Impact of Knowledge Transfer on Empowerment among Personnel of Teaching Hospitals: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background. The value of services in healthcare institutions such as hospitals is created by leveraging the knowledge, skills, and experiences of their healthcare staff. Therefore, knowledge transfer is necessary to empower the employees in the hospital. Since few studies have explored the impact of knowledge transfer on the empowerment of hospital employees, this study aimed to investigate the impact of knowledge transfer and its components on employees' empowerment in Qazvin teaching hospitals. Methods. In this descriptive-analytic and cross-sectional study, 330 teaching hospital staff members of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences were investigated between February 2020 and May 2020. The required data were collected using the Knowledge Transfer Questionnaire (De-Castro, et al., 2008) and the Empowerment Questionnaire (Spreitzer, 1992). The data were analyzed using the correlation method and structural equation analysis (SEM) as well as using SPSS-22 and AMOS software. Results. There was a direct relationship between the dimensions of knowledge transfer and personnel empowerment, and all examined dimensions were above average. Moreover, the dimensions of knowledge transfer also had a significant impact on personnel empowerment. Regarding the fit of the model, the values of GFI, CFI, and NFI indices were obtained above 0.90. In addition, the RMSEA index was 0.074, which indicated the good fit of the model. Conclusion. In summary, the staff's empowerment level was enhanced through the knowledge transfer. Therefore, it was recommended that the hospital managers should improve the level of workers' empowerment by implementing effective strategies, such as providing training courses for the employees

Strengthened 32‐bit AES implementation: Architectural error correction configuration with a new voting scheme

Abstract Digital data transmission is day by day more vulnerable to both malicious and natural faults. With an aim to assure reliability, security and privacy in communication, a low‐cost fault resilient architecture for Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) is proposed. In order not to degrade the reliability of our AES architecture, the reliability of voter is very important, for which reason we have introduced a novel voting scheme include a majority voter (named TMR voter) and an error barrier element (named DMR voter). In this paper, a reliable and secure 32‐bit data‐path AES implementation based on our robust fault resilient approach is developed. We illustrate that the proposed architecture can tolerate up to triple‐bit (byte) simultaneous faults at each pipeline stage’s logic and verify our claim through extensive error simulations. Error simulation results also show that our architecture achieves close to 100% fault‐masking capability for multiple‐bit (byte) faults. Finally, it is shown that the Application‐Specific Integrated Circuit implementation of the fault‐tolerant architectures using the composite field‐based S‐box, CFB‐AES, and ROM‐based S‐box, RB‐AES allows better area usage, throughput and fault resilience trade‐off compared to their counterparts. So, it provides the most appropriate features to be used in highly‐secure resource‐constraint applications

Factors Affecting Academic Failure in Nursing Students of Qom University of Medical Sciences: A Qualitative Study

Introduction: Academic failure of students is a major problem of higher education. The aim of this qualitative study was to explore the factors causing academic failure in nursing students of Qom University of Medical Sciences in 2015. Methods: This qualitative study was carried out via conventional qualitative content analysis approach. A total of 21 nursing students (18 males and 3 females) who had a Grade Point Average (GPA) lower than the previous semester and were conditioned (average 12) were selected through purposive sampling from the School of Nursing and Midwifery at Qom University of Medical Sciences. Data were collected through semi-structured face-to-face interviews conducted with each individual. Interviews were continued until data saturation, taking about 45 to 70 minutes. Data analysis was performed simultaneously with data gathering. Results: In this study, the mean age of participants was 21.9±4.1 year. Data analysis demonstrated that individual factors, factors related to curriculum, teaching methods of the faculty, large number of students in class, lack of formative assessment of teachers, lack of interaction between the faculty and students, and failure to comply with lesson plans were major causes of academic failure among students. Conclusion: Based on the results, managers, instructors and counselors can monitor their students' academic achievement by careful planning, active teaching methods and continuous assessment of students, and conduct individual and group counseling sessions to prevent academic failure

Parents\' parenting styles with perfection in single-parent families and several children

Background & Aim: &nbsp;It is an effective way to nurture healthy people in the family education community and to provide parents with information. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between parental parenting styles and perfectionism in nursing and medical students of the Faculty of Medical Sciences of Abadan and its comparison with single-parent families and several children in 2014. Materials & Methods: This is a a descriptive-analytic approach. The study population consisted of 322 nursing and medical students who entered the study by simple random sampling. Demographic questionnaire, parenting styles questionnaire and perfectionism questionnaire were used to collect information. Results: There is no meaningful difference in men in the 4 dimensions of perfectionism (doubts about actions, parental expectations, parental criticism and ordering) between children and children, but worries about mistakes with a child are greater than worries about mistakes. With several children (P<0.05). The most influential child-rearing style in both sexes is male and female. In men, there is a positive and significant relationship between the authoritative parenting style and order. (P<0.01, r=0/68) And there is the least statistical relation between this parenting style and parental criticism (P<0.01, r=-0/37). Conclusion: Considering the abnormal structure of perfectionism, the recognition of the relationship between parental parenting styles and the perfectionism of children, in addition to advancing perfectionism and personality theories, has helped educators to apply in practice with education Appropriate childcare practices prevented the development of this structure to some extent

Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship Study on Thiosemicarbazone Derivatives as Antitubercular agents Using Artificial Neural Network and Multiple Linear Regression

Background and purpose: Nonlinear analysis methods for quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) studies better describe molecular behaviors, than linear analysis. Artificial neural networks are mathematical models and algorithms which imitate the information process and learning of human brain. Some S-alkyl derivatives of thiosemicarbazone are shown to be beneficial in prevention and treatment of mycobacterial infections and this study seeks to find out the relationship between structural features and the anti-tuberculosis activity of these compounds. Materials and methods: Multiple linear regression and Bayesian regularized artificial neural network (BRANN) for 47 compounds of thiosemicarbazone derivatives were designed using QSAR approaches. Descriptors were selected from a pool of 343 descriptors by stepwise selection and backward elimination. A three layer Bayesian regularized back-propagation feed-forward network was designed, optimized, and evaluated using MATLAB version R2009a. Results: The best model with 6 descriptors was found using multiple linear regression analysis: Log MIC= 2.592 + (0.067 ± 0.018) PMIX – (0.066 ± 0.017) PMIZ – (1.706 ± 1.600) Qneg – (0.235 ± 0.039) RDF030p + (0.118 ± 0.026) RDF 140u – (0.064 ± 0.021) RDF060p. The best BRANN model was a three-layer network with three nodes in its hidden layer. Conclusion: The BRANN model has a better predictive power than linear models and may better predict the anti-tuberculosis activity of new compounds with similar backbone of thiosemicarbazone moiety

Critical value in surgical pathology: evaluating the current status in a multicenter study

Abstract Background The concept of critical value is not evident in surgical pathology, and there is no established protocol for determining, reporting, and documenting these results. Materials and methods A questionnaire was designed regarding critical value in surgical pathology, and all pathologists and some clinicians from five laboratories were asked to participate through an invitation link. The most important items were selected, and all pathologists were instructed to follow a standard operating procedure to deal with critical results for a year. Results A total of 43 pathologists and 44 non-pathologists participated in the study. Some critical or unexpected items were selected. Most participants agreed that the optimal time to announce critical reports is within 24 h of establishing the final diagnosis, and a phone call was the most dependable communication option. In addition, the most qualified recipients were the attending physicians. Therefore, a written policy was implemented for a year. One hundred seventy-seven critical or unexpected cases (0.5%) were detected. Mucormycosis and cytomegalovirus (CMV) were the most frequent critical cases. Conclusion There are no set criteria for critical items or the reporting process in surgical pathology. It is possible to establish more uniform norms for reporting these cases by boosting pertinent research efforts and recruiting more pathologists and physicians. Additionally, it is advised that each medical facility compile its own unique critical or unexpected diagnosis list