Several important factors such as material engineering, novel device structure design, hole-transporting materials (HTMs), electron-transporting materials (ETMs), electrode materials preparation, and encapsulation methods that need to be taken care of in order to improve the stability of PSCs are discussed extensively. Conclusively, this review discusses some opportunities for the commercialization of PSCs with high efficiency and stability