Effect of Mother's Emotion Regulation Strategies Training on the Symptoms of Children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Background: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) as the most common behavioral disorder of childhood, can affect all aspects of a child’s life and their families. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of mother's emotion regulation strategies training on the symptoms of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Materials and Methods: We conducted a quasi-study among mothers with ADHD children (ranged age between 4 and 12 years) in the pediatric clinic of Ibn-e-Sina psychiatric hospital, affiliated to the Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran. Forty-four eligible mothers were randomly allocated to one of two parallel groups; the intervention group (n = 22) was trained for the emotion regulation (eight 90-minute sessions), and control group (n = 22). The Conner’s Parents Rating Scales-Revised Short version (CPRS-R: S) was administered to assess symptoms of ADHD children by mothers. The data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 16.0).   Results: The mean value of mothers’ age was 34.7 ± 4.1 years in intervention group and 37.2 ± 6.4 years in control group. The results of independent t-test revealed no significant difference in mean of hyperactivity scores between the two groups before intervention (P>0.05), and a significant difference immediately and one month after the intervention (

The Effect of Stress Management Training on Positive Experiences of Families Caring for Patients with Schizophrenia

Background: Living with schizophrenic patients and its associated stress and negative psychological burden can bring about different experiences for their families. The provision of stress management training for these families can be helpful in increasing self-confidence and enhancing interpersonal communication in these caregivers, which can improve their mental health status and enhance the quality of patient care. Aim: Regarding this, the aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of stress management training on positive experiences of the families giving care to patients suffering from schizophrenia. Method: This randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on 57 primary caregivers of schizophrenic patients admitted to Ibn Sina Hospital in Mashhad, Iran in 2016. For the purpose of the study, the participants were divided into the control (including 29 individuals) and experimental groups (entailing 28 subjects). Subsequently, a stress management training program was administered on the experimental group within six one-hour sessions. On the other hand, the control group only received educational pamphlets on stress management at the end of the study. Additionally, the standardized Experience of Caregiving Inventory developed by Szmukler et al. was filled out by the caregivers before and three months after the intervention. The data analysis was performed using independent-samples t-test and Mann-Whitney U test through SPSS version 11.5. Results: The findings of this study revealed that 50% (14 cases) and 69% (20 subjects) of the participants in the experimental and control groups were female, respectively. The results revealed no significant differences in the total scores for positive experiences of the caregivers in the control (61.2±17.3) and experimental groups (62.3±20.7) at the pre-intervention stage (P=0.40). Likewise, no significant difference was observed between the total scores of the control group (64.5±14.3) and experimental group (67.6±12.9) at the post-intervention stage (P=0.40). Conclusion: Given the findings of the present study and considering that positive experiences are taken into account as parts of high levels of needs and performance among the caregivers, it seems that improving such positive experiences requires specific and complementary interventions

Comparison of the Quality of Life of Addicts Participating in Either Narcotics Anonymous or, Therapeutic Community Group Sessions or Receiving Methadone-Therapy a Cohort Study in Mashhad in 2013

Background: Chronic and prolonged illnesses and disorders, such as addiction, lead to a crisis in the lives of people with disabilities and can lead to a decrease in their quality of life. Therefore, in this study, we decided to compare the quality of life of individuals with substance use disorders who participate in Narcotics Anonymous, therapeutic Community session with Methadone-treated groups. Methods: This cohort study was conducted on detoxified patients attending Narcotics anonymous, therapeutic community sessions and Methadone-treated place. Quality of life of subjects measured at baseline and 1.5 months after the start of treatment. Data were analyzed by SPSS19 software using ANOVA, paired t-test, Chi-square analysis. Results: The mean score of quality of life between three groups was not significantly different at the beginning of the study, but the mean score of quality of life among individuals with substance use disorders participating in the sessions of Narcotics anonymous and therapeutic community group increased significantly (P <0.001) 1.5 months after the start of treatment. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that the presence of detoxified persons in sessions of Narcotics anonymous and therapeutic community was effective in improving their quality of life. However, this effect is greater in Narcotics Anonymous. Therefore it was suggested that individuals with substance use disorders participate in these meetings

Comparing the Effects of Continuous Care Model and Psychological Support Training Package on Self-Care in Patients with Bipolar I Disorder

Background: Despite the growing prevalence of bipolar I disorder (BD-I), implementation of continuous care after hospital discharge in these patients is limited. Aim: To compare the effects of continuous care model (CCM) and psychological support training package (PSTP) on self-care in patients with BD-I. Method: This clinical trial was conducted during 2017-2018 on 90 BD-I patients admitted to Ibn-Sina Psychiatric Hospital in Mashhad, Iran. CCM and PSTP designed in the form of a CD and a manual were implemented (within 12 weeks) to intervention groups. A control group received the routine care. The research instrument was Roldan-Merino Self-Care Requisites Scale completed before and two months following the intervention. To analyze the data, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was run in SPSS, version 16. Results: The two study groups were homogeneous in terms of demographic characteristics. The results of one-way ANOVA before the intervention revealed no significant difference among the three groups considering self-care mean scores (P=0.52); however, this variable was significantly different among the groups following the intervention (

The Effect of Psychology Clerkship on Empathy toward Mental Disorders in nursing students

Introduction: Empathy toward patients with mental disorders is important.&nbsp; This study aims to determine the effect of psychology clerkship on empathy toward patients with psychiatric disorders in nursing students. Methods: In this quasi-experimental study with pre and post-test design, those who enrolled in apprenticeship course 1 in Ibne-Sina Psychiatric Hospital of Mashhad have been selected by random cluster sampling. Jefferson nurses' empathy questionnaire was completed in three stages before the start of psyche clerkship, on the last day of psyche clerkship and one month after the psyche clerkship in order to investigate any outcome. Data analysis was carried out by variance analysis test with repeated measures. Results: The results showed that there was a significant mean change in the total empathy score before the start of psychology clerkship (97.0 &plusmn; 12.5), the last day of psychology clerkship (98.9 &plusmn;12.3) and one month after the end of psyche clerkship (100.0 &plusmn; 11.6) (p <0.005). Conclusion: psyche clerkship improves empathy toward mental disorders in nursing students. &nbsp

Comparing the Effects of Contact-Based Education and Acceptance and Commitment-Based Training on Empathy Toward Mental Illnesses Among Nursing Students

Objective: Empathy is an important and valuable tool in therapeutic communication. Improvement barriers of empathy in psychiatric nursing education are associated with challenges, such as stress due to negative attitudes toward psychiatric disorders. The current study aimed at comparing the effects of contact-based education and commitment and acceptance-based training on empathy toward mental illnesses among nursing students. Method: In this clinical trial, 111 nursing students were selected using cluster and quota sampling methods in Mashhad, Iran. They were divided into 3 groups: (1) contact-based education (interpersonal contact among individuals with improved mental illnesses), (2) acceptance and commitment-based training, and (3) control group. The study tool was Jefferson Nurses Empathy Questionnaire, which was completed in 3 stages of pretest, posttest, and follow- up. Data were analyzed by repeated- measures ANOVA. Results: There was no significant difference between contact-based education and acceptance and commitment-based training groups in increasing the average score of total empathy during pretest, posttest, and 1-month follow- up (p = 0/92). However, a significant difference was found between contact-based education and control group (p = 0/004) and between acceptance and commitment-based training and control group (p = 0/02). Conclusion: Both methods of contact-based education and acceptance and commitment-based therapy were effective in increasing the level of empathy into mental illnesses in nursing students

Effect of Psychology Internship on Stigma of Psychiatric Disorders in Nursing Students

Background and Objective: Little attention has been paid to psychiatric disorder stigma and its impact on the selection of occupation of nurses in mental health centers during the mental internship courses, despite its importance in following up and treatment of this type of diseases. This study aimed to determine the effect of psychology internship on the stigma of psychiatric disorders in nursing students. Materials and Methods: This post-event study had one group and a pretest-posttest design. In total, 93 undergraduate nursing students at the fourth semesters of study, who were passing their psychology internship 1 course in Ebn'e Sina hospital in Mashhad, Iran. Subjects were selected through random cluster and quota sampling methods. Data collection tool was the opening minds stigma scale for health care providers (OMS-HC) by Kassam, filled at 3 different times, including before, on the last day, and 1 month after the psychology internship. Data analysis was performed using repeated measures ANOVA. Results: In this study, a significant difference was observed in changes among the periods of before (58.0±6.5), on the last day (55.9±5.4) and one month after (54.3±5.6) the psychology internship in terms of the total stigma score (P<0.001). Conclusion: According to the results of the study, psychology internship had positive impacts on reduced psychiatric disorder stigma in nursing students

The Impact of Smoking Cessation Training-Counseling Programs on Success of Quitting Smoking in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome

Background: The smokers who use supportive programs have a greater chance to quit smoking. Smoking cessation recommendation is one of the most important prevention and treatment methods mentioned in care guidelines provided for patients with acute coronary syndrome. Aim: The main objective of this study is to determine the effects of training-counseling programs on smoking cessation in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Method: In this randomized controlled clinical trial, 51 patients with acute coronary syndrome in Ghaem and Imam Reza hospitals in Mashhad, 2015, after filling the Multinational Monitoring of Trends and Determinants in Cardiovascular Disease (MONICA) questionnaire, were categorized into two groups. Intervention group received smoking cessation training-counseling program and control group received some advices/recommendations to quit smoking. After a three-month telephone follow-up, smoking cessation standard questionnaire was filled for all patients. The data were analyzed using SPSS v11.5 and Chi-square test. Results: The age of study participants was 52.6± 7.9 and 56.2±12.3 for intervention and control group, respectively. According to Chi-square test, a significant difference was observed between intervention and control groups in first through fifth stages after the intervention in terms of  succeed to quit smoking (

Effects of Emotion Regulation Training on Attachment Style of Primiparous Pregnant Women with Insecure Attachment

Background: Pregnant women with insecure attachment style are at high risk of psychiatric disorders. Since emotions are the first coordinators of attachment behavior, emotion regulation training can alter maternal attachment style. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of emotion regulation training on the attachment styles of primiparous pregnant women with insecure attachment style. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of training programs on the headache of patients after spinal anesthesia. Method: This randomized, clinical trial on 40 primiparous pregnant women with age range of 30-34 years, who were referred to healthcare centers of Mashhad, Iran, during 2014. The data collection instrument was Revised Adult Attachment Scale (RAAS). The participants were assigned to intervention and control groups. A training program was implemented on emotion regulation based on dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) for the intervention group. After delivery, RAAS was completed by the mothers again. The control group only received the routine care. To analyze the data, Chi-square and independent t-test were run using SPSS, version 15. Results: Mean ages of the mothers in the intervention and control groups were 26.9±4.04 and 27.5±3.5 years, respectively. According to the results of independent t-test, the difference between the groups was non-significant (P=0.77). The groups were analogous in terms of attachment style pre-intervention. After the intervention, independent t-test did not reflect any significant differences between the groups regarding avoidant (P=0.37) and anxious (P=0.11) attachment styles. However, mean score for secure attachment style was significantly enhanced (P=0.01). Implications for Practice: Our findings revealed that implementation of emotion regulation training increased secure attachment scores. Thus, implementing emotion regulation training program is recommended as part of a program for pre-natal care in healthcare centers

The Effect of Anger Management Training Using Workshop and Training Package Methods on the Aggression of Patients with Addiction

Background: Given the importance of anger controlling on addicts aggression at withdrawal beginning and their specific conditions, it is essential that different educational methods tailored to the content anger management to reduce aggression and control anger in the addicted people. Aim: This study aimed to compare the effect of anger management training using workshop and training package methods on the aggression of patients with addiction. Method: In this  randomized clinical trial, 60 Clients referred to the addiction withdrawal clinic of psychiatric hospitals of Mashhad  in 2014-2015, were allocated into three groups, educational workshops)n=20) (4 sessions over 2 days of anger management training) and  training package (n = 20)(trained as a manual and CD) and control (n = 20)(no intervention). Bass & Perry Aggression Questionnaire was implemented immediately before and one month after the intervention.  For data analysis, ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis and paired t-test were performed, using SPSS version 11.5. Results Based on the results of One-way ANOVA, there was a significant difference between the three groups of workshop (14.7±9.4), training package (10.3±5.3), and control (-2.8±3.6); (