Summary of clinical and pathological features and group differences between pRCC subtypes (pRCC subtypes, n = 429).

<p>Summary of clinical and pathological features and group differences between pRCC subtypes (pRCC subtypes, n = 429).</p

Uni- and multivariate Cox cause-specific hazards analysis of pRCC, ccRCC, and pRCC subtypes (type 1 and type 2) and clinical and pathological variables for the prediction of cancer-specific mortality in patients with metastatic RCC in the post tyrosine kinase inhibitor era.

<p>Uni- and multivariate Cox cause-specific hazards analysis of pRCC, ccRCC, and pRCC subtypes (type 1 and type 2) and clinical and pathological variables for the prediction of cancer-specific mortality in patients with metastatic RCC in the post tyrosine kinase inhibitor era.</p

Uni- and multivariate Cox cause-specific hazards analysis of pRCC, ccRCC, and pRCC subtypes (type 1 and type 2) and clinical/ pathological variables for the prediction of cancer-specific mortality in patients with non-metastatic and metastatic RCC.

<p>Uni- and multivariate Cox cause-specific hazards analysis of pRCC, ccRCC, and pRCC subtypes (type 1 and type 2) and clinical/ pathological variables for the prediction of cancer-specific mortality in patients with non-metastatic and metastatic RCC.</p

Cumulative incidence curves for cancer-specific mortality.

<p>A) Non-metastatic disease, papillary renal cell carcinoma (pRCC) versus clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC); B) Non-metastatic disease, pRCC subtypes (type 1 and type 2) versus ccRCC; C) Metastatic disease, pRCC versus ccRCC; D) Metastatic disease, pRCC subtypes (type 1 and type 2) versus ccRCC.</p

Spanish Translation - Prostate-specific antigen decline with apalutamide therapy is associated with longer survival and improved outcomes in individuals with metastatic prostate cancer: a plain language summary of the TITAN study

What is this summary about?This summary describes the results from an additional (or post hoc) analysis of the TITAN study. The TITAN study looked at whether the prostate cancer treatment apalutamide could be used to treat individuals with metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (or mCSPC). A total of 1052 participants with mCSPC were included in the TITAN study. Treatment with apalutamide was compared with treatment with placebo. All participants received androgen deprivation therapy (or ADT), which is a type of hormone therapy that has been part of the main treatment for mCSPC for many years. The results showed that apalutamide plus ADT increased the length of time that participants remained alive compared with placebo plus ADT. Apalutamide plus ADT also controlled the growth of the cancer for a longer length of time compared with placebo plus ADT. Additionally, participants who received apalutamide plus ADT experienced a greater reduction in the blood levels of prostate-specific antigen (or PSA), called a deep PSA decline, compared with those who received placebo plus ADT. An additional (or post hoc) analysis was carried out to understand whether a decrease in blood PSA levels, in response to treatment, was associated with improved outcomes, including longer survival time.What were the results of the additional analysis?In participants who received apalutamide plus ADT, a deep PSA decline in response to treatment was associated with longer survival time and improved outcomes.What do these results mean for individuals with mCSPC?These results demonstrate that individuals with mCSPC can benefit from treatment with apalutamide plus ADT. The association seen between deep PSA decline and the longer survival time and improved outcomes highlights how PSA measurements can be used to help monitor cancer disease evolution in response to treatment. Monitoring PSA levels will assist doctors and other healthcare professionals to understand how effectively a treatment is working for a patient and to tailor their treatment approach to improve PSA decline.</p

Prognostic and discriminative power of the 7th TNM classification for patients with surgically treated papillary renal cell carcinoma: results of a multi-institutional validation study (CORONA subtype project)

<p><b>Objective:</b> Studies on the prognostic reliability of the Union for International Cancer Control tumor, node, metastasis (TNM) staging system for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) predominantly focus on clear-cell RCC. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate whether the oncological prognosis of surgically treated papillary RCC (papRCC) patients is reliably given by the current TNM system, by analyzing the largest database reported to date.</p> <p><b>Materials and methods:</b> Data on 2325 papRCC patients who underwent surgical treatment in 1984– 2015 were collated from 17 international centers (median follow-up 47 months). Tumor stage was adapted to the 7th edition of the TNM system. Multivariable, bootstrap-corrected Cox regression models were applied to assess the independent impact of the TNM system on cancer-specific mortality (CSM) and all-cause mortality (ACM).</p> <p><b>Results:</b> The median age at diagnosis was 63 years (interquartile range 54–70 years) and 77% of patients were male. Nephron-sparing surgery was performed in 42%, and 82% were with symptom free at diagnosis. In 6.7% (<i>n</i> = 156), organ metastasis (stage M1) was present at the time of surgery. On multivariable analysis, the TNM system and Fuhrman grade had an independent impact on both CSM and ACM, while patient age affected ACM only. The discriminative ability of the pT classification was significant for both endpoints: 5 year CSM rates were 5%, 17%, 36% and 56% for stages pT1, pT2, pT3 and pT4, respectively (each <i>p</i> < 0.001). The pT classification contributed significantly to the predictive accuracy of the CSM and ACM models by 6.3% and 2.5%, respectively (each <i>p</i> < 0.001).</p> <p><b>Conclusions:</b> The 2010 TNM staging system can be reliably applied to papRCC patients and allows certain prognostic discrimination.</p

Prognostic and discriminative power of the 7th TNM classification for patients with surgically treated papillary renal cell carcinoma: results of a multi-institutional validation study (CORONA subtype project)

<p><b>Objective:</b> Studies on the prognostic reliability of the Union for International Cancer Control tumor, node, metastasis (TNM) staging system for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) predominantly focus on clear-cell RCC. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate whether the oncological prognosis of surgically treated papillary RCC (papRCC) patients is reliably given by the current TNM system, by analyzing the largest database reported to date.</p> <p><b>Materials and methods:</b> Data on 2325 papRCC patients who underwent surgical treatment in 1984– 2015 were collated from 17 international centers (median follow-up 47 months). Tumor stage was adapted to the 7th edition of the TNM system. Multivariable, bootstrap-corrected Cox regression models were applied to assess the independent impact of the TNM system on cancer-specific mortality (CSM) and all-cause mortality (ACM).</p> <p><b>Results:</b> The median age at diagnosis was 63 years (interquartile range 54–70 years) and 77% of patients were male. Nephron-sparing surgery was performed in 42%, and 82% were with symptom free at diagnosis. In 6.7% (<i>n</i> = 156), organ metastasis (stage M1) was present at the time of surgery. On multivariable analysis, the TNM system and Fuhrman grade had an independent impact on both CSM and ACM, while patient age affected ACM only. The discriminative ability of the pT classification was significant for both endpoints: 5 year CSM rates were 5%, 17%, 36% and 56% for stages pT1, pT2, pT3 and pT4, respectively (each <i>p</i> < 0.001). The pT classification contributed significantly to the predictive accuracy of the CSM and ACM models by 6.3% and 2.5%, respectively (each <i>p</i> < 0.001).</p> <p><b>Conclusions:</b> The 2010 TNM staging system can be reliably applied to papRCC patients and allows certain prognostic discrimination.</p