An Epidemiological Survey of Tongue Lesions in the Oral Pathology Department of Khorasgan Dental School From 2010 to 2020

Background and aims: Many pathologic conditions can affect the tongue and their pattern of occurrence may differ. The objective of this study was the epidemiological survey of tongue lesions reported in a 10-year period in the Oral Pathology Department of Khorasgan Dental School. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 800 biopsy records were retrieved from the archives of the Oral Pathology Department of Khorasgan Dental School and examined. Moreover, the prevalence of lesions was investigated in terms of age and gender using descriptive statistics. Results: The prevalence of lesions analyzed in the present study was 4.37. About 71.42 of the participants were female and 28.58 were male. Irritation fibroma had the highest frequency (20). The most frequent lesion among women was lichen planus with a prevalence of 20 and the most frequent lesion among men was irritation fibroma with a prevalence of 30. The highest frequency was observed in the age group of 21-30 years. Squamous papilloma, lichen planus, and irritation fibroma were the most common lesions with a prevalence of 25. No lesion was detected in people aged 1-10 years. Conclusion: In the present study, reactive lesions were the most prevalent tongue lesions. According to the findings, changing the lifestyle and observing oral hygiene seem to help prevent these lesions to a large extent

Integrated approach to organization of educational cluster in musical education

У статті розглядаються питання про теоретичні і практичні аспекти вирішення проблеми інтеграції в мистецькій освіті з метою підвищення її якості. Одним із варіантів розв’язання цієї проблеми є інтегративний підхід до організації освітніх ресурсів і створення кластера. Нова освітня структура висуває нові вимоги до керування освітнім процесом. Головним результатом реалізації духовного потенціалу особистості в системі мистецької освіти є гармонійно розвинена особистість учителя музичного мистецтва, здатного відповідати творчим, культурно-мистецьким вимогам суспільства, упроваджувати соціально значущі ініціативи та інноваційні нововведення; мобільно реагувати на соціальні запити.В статье рассматриваются вопросы о теоретических и практических аспектах решения проблемы интеграции в художественном образовании с целью повышения ее качества. Одним из вариантов решения этой проблемы является интегративный подход к организации образовательных ресурсов и создания кластера. Новая образовательная структура выдвигает новые требования к управлению образовательным процессом. Главным результатом реализации духовного потенциала личности в системе художественного образования является гармонично развитая личность учителя музыкального искусства, способного отвечать творческим, культурно-художественным требованиям общества, внедрять социально значимые инициативы и инновационные нововведения; мобильно реагировать на социальные запросы.The article deals with the theoretical and practical aspects of solving the problem of integration in artistic education in order to improve its quality. One of the solutions to this problem is an integrative approach to organizing educational resources and creating a cluster. The new educational structure puts forward new requirements for managing educational process. The main result of the implementation of the spiritual potential of an individual in the system of artistic education is the harmoniously developed personality of a music art teacher, able to meet the creative, cultural and artistic requirements of the society, to introduce socially significant initiatives and innovations; to respond to social queries in a mobile way. The implementation of a competency-based approach in artistic education provides wide opportunities to create an effective system for training and enhancing the skills of musical and pedagogical staff on the basis of a combination of national achievements of world importance and established European traditions through the formation of professional and personal experience of a music art teacher. The search of approaches to the renewal of the general paradigm and the choice of optimal technologies for the revival and development of spiritual culture of an individual and society is really possible, first of all, under the conditions of providing new theoretical and methodical principles. Of particular significance is the direction of the global-value, spiritual positions of modern pedagogical science to strengthen the spiritual forces of the younger generation, which play a strategic role in the process of human survival. It should be emphasized that the formation of a new educational paradigm takes place today in accordance with the general philosophical and psychological problems through the prism of both socio-cultural and anthropological dimensions. It enables from the new positions to comprehend the essence of spiritual-ideological consciousness and to develop approaches to its formation during the educational process. In affirming the idea of integrity with regard to the understanding of personality, modern pedagogical science proceeds from the general philosophical principle of the internal interconnection and interdependence of processes and phenomena of the surrounding world. Continuous artistic education functions as a synergy of various technologies and forms of processing information on personal professional knowledge through a nonlinear polylogue. The system of continuous education today is presented in institutionalized (formal education) and non-institutionalized (non-formal and informal education) forms that systematically ensure the professional development of the individual in the artistic sphere

Investigating the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) Hypothesis and Economic Growth in Iran's Industrial Provinces Based on the DOLS Approach

Introduction: Over a long period of time, there can be a direct correlation between economic growth and environmental quality, a negative correlation, or a combination of the two. Many studies and research have been conducted on this topic (the relationship between economic growth and environmental quality). In the field of sustainability economics, one of the most significant debates involves the effects of economic growth on the environment. Currently, fossil fuels are being used more and more intensively due to the industrialization of our societies. The combustion of these fuels results in the emission of a wide range of toxic and hazardous substances. This has a detrimental effect on the environment, including global warming and climate change.  As a result of this study, three different forms of real GDP per capita have been examined: an inverted U shape, an N shape, and a combination of each of these three shapes. In terms of the volume of pollutants emitted from the industrial sector, the power of two and the power of three were calculated for 12 industrial provinces of the country during the period of 1376-1399 using the long-term panel econometric method of dynamic least squares. The results of the estimations are such that the environmental assumptions of Kuznets are valid for all three pollutants. In addition, an increase in real GDP per capita is associated with an increase in pollution. After reaching the maximum, the amount of pollution decreased. Finally, with a further increase in production, the rate of pollution decreased. According to the DOLS technique, the upward trend of increasing pollution continues, and the N-shaped curve has been confirmed by specifying the second and third-degree relationships of economic growth in 12 industrial provinces during the specified period by using the DOLS technique.Materials and Methods: The first objective of this study is to investigate the mean of the variables using panel unit root tests. After that, with the Kao cointegration test, we determine whether or not there is a cointegration relationship between the variables. To conclude, the coefficients of variables have been estimated using the fully modified least squares method and dynamic least squares.Results: An inverted U and an N shape of GDP were examined in three different ways; at first glance, the power of two and the power of three affected pollution levels in the industry sector. Using long-term panel econometric methods of dynamic least squares, 12 industrial provinces between 1376 and 1399 will be examined for carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and sulfur trioxide. In all three cases, the estimation results are such that Kuznets' assumptions about the environment are valid.Discussion: As a result of the estimation of the models using the DOLS method in the investigation of Kuznets' environmental curve, and by specifying economic growth relationships at the second and third degree in 12 industrial provinces in the country during the selected period, the N-shaped curve has been confirmed. The inclusion of the urbanization variable in the model has led to an increasing correlation between pollution and urbanization. The consumption of fossil fuels has increased as a result of urbanization, resulting in a rise in air pollution. In the ascending part of the Kuznets environmental curve, Iran is clearly in the first stage of pollution. Furthermore, it is at the beginning of the relationship between production and pollution. Additionally, we will witness long-term pollution accumulation in the environment as pollution in Iran continues to grow at a positive rate

Significant increase in cyanide degradation by Bacillus sp. M01 PTCC 1908 with response surface methodology optimization

Abstract Cyanide is used in many industries despite its toxicity. Cyanide biodegradation is affordable and eco-friendly. Sampling from cyanide-contaminated areas from the Muteh gold mine and isolation of 24 bacteria were performed successfully. The selected bacteria—‘Bacillus sp. M01’—showed maximum tolerance (15 mM) to cyanide and deposited in Persian Type Culture Collection by PTCC No.: 1908. In the primary experiments, effective factors were identified through the Plackett–Burman design. In order to attain the maximum degradation by Bacillus sp. M01 PTCC 1908, culture conditions were optimized by using response surface methodology. By optimizing the effective factor values and considering the interaction between them, the culture conditions were optimized. The degradation percentage was calculated using one-way ANOVA vs t test, and was found to have increased 2.35 times compared to pre-optimization. In all of the experiments, R2 was as high as 91%. The results of this study are strongly significant for cyanide biodegradation. This method enables the bacteria to degrade 86% of 10 mM cyanide in 48 h. This process has been patented in Iranian Intellectual Property Centre under Licence No: 90533

Cohnella amylopullulanases: Biochemical characterization of two recombinant thermophilic enzymes.

Some industries require newer, more efficient recombinant enzymes to accelerate their ongoing biochemical reactions in harsh environments with less replenishment. Thus, the search for native enzymes from extremophiles that are suitable for use under industrial conditions is a permanent challenge for R & D departments. Here and toward such discoveries, two sequences homologous to amylopullulanases (EC 3.2.1.41, GH57) from an endogenous Cohnella sp., [Coh00831 (KP335161; 1998 bp) and Coh01133 (KP335160: 3678 bp)] were identified. The genes were heterologously expressed in E. coli to both determine their type and further characterize their properties. The isolated DNA was PCR amplified with gene specific primers and cloned in pET28a, and the recombinant proteins were expressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3). The temperatures and pH optima of purified recombinants Coh 01133 and Coh 00831 enzymes were 70°C and 8, and 60°C and 6, respectively. These enzymes are stable more than 90% in 60°C and 50°C for 90 min respectively. The major reactions released sugars which could be fractionated by HPLC analysis, from soluble starch were mainly maltose (G2), maltotriose (G3) and maltotetraose (G4). The enzymes hydrolyzed pullulan to maltotriose (G3) only. Enzyme activities for both proteins were improved in the availability of Mn2+, Ba2+, Ca2+, and Mg2+ and reduced in the presence of Fe2+, Li2+, Na2+, Triton X100 and urea. Moreover, Co2+, K+, and Cu2+ had a negative effect only on Coh 01133 enzyme

An Overview of Emerging Cyanide Bioremediation Methods

Cyanide compounds are hazardous compounds which are extremely toxic to living organisms, especially free cyanide in the form of hydrogen cyanide gas (HCN) and cyanide ion (CN−). These cyanide compounds are metabolic inhibitors since they can tightly bind to the metals of metalloenzymes. Anthropogenic sources contribute significantly to CN− contamination in the environment, more specifically to surface and underground waters. The treatment processes, such as chemical and physical treatment processes, have been implemented. However, these processes have drawbacks since they generate additional contaminants which further exacerbates the environmental pollution. The biological treatment techniques are mostly overlooked as an alternative to the conventional physical and chemical methods. However, the recent research has focused substantially on this method, with different reactor configurations that were proposed. However, minimal attention was given to the emerging technologies that sought to accelerate the treatment with a subsequent resource recovery from the process. Hence, this review focuses on the recent emerging tools that can be used to accelerate cyanide biodegradation. These tools include, amongst others, electro-bioremediation, anaerobic biodegradation and the use of microbial fuel cell technology. These processes were demonstrated to have the possibility of producing value-added products, such as biogas, co-factors of neurotransmitters and electricity from the treatment process

Study the effect of F17S mutation on the chimeric Bacillus thermocatenulatus lipase

Lipases (triacylglycerol acylhydrolase, EC 3.1.1.3) are one of the highest value commercial enzymes as they have potential applications in biotechnology for detergents, food, pharmaceuticals, leather, textiles, cosmetics, and paper industries; and are currently receiving considerable attention because of their potential applications in biotechnology. Bacillus thermocatenulatus Lipase 2 (BTL2) is one of the most important research targets, because of its potential industrial applications. In this study, the effect of substitution Phe17 with Ser in mutated BTL2 lipase, which conserved pentapeptide (112Ala-His-Ser-Gln-Gly116) was replaced with similar sequences (207Gly-Glu-Ser-Ala-Gly211) of Candida rugosa lipase (CLR) at the nucleophilic elbow region. Docking results confirmed the mutated lipase to be better than the chimeric lipase. So, cloning was conducted, and the mutated and chimeric btl2 genes were expressed in Escherichia coli, and then the enzymes were purified by anion exchange chromatography. The mutation increased lipase lipolytic activity against most of the applied substrates, with the exception of tributyrin when compared with chimeric lipase. Further, the mutated lipase exhibited higher activity than the chimeric lipase at all temperatures. Optimum pH of the mutated lipase was obtained at pH 9.5, which was more than the chimeric one. Enzyme activity of the mutated lipase in the presence of organic solvents, detergents, and metal ions was also improved than the chimeric lipase

Vancomycin minimum inhibitory concentration for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections; is there difference in mortality between patients?

New data indicates that vancomycin may be less effective against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections with minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) within a sensitive range.The aim of this study was to determine the distribution of the vancomycin MIC between MRSA strains and observe the difference in mortality between patients, while the influence of changes in MIC on the efficacy of vancomycin was also examined.A routine date-based study was conducted on 41 MRSA isolates in a hospital in Tehran, Iran. The isolates were assessed for MIC by using the E-test method, and results were categorized into three groups: A (MIC < 1.5 μg/mL), B (1.5 ≤ MIC < 2 μg/mL) and C (MIC ≥ 2 μg/mL) MRSA.Group A was the most common group, followed by groups C and B. Although there was no statistically significant difference between patients' mortality with the MIC group, the mortality rate of group A was higher than C and B.Regarding Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) definition for vancomycin susceptibility (MIC < 2 μg/mL), it seems that vancomycin may not be considered as the best antibiotic in order to treat heteroresistant vancomycin intermediate S. aureus (hVISA) and vancomycin sensitive S. aureus (VSSA) infections, and a new breakpoint for vancomycin and alternative antibiotics should be considered