The Relationship Between Interaction, Self-Regulation of Learning with Satisfaction 0f Education in the Smart Schools

In the recent years there has been a movement in building smart schools in Iran and according to statistics it is increasingly growing in our country. Since technology can’t improve the learning of students by itself therefore in order to create an environment for students to learn better, special prerequisites are needed; the researchers in the present study aim at investigating the relationship between learning self-regulation with education in smart schools in Tehran. The research  using the descriptive-correlation method, by means of a researcher-made questionnaire. The research population (2000 people) and the sample (251 people) of this study, included students of full-smart schools of Tehran. The main question of this study is: what is the effect of the each variable of learner-learner, learner-teacher, learner- content, and self –regulated learning in satisfaction score anticipation of students? Analyzing the research finding of multiple linear regression analysis showed that: two variants of interaction between learner-teacher and self-regulation learning can anticipate the satisfaction variable of education in a positive way. The interaction of learner-teacher variable in showing the educational satisfaction was more than self- regulated learning. Among the interaction subscale, the learner- content subscale with the mean of 2.44 had the highest mean in comparison to the other interaction scale

The effects of the combination of resistance exercise and heat stress on cell production and plasma levels of cytokines

Global warming and its effects on human health encouragethe examination of the effect of resistance exercise and heat stress on cytokines production. The aim of this study was to investigate the interaction effect of resistance training and heat on the immune system of healthy active men. Six trained males (27.83±1.9 years, 86.45±10.3 kg) completed a 60-minute resistance exercise with 75% 1RM in two conditions (~25 °C, normal or ~35 °C, heat). The following were evaluated: LPS-stimulated cytokine production, plasma cytokine levels, and cortisol. The results showed that heat stress increased (P=0.027) plasma IL-6 and remained high after 1 hr (P=0.026). Upon stimulation with LPS, IL-6 cell production in heat and normal conditions increased immediately (PH=0.026; PN=0.048), decreased 1 hr after exercise, and returned to baseline (PH=0.005; PN=0.033). However, post-exercise LPS-TNF-α release decreased immediately only in a heated environment (P=0.029). The concentration of blood cortisol was unaffected by normal or heat conditions. The findings of this research suggest that other factors beyond cortisol regulated cytokines during heat-exposed exercise. Furthermore, the IL-6 had a regulatory function on TNF-α release. These cytokine changes showed that real work in similar temperatures did not negatively affect the immune system

The effects of the combination of resistance exercise and heat stress on cell production and plasma levels of cytokines

Global warming and its effects on human health encourage the examination of the effect of resistance exercise and heat stress on cytokines production. The aim of this study was to investigate the interaction effect of resistance training and heat on the immune system of healthy active men. Six trained males (27.83±1.9 years, 86.45±10.3 kg) completed a 60-minute resistance exercise with 75% 1RM in two conditions (~25 °C, normal or ~35 °C, heat). The following were evaluated: LPS-stimulated cytokine production, plasma cytokine levels, and cortisol. The results showed that heat stress increased (P=0.027) plasma IL-6 and remained high after 1 hr (P=0.026). Upon stimulation with LPS, IL-6 cell production in heat and normal conditions increased immediately (PH=0.026; PN=0.048), decreased 1 hr after exercise, and returned to baseline (PH=0.005; PN=0.033). However, post-exercise LPS-TNF-α release decreased immediately only in a heated environment (P=0.029). The concentration of blood cortisol was unaffected by normal or heat conditions. The findings of this research suggest that other factors beyond cortisol regulated cytokines during heat-exposed exercise. Furthermore, the IL-6 had a regulatory function on TNF-α release. These cytokine changes showed that real work in similar temperatures did not negatively affect the immune system

Assessment of Blood Pressure in Primary Monosymptomatic Nocturnal Enuresis

Introduction: Enuresis is defined as the repeated voiding of urine into bed at least twice a week for at least 3 consecutive months in a child who is at least 5 years of age. Primary enuresis occurs in children who have never been consistently dry through the night.  Monosymptomatic enuresis has no associated daytime symptoms. Increased nocturnal urine production in primary nocturnal enuretic patients could possibly be associated with autonomic nervous system dysfunction. The aim of this study was to investigate autonomic nervous system function in enuretic children.Materials and Methods: In this study, children with monosymptomatic primary nocturnal enuresis (MPNE) and healthy children without MPNE were enrolled and their blood pressure was measured twice a day (in the morning and afternoon). Urinalysis, urine electrolyte levels, urinary culture, and urinary system ultrasound were performed in all the children. They were also requested to have a diary about daily fluid intake and the volume of daily urine.Results: The MPNE group comprised 100 children (M/F: 58/42) and the control group included 100 healthy children (M/F: 51/49). The mean age of the children was 8.1±2.3 and (8.9±2.53 years in MPNE and control groups, respectively. The mean diastolic blood pressure (DBP) during the nighttime and daytime did not differ between the groups (p-value>0.05); however, the mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) was significantly higher in the nighttime in the MPNE group (p-value<0.05) but did not differ between the groups during the daytime (p-value>0.05).Conclusions: Nighttime SBP was significantly higher in children with MPNE. These subtle abnormalities of the circadian blood pressure regulation may reflect autonomic nervous system dysfunction and contribute to the pathogenesis of MPNE.Keywords: Child; Enuresis; Blood pressure; Autonomic dysfunctio

A Case Report of Neonatal Atrial Flutter with Poor Feeding and Tachypnea

Background: Arrhythmias in neonates are not common and usually affect newborns with a normal heart or those that suffer from structural heart disease. A malignant type of arrhythmias is supraventricular tachycardia. Meanwhile, one uncommon type of supraventricular arrhythmias is atrial flutter (AFL), which is founded upon reentry mechanisms in the atrium. The AFL may result in heart failure or even death, but the majority of its cases have revealed favorable prognosis in the event of early prenatal diagnosis and immediate treatment.Case report: A four-day term male newborn with a birth weight of 4,560 g born to a 43-year-old multiparous mother was delivered through cesarean section. The patient’s admission to the hospital was on account of her poor feeding and tachypnea. The results of physical checkup exhibited tachycardia with 210 beats/min, and electrocardiogram (ECG) indicated a narrow QRS complex tachycardia with P-waves in the leads II and III that showed AFL. The adenosine injection revealed atrioventricular conduction 2.1. Therefore, oral propranolol therapy with a dosage of 3 mg/kg/day was prescribed for the patient. Given the recurrence of AFL, cardioversion was conducted with 0.25 joule/kg until the rhythm was restored to normal. Later, the normal sinus rhythm was observed on ECG. Fifteen days after birth, the patient was discharged with a perfect general state. The results of a 6-month follow-up did not show any AFL.Conclusion: Despite its rare occurrence, AFL must be considered in the differential diagnosis of newborns with poor feeding with tachypnea and tachycardia

Isolated Right Ventricular Non-compaction in a Neonate Born to a Mother with Gestational Diabetes: A Case Report

Background: Ventricular non-compaction, which is a rare congenital cardiomyopathy, results from an arrest in normal endomyocardial embryogenesis. It is characterized by a pattern of prominent trabecular meshwork and deep inter-trabecular recesses. The clinical manifestations include systolic and diastolic dysfunctions, heart failure, ventricular arrhythmias, and cardioembolic events.Case report: Here we present the case of a neonate (38 weeks, weighing 2580 gr) born to a mother with gestational diabetes (GDM) with isolated right ventricular non-compaction (IRVNC) and systolic and diastolic right heart dysfunction due to meconium aspiration syndrome and tension pneumothorax. A 4-month follow-up demonstrated a complete improvement in the newborn.Conclusion: It is of paramount importance to consider RVNC cardiomyopathy a differential diagnosis of cyanosis and respiratory distress due to meconium aspiration syndrome in neonate s born to mothers with GDM. Apart from RV cardiac dysfunction, RVNC could cause such complications as pulmonary hypertension and tension pneumothorax. It can be also spontaneously improved in GMD

Complete Congenital Heart Block in a Neonatal Lupus Erythematosus Associated with Pulmonary Involvement without Pacemaker Implantation: A Case Report

Background: Neonatal lupus erythematosus is an uncommon disease. Congenital complete heart block (CCHB) usually happens in neonates with maternal systemic lupus erythematosus. The most prevalent presentation of CCHBis bradycardiathatcanbediagnosed through an electrocardiogram. Case report: Here in, we present the case of a full-term male neonate with gestational age of 37 weeks and birth weight of 2200 g, whose mother had positive anti-Ro/SSA antibodies. The mother was asymptomatic without any criteria of systemic lupus erythematosus. The newborn presented with bradycardia, respiratory distressand narrow QRS complex without structural heart disease. He was connected to mechanical ventilator and did not need pacemaker implantation. Conclusion: This case report was conducted on a newborn with CCHB associated with pulmonary disorder. The newborn was intubated due to respiratory distress and did not need pacemaker implantation; however, after 8-month follow up, excellent outcomes were observed. It seems that atelectasis and mechanical ventilation can intolerance, and pacemaker implantation did not need in NLE with CCHB with narrowing QRS complex

Comparison of Effect of Prone and Right Lateral Positions on Gastric Residual Volume in Preterm Newborns

Background: Nutritional problems in premature newborns are of great importance for their development. In this regard, the neonatal positioning during and after feeding can have a significant effect on their nutritional tolerance. Therefore, the present study was conducted to compare the effect of two positions (i.e., prone and right lateral) on gastric residual volume in preterm newborns after gavage feeding. Methods: This crossover clinical trial was performed on 52 eligible premature newborns who were selected using purposive sampling. They were randomly assigned into two groups, namely A and B. After gavage feeding, the newborns in group A were placed in the prone position and their gastric residual volume was measured 3 times. Subsequently, after gavage feeding, they were put in the right lateral position and subjected to the same measurement. On the other hand, the newborns in group B were first put in the right lateral and then a prone position. The other procedures and measurements were performed the same as those in group A. The data were analyzed using repeated measure ANOVA. Results: The results indicated a significant difference regarding the mean value of gastric residual volume (P=0.001). Moreover, the mean gastric residual volume in the prone position (2.152±0.299) was significantly (P=0.001) lower than that in the lateral position (2.618±0.403). Conclusion: According to the results, The prone position can reduce the mean gastric residual. Therefore, it can be recommended as a suitable position after gavage feeding in premature newborns

Myocarditis and Meningitis during Early Sepsis in a Neonate with Streptococcus pseudopneumoniae: A Case Report

Although myocarditis is uncommon in neonates, a wide variety of infectious pathogens can result in myocarditis, including viruses, bacteria, rickettsia, fungi, and protozoa. Viruses are most often the infectious disease found to cause acute myocarditis. On the other hand, bacterial myocarditis (BM) is an unusual cause of infectious myocarditis. BM is commonly seen in the context of sepsis or as part of a bacterial syndrome. Streptococcus pseudopneumoniae has mostly been isolated from the respiratory tract specimens. This infection is not prevalent in neonates. In this case report, a 5-day-old male neonate was admitted with the signs of fever, jaundice, and poor feeding. Moreover, he was lethargic and hypotonic with reduced neonatal reflexes and obvious tachycardia. Clinical and physical examinations were performed in addition to chest X-rays, echocardiography, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis, and other laboratory tests. The final diagnosis was confirmed as myocarditis and meningitis. The patient was treated with antibiotics and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG). On the sixth day of hospitalization, fever of the neonate fever resolved. On the 24th day, the CSF analysis was normal and the CSF, as well as blood culture were negative. The patient was discharged on the 30th day in good general and physical condition. The subsequent echocardiography performed four months’ post-hospitalization was normal

Comparison of the Effects of Supine and Prone Positions on Oxygen Saturation and Vital Signs in Premature Infants: A Crossover Clinical Trial

Background: Positioning of premature newborns significantly affects their health status. However, the most suitable position remains controversial. The current study aimed to compare the effect of supine and prone positions on oxygen saturation and vital signs in premature newborns. Methods: In this crossover clinical trial, a total of 22 newborns admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of Amir Kabir Hospital in Arak, Iran, were selected through purposive sampling technique, and then randomly assigned into groups 1 and 2. Newborns in group 1 were first placed in a prone position (i.e., the first period for 3 h), and then in a supine position (i.e., the second period for an additional 3 h). The reverse procedure was applied to the intervention group 2. Heart rate, respiratory rate, and oxygen saturation were measured and recorded every 15 min. Results: The mean oxygen saturation in the prone position (96.164±0.148) was higher than in the supine position (90.479±0.513; P=0.0001). The mean heart rate in the prone position (138.24±1.87 beats/min) was lower than that in the supine position (147.48±1.597 beats/min; P=0.0001). The mean respiratory rate in the prone position (40.430±0.504 breaths/min) was lower than that in the supine position (46.773±0.685 breaths/min; P=0.0001). Conclusion: The current study demonstrated that the prone position put the newborn admitted to NICU in a more stable condition. However, the selection of the best position must be made based on the newborn’s health status and situation