Monitoring of Gamma Radiation Prior to Earthquakes at a Study of Lithosphere-Atmosphere-Ionosphere Coupling in Northern Tien Shan

Monitoring of radiation background in the near-surface atmosphere and of gamma rays, geoacoustic emission, and temperature in a borehole at 40m depth, as well as Doppler sounding on a low-inclined radio pass proceed at the Tien Shan mountain station (3340m a.s.l.) in Northern Tien Shan with common goal to search for seismogenic effects preceding earthquake. The flux of gamma rays in the borehole varies negligibly between the days, and it is not influenced by precipitations. Characteristic bay-like drops of the gamma ray flux were found (2-8)days before the M5.0-M6.2 earthquakes. In a M4.2 earthquake event with the 5.3km epicenter distance anomalies were detected (7-10)days before the earthquake in variation of the gamma ray flux, geoacoustic emission, and temperature. Simultaneously with gamma rays, a disturbance was detected in the Doppler shift of the ionospheric signal. Similarly, ionosphere disturbances triggered by the growth of radioactivity in the near-surface atmosphere were found at retrospective analysis of the Doppler shift data acquired after underground nuclear explosions at the Semipalatinsk testing site. This effect is considered from the viewpoint of the lithosphere-atmosphere-ionosphere coupling concept

High-mountain hybrid installation for multicomponent detection of air-showers induced by ultra-high energy cosmic rays

In this work, we discuss deployment of a new setup of high-frequency antennas for detection of air showers. It is considered to employ two types of high-frequency antennas for the new setup, the first type of antenna is the SALLA type, which is used in the Tunka-Rex experiment, and the second type is a narrow-radiational high-frequency Uda-Yagi antenna. The comparison of radiation patterns, frequency range and noise level in the mountains and at the university altitude levels is presented