Does atorvastatin work more effectively than biguanides in reducing cardiovascular risk factors?

Increased risk of coronary artery disease in diabetic persons is associated with increased level of lipoproteins. Usually, such risks are reverted with glycemic control by antidiabetic medicines in Type I diabetes millitus. However, in Type II diabetes mellitus lipid values can be improved using antidiabetics but still the risk of coronary artery disease remains. The initial approach for reducing lipid contents in diabetic patients should include glycemic control, diet, weight loss, and exercise. But if it fails then lipid-lowering agents like fibrate and HMG CoA reductase (3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase) inhibitors should work effectively. In the present study results of atorvastatin compared with biguanides proved atorvastatin as a more effective lipid-lowering agent along with antidiabetic activity so it can effectively help in reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD)

Oxidative stress and lipid per-oxidation with repeatedly heated mix vegetable oils in different doses in comparison with single time heated vegetable oils

Cardiovascular diseases and cancer are the leading cause of death worldwide, changed lifestyle and eating habits are the major contributing factors. Daily consumption cooking oils is one of the nutritional sources in today\u27s life. Oils are available in market in the blend of two or more oils to get the maximum health benefits. There are number of factors which decide the pathogenic or protective effects of these oils, like fatty acids(FAs) composition, duration and extent of thermal exposure, daily intake and consumption duration. While processing the food cooking oils are thermally oxidized, that exert deleterious health effects, when taken for long time. The present study designed to evaluate the lipid peroxidation and level of oxidative stress in rabbits treated with repeatedly heated mix vegetable oils, in low (L-RHMVO) and high doses (H-RHMVO) in comparison with single time heated olive (STH-OO), canola (STH-CO), sunflower (STH-SO) oils individually and in mixture (STH-MVO) collected from Karachi (Pakistan).Six groups of animals treated with all these processed oils for 16 weeks along with normal diet .Control group was kept on normal rabbit diet. Animal body and organ weight was recorded. Blood samples were collected to measure plasma Malondialdehyde (MDA), Homocysteine(H-Cys), Creatine phosphokinase (CPK), Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH),C-reactive protein (CRP) and lipid profile (TGs, Total-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and VLDL-cholesterol).Statistically highly significant (p\u3c0.005) increased body and organ weight along with Total-cholesterol, TGs, LDL-cholesterol, VDLD-Cholesterol, H-Cys, MDA,CPK,LDH & CRP and decreased HDL-cholesterol was found in H-RHMVO and L-RHMVO groups in dose dependent manner compared to control and single time heated oils groups. Among the single time heated oils STH-SO fed animals had significant (p\u3c0.05) increase in lipid periodization and oxidative stress parameters. STH-OO showed least variation from control with significant increase in HDL-cholesterol level. The finding of this study not only confirms health deleterious effect of vegetable oils when used in thermally oxidized condition but also suggests induced-metabolic changes with oxidative stress. So more advance studies simulating real-life exposure to multiple hazardous substances is required

Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Phaseolus vulgaris L. Fixed Oil in Rodents

The seeds of Phaseolus vulgaris are known as common beans or kidney beans. The dry seeds are eaten as pulse and are enriched with protein, fiber, starch, B vitamins (B1, B6, B9), iron, potassium and selenium. Beans also contain about 1-2 % of fixed oil. Phaseolus vulgaris is linked with anticancer, antihyperlipidemic, hypoglycemic and antioxidant actions. The fixed oil of Phaseolus vulgaris (PVFO) seeds is extracted with hexane and used in this study to assess acute oral toxicity, analgesic (by acetic acid induced writhing, hot plate and tail flick tests in mice) and anti-inflammatory (by carrageenan induced paw edema in rats) actions. Four groups were made (n=6): Group-I: Normal Saline Control (2ml/kg), Group-II: PVFO (2ml/kg), Group-III: PVFO (4ml/kg) and Group-IV: Standard Acetyl salicylic acid (ASA 300 mg/kg). PVFO in 2ml/kg and 4ml/kg dose demonstrated analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities but in hot plate results were unreliable as here significant activity started after 90 minutes. For toxicity test 5ml/kg dose was administered orally in mice and no toxicity symptoms were observed. It is therefore concluded that PVFO is safe for oral use up to 5ml/kg and may possess analgesic and anti-inflammatory actions

Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Phaseolus vulgaris L. Fixed Oil in Rodents

The seeds of Phaseolus vulgaris are known as common beans or kidney beans. The dry seeds are eaten as pulse and are enriched with protein, fiber, starch, B vitamins (B1, B6, B9), iron, potassium and selenium. Beans also contain about 1-2 % of fixed oil. Phaseolus vulgaris is linked with anticancer, antihyperlipidemic, hypoglycemic and antioxidant actions. The fixed oil of Phaseolus vulgaris (PVFO) seeds is extracted with hexane and used in this study to assess acute oral toxicity, analgesic (by acetic acid induced writhing, hot plate and tail flick tests in mice) and anti-inflammatory (by carrageenan induced paw edema in rats) actions. Four groups were made (n=6): Group-I: Normal Saline Control (2ml/kg), Group-II: PVFO (2ml/kg), Group-III: PVFO (4ml/kg) and Group-IV: Standard Acetyl salicylic acid (ASA 300 mg/kg). PVFO in 2ml/kg and 4ml/kg dose demonstrated analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities but in hot plate results were unreliable as here significant activity started after 90 minutes. For toxicity test 5ml/kg dose was administered orally in mice and no toxicity symptoms were observed. It is therefore concluded that PVFO is safe for oral use up to 5ml/kg and may possess analgesic and anti-inflammatory actions