Cartographier l’évolution du contenu de la revue Archives au moyen des techniques de fouille de textes et de bibliométrie

À l’occasion du 50e anniversaire de l’Association des archivistes du Québec (AAQ), cinq professionnels de l’archivistique ont réalisé une analyse du contenu de la revue Archives à partir d’une approche basée sur des techniques de fouille de textes, complétée par une analyse bibliométrique. Ces techniques facilitent le traitement de grandes quantités de données afin d’en extraire automatiquement certaines caractéristiques qui les ont renseignés tant sur l’évolution thématique de la revue que sur la place qu’occupe sa production dans l’espace archivistique scientifique et professionnel québécois et international. Leur article offre une occasion de revenir sur les principales thématiques abordées dans la revue depuis les vingt dernières années en rendant compte de l’évolution des objets de recherche étudiés et, plus généralement, de la profession archivistique. Il permet également de s’interroger sur les liens existants entre les auteurs et leurs institutions, et de faire le point sur l’académisation ou la professionnalisation de la revue

In situ modeling of PAH dynamics in agricultural soils amended with composts using the “VSOIL” platform

In situ modeling of PAH dynamics in agricultural soils amended with composts using the “VSOIL” platform. EGU 2017, European Geophysical Union General Assembly 201

Transformation kinetics and microstructures of Ti17 titanium alloy during continuous cooling

International audienceWe have investigated the microstructure evolutions in the Ti17 near Click to view the MathML source titanium alloy during heat treatments. The phase transformation has first been studied experimentally by combining X-ray diffraction analysis, electrical resistivity and microscopy observations. From a series of isothermal treatments, a IT diagram has been determined, which takes into account the different morphologies. Then, a Johnson–Mehl–Avrami–Kolmogorov (JMAK) model has been successfully used to describe the phase transformation kinetics during either isothermal or cooling treatments. Finally, the coupling of the JMAK model to the finite element software ZeBuLoN allowed us to investigate the evolution of the spatial distribution of the different morphologies during the cooling of an aircraft engine shaft disk after forging

A triadic framework for collaborative consumption (CC): Motives, activities and resources & capabilities of actors

Collaborative consumption (CC) is an increasingly prevalent form of exchange. CC occurs within a triangle of actors: a platform provider (e.g., Uber), a peer service provider (e.g., an Uber driver) and a customer. The platform provider’s main role is matchmaking, so that a customer can access assets of a peer service provider. This paper has three objectives. First, this article identifies three criteria to delineate CC from related constructs such as access-based consumption, sharing or renting. Second, it introduces a literature-based framework explicating the roles of the actors in the CC triangle along three dimensions: motives, activities and resources and capabilities. Third, it highlights areas for further research, such as the dynamics of CC, context-dependent motives and the emergence of professional (peer) service providers

Low-Wavelengths SOI CMOS Photosensors for Biomedical Applications

INTRODUCTION : Biological agents may be characterized (in terms of quantity (or concentration), purity, nature) using optical ways like spectrometry, fluorometry and real-time PCR for example. Most of these techniques are based on absorbance or fluorescence. Indeed, many biological molecules can absorb the light when excited at wavelengths close to blue and ultraviolet (UV). For example, DNA, RNA and proteins feature an absorption peak in the deep UV, more precisely around 260 and 280 nm (Karczemska & Sokolowska, 2001). This work is widely focused on those wavelengths. A biological sample concentration measurement method can be based on UV light absorbance or transmittance, as already known and realized with high-cost and large-size biomedical apparatus. But, often, the difficulties come from the limitation for measuring very small concentrations (close to a few ng/µL or lower) since the measurement of such small light intensity variations at those low wavelengths requires a precise light source, and very efficient photodetectors. Reducing the dimensions of such a characterization system further requires a small light source, a miniaturized photosensor and a processing system with high precision to reduce the measurement variations. Some light-emitting diodes (LED) performing at those UV wavelengths have recently appeared and may be used to implement the light source. Concerning the optical sensor, while accurate but high-cost photosensors in technologies such as AlGaN and SiC provide high sensitivities in UV low wavelengths thanks to their semiconductor bandgap (Yotter & Wilson, 2003), the silicon-on-insulator (SOI) layers absorb the photons in that specific range thanks to an appropriate thickness of the silicon. Adding excellent performances of low power consumption, good temperature behavior and high speed (Flandre et al., 1999; 2001), the SOI technology allows the designers for integrating a specific signal processing integrated CMOS circuit to transform the photocurrent into a digital signal for example. This opens the possibility to build a low-cost, complete and portable microsystem, including the light source, the photodetector and a recipient for the sample to characterize […

Acute and Delayed Neuromuscular Alterations Induced by Downhill Running in Trained Trail Runners: Beneficial Effects of High-Pressure Compression Garments

Introduction: The aim of this study was to examine, from a crossover experimental design, whether wearing high-pressure compression garments (CGs) during downhill treadmill running affects soft-tissue vibrations, acute and delayed responses in running economy (RE), neuromuscular function, countermovement jump, and perceived muscle soreness.Methods: Thirteen male trail runners habituated to regular eccentric training performed two separate 40-min downhill running (DHR, –8.5°) sessions while wearing either CGs (15–20 mmHg for quadriceps and calves) or control garments (CON) at a velocity associated with ∼55% of VO2max, with a set of measurements before (Pre-), after (Post-DHR), and 1 day after (Post-1D). No CGs was used within the recovery phase. Perceived muscle soreness, countermovement jump, and neuromuscular function (central and peripheral components) of knee extensors (KE) and plantar flexors (PF) were assessed. Cardiorespiratory responses (e.g., heart rate, ventilation) and RE, as well as soft-tissue vibrations (root mean square of the resultant acceleration, RMS Ar) for vastus lateralis and gastrocnemius medialis were evaluated during DHR and in Post-1D.Results: During DHR, mean values in RMS Ar significantly increased over time for the vastus lateralis only for the CON condition (+11.6%). RE and cardiorespiratory responses significantly increased (i.e., alteration) over time in both conditions. Post, small to very large central and peripheral alterations were found for KE and PF in both conditions. However, the deficit in voluntary activation (VA) was significantly lower for KE following CGs (–2.4%), compared to CON (–7.9%) conditions. No significant differences in perceived muscle soreness and countermovement jump were observed between conditions whatever the time period. Additionally, in Post-1D, the CGs condition showed reductions in neuromuscular peripheral alterations only for KE (from –4.4 to –7.7%) and perceived muscle soreness scores (–8.3%). No significant differences in cardiorespiratory and RE responses as well as countermovement jump were identified between conditions in Post-1D.Discussion: Wearing high-pressure CGs (notably on KE) during DHR was associated with beneficial effects on soft-tissue vibrations, acute and delayed neuromuscular function, and perceived muscle soreness. The use of CGs during DHR might contribute to the enhanced muscle recovery by exerting an exercise-induced “mechanical protective effect.

Complete Genome Sequence of the Piezophilic, Mesophilic, Sulfate-Reducing Bacterium Desulfovibrio hydrothermalis AM13(T.).

International audienceDesulfovibrio hydrothermalis AM13(T) is a piezophilic, mesophilic, hydrogenotrophic sulfate-reducing bacterium collected from a deep-sea hydrothermal chimney on the East Pacific Rise (2,600 m depth, 13°N). We report the genome sequence of this bacterium, which includes a 3,702,934-bp chromosome and a circular plasmid of 5,328 bp