The effects of drying on the chemical components of essential oils of Calendula officinalis L.

Calendula officinalis is a medicinal plant whose essential oils are used for various purposes. The oils were extracted by hydrodistillation from fresh leaves, dry leaves and fresh flowers of the herb yielding0.06, 0.03 and 0.09%, respectively. The analysis of the oils by GC-MS revealed a total of 30, 21 and 24 compounds from the fresh leaves, dry leaves and the flowers in the same order. Sesquiterpenoidsdominated the fresh leaves (59.5%) and flowers (26%), while the monoterpenes dominated the oil in the dry leaves (70.3%). T-muurolol (40.9%) predominated in the fresh leaf oil; a-thujene (19.2%) and dcadinene (11.8%) were also present in high quantities. Whereas, 1,8-cineole (29.4%), g-terpenene (11.6%), d-cadinene (9.0%), b-pinene (6.9%) and a-thujene (6.3%) were the major components in the dry leaf oil. In the fresh flower oil, a-thujene (15.9%), d-cadinene (13.1%) and d-cadinene (10.9%) were the major components. The significance of the effect of drying on essential oil composition of this plant is discussed

4-[(4-Meth­oxy­benzyl­idene)amino]­benzene­sulfonamide

The title Schiff base compound, C14H14N2O3S, is non-planar, with a dihedral angle of 24.16 (7)° between the benzene rings. In the crystal, N—H⋯O and N—H⋯N hydrogen bonds link the mol­ecules into a layer parallel to (011). Intra- and inter­layer C—H⋯O inter­actions and π–π inter­actions [centroid–centroid distances = 3.8900 (9) and 3.9355 (8) Å] are also present

3-Methyl-1-phenyl-4-[(phen­yl)(2-phenyl­hydrazin-1-yl)meth­ylidene]-1H-pyrazol-5(4H)-one

The title compound, C23H20N4O, is a heterocyclic phenyl­hydrazone Schiff base with a pyrazole moiety. In the crystal, a variety of inter­actions occur, including N—H⋯π and π–π stacking between the phenyl ring of the phenyl­hydrazinyl group and its symmetry-generated equivalent [centroid–centroid distance = 3.6512 (7) Å]

Chlorido(1H-imidazole-κN 3)bis­(triphenyl­phosphane-κP)copper(I)

In the title complex, [CuCl(C3H4N2)(C18H15P)2], the coordination geometry around CuI is distorted tetra­hedral formed by two triphenyl­phosphane ligands, an imidazole ligand and a chloride group. An intra­molecular C—H⋯Cl inter­action occurs. The crystal packing is stabilized by inter­molecular N—H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds, which form an extended chain parallel to [010]