17 research outputs found
Clinical Study of the Relation between Mucosal Healing and Long-Term Outcomes in Ulcerative Colitis
Background and Objectives. Mucosal healing (MH) is considered an important therapeutic goal in ulcerative colitis (UC). We evaluate the severity of intestinal inflammation and clarify the relation between MH and long-term outcomes. Methods. The study group comprised 38 patients with UC in clinical remission on total colonoscopy who were followed up for at least 5 years. Clinical remission was defined as a Mayo score of 0 for both stool frequency and rectal bleeding. Colonoscopic findings were evaluated into 4 grades according to the Mayo endoscopic subscore (MES). Results. During clinical remission, the MES was 0 in only 24% of the patients, 1 in 40%, 2 in 26%, and 3 in 10%. Seventy-six percent of the patients thus had active disease on colonoscopy. After initial colonoscopy, the cumulative rate of remission maintenance was 100% in MES 0, 1 in 93%, 2 in 70%, and 3 in 50% at 6 months and 78%, 40%, 10%, and 0%, respectively, at 5 years (). Conclusion. Many patients with UC in clinical remission have active lesions. Patients with a higher MES have a higher rate of recurrence. To improve long-term outcomes, an MES of 0 should be the treatment goal
Comparison of Diagnostic Accuracies of Various Endoscopic Examination Techniques for Evaluating the Invasion Depth of Colorectal Tumors
This study was designed to assess the clinical value of magnifying endoscopy combined with EUS for estimating the invasion depth of colorectal tumors.
We studied 168 colorectal adenomas and carcinomas that were sequentially examined by conventional endoscopy followed by magnifying endoscopy and EUS in the same session to evaluate invasion depth. Endoscopic images obtained by each technique were reassessed by 3 endoscopists to determine whether endoscopic resection (adenoma, mucosal cancer, or submucosal cancer with slight invasion) or colectomy (submucosal cancer with massive invasion or advanced cancer) was indicated. The accuracy of differential diagnosis was compared among the examination techniques. The rate of correct differential diagnosis according to endoscopic examination technique was similar. The proportion of lesions that were difficult to diagnose was significantly higher for EUS (15.5%) than for conventional endoscopy and magnifying endoscopy. Among lesions that could be diagnosed, the rate of correct differential diagnosis was the highest for EUS (89.4%), but did not significantly differ among three endoscopic examination techniques. When it is difficult to evaluate the invasion depth of colorectal tumors on conventional endoscopy alone, the combined use of different examination techniques such as EUS may enhance diagnostic accuracy in some lesions
Roles of Capsule Endoscopy and Single-Balloon Enteroscopy in Diagnosing Unexplained Gastrointestinal Bleeding
Background/Aims: The diagnostic algorithms used for selecting patients with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding (OGIB) for capsule endoscopy (CE) or balloon-assisted enteroscopy (BE) vary among facilities. We aimed to demonstrate the appropriate selection criteria of CE and single balloon-assisted enteroscopy (SBE) for patients with OGIB according to their conditions, by retrospectively comparing the diagnostic performances of CE and BE for detecting the source of the OGIB. Methods: We investigated 194 patients who underwent CE and/or BE. The rate of positive findings, details of the findings, accidental symptoms, and hemostasis methods were examined and analyzed. Results: CE and SBE were performed in 103 and 91 patients, respectively, and 26 patients underwent both examinations. The rate of positive findings was significantly higher with SBE (73.6%) than with CE (47.5%, p<0.01). The rate of positive findings was higher in overt bleeding cases than in occult bleeding cases for both BE and SBE. Among the overt bleeding cases, the rate was significantly higher in ongoing bleeding cases than in previous bleeding cases. Conclusions: Both CE and SBE are useful to diagnose OGIB. For overt bleeding cases and ongoing bleeding cases, SBE may be more appropriate than CE because endoscopic diagnosis and treatment can be completed simultaneously
Cytoglobin expression of rectal subepithelial myofibroblasts: Significant alterations of cytoglobin+ stromal cells in long-standing ulcerative colitis
Cytoglobin/stellate cell activation-associated
protein (Cygb/STAP), a hemoprotein, functions as part
of an O2 reservoir with protective effects against
oxidative stress in hepatic stellate cells. Heterogeneous
expression of the neural cell adhesion molecule
(NCAM)+ and/or α-smooth muscle actin (αSMA)+ has
been noted in subepithelial myofibroblasts and
interstitial cells of the same lineage in the colorectum.
We have demonstrated that early genomic instability of
both epithelial and stromal cells in ulcerative colitis
(UC) is important for colorectal tumorigenesis, as well
as for mucosal remodeling. To further clarify possible
roles of stromal cells in mucosal remodeling and tumor
development in UC, we here focused on Cygb
expression of subepithelial myofibroblasts and
interstitial cells, as well as αSMA and HSP47.
Noncancerous mucosa of resected rectae from UC
patients with or without colorectal neoplasia (14 and 20
cases, respectively) and of sporadic rectal cancer cases
(16) was analyzed immunohistochemically, as well as by
immuno-fluorescence and electron microscopy. The
results, heterogeneous phenotypes of Cygb+, αSMA+
and HSP47+ subepithelial myofibroblasts and interstitial
cells, corresponding to rectal stellate cells, were
demonstrated. A decrease of Cygb+ subepithelial
myofibroblasts and an increase of αSMA+ interstitial
cells were significant in UC, as compared to normal
rectal mucosa. Furthermore, a decrease of Cygb+
subepithelial myofibroblasts, correlating with αSMA+
and HSP47+ cells, was significant in long-standing UC with neoplasia. In conclusion, there are heterogeneous
phenotypes of Cygb+, αSMA+ and HSP47+ subepithelial
myofibroblasts and interstitial cells in the rectal mucosa.
Mucosal remodeling with alterations of Cygb+ and/or
αSMA+/HSP47+ stromal cells might have some relation
to UC-associated tumorigenesis