Role of ayurveda detoxification and dietary modification on restoration of euglycemia in T2DM patients

Background: The current study sought to assess restoration of carbohydrate metabolism in known type 2 diabetes patients to achieve good glycemic control without dependency on oral antihyperglycemic agents by implementing the comprehensive diabetes control (CDC) program. Methods: A retrospective, single-centre observational study was conducted from April 2021 to April 2022. Patients who were known cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus aged 18 years and above who underwent at least 6 sessions of the CDC program were included in this study. Patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus were excluded from the study. Follow-up was conducted after 90 days. Baseline data was compared with follow-up data. Results: A total of 69 patients were assessed in this study. Of the patients, testing was performed on 95.8% patients, of which. 92.8% patients were found to have negative glucose tolerance and 7.3% were found to have impaired glucose tolerance. Conclusions: The CDC program can be useful to restore euglycemia in know type 2 diabetic patients by reducing insulin resistance caused by central obesity

Pattern of fall injuries in Pakistan: the Pakistan National Emergency Department Surveillance (Pak-NEDS) study.

Background: We aimed to analyse the frequency and patterns of fall-related injuries presenting to the emergency departments (EDs) across Pakistan.Methods: Pakistan National Emergency Departments surveillance system collected data from November 2010 to March 2011 on a 24/7 basis using a standardized tool in seven major EDs (five public and two private hospitals) in six major cities of Pakistan. For all patients presenting with fall-related injuries, we analysed data by intent with focus on unintentional falls. Simple frequencies were run for basic patient demographics, mechanism of falls, outcomes of fall injuries, mode of arrival to ED, investigations, and procedures with outcomes.Results: There were 3335 fall-related injuries. In cases where intent was available, two-thirds (n = 1186, 65.3%) of fall injuries were unintentional. Among unintentional fall patients presenting to EDs, the majority (76.9%) were males and between 15-44 years of age (69%). The majority of the unintentional falls (n = 671, 56.6%) were due to slipping, followed by fall from height (n = 338, 28.5%). About two-thirds (n = 675, 66.6%) of fall injuries involved extremities, followed by head/neck (n = 257, 25.4%) and face (n = 99, 9.8%). Most of the patients were discharged from the hospital (n = 1059, 89.3%). There were 17 (1.3%) deaths among unintentional fall cases.Conclusion: Falls are an important cause of injury-related visits to EDs in Pakistan. Most of the fall injury patients were men and in a productive age group. Fall injuries pose a burden on the healthcare system, especially emergency services, and future studies should therefore focus on safety measures at home and in workplaces to reduce this burden

Actinobacteria: Potential Candidate as Plant Growth Promoters

Plant growth enhancement using plant beneficial bacteria has been viewed in the sustainable agriculture as an alternative to chemical fertilizers. Actinobacteria, among the group of important plant-associated bacteria, have been widely studied for its plant growth promotion activities. Actinobacteria are considered as a limelight among agriculturists for their beneficial aspects toward plants. They are naturally occurring spore-forming bacteria inhabiting the soil and known for their plant growth-promoting and biocontrol properties. The mechanisms behind these activities include nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, siderophore production, and other attributes such as antifungal production of metabolites, phytohormones, and volatile organic compound. All these activities not only enhance the plant growth but also provide resistance in plants to withstand unfavorable conditions of the environment. Hence, this chapter emphasizes on the plant growth traits of actinobacteria and how far it was studied for enhanced growth and bio-fortification