Methanol mass poisoning in Iran: Role of case finding in outbreak management

Background There are no guidelines addressing the public health aspects of methanol poisoning during larger outbreaks. The current study was done to discuss the role of active case finding and a national guideline that organizes all available resources according to a triage strategy in the successful management of a methanol mass poisoning in Rafsanjan, Iran, in May 2013. Methods A retrospective cross-sectional study was performed reviewing the outbreak Emergency Operation Center files. The objectives were to describe the characteristics, management and outcome of a methanol outbreak using Active Case Finding to trace the victims. Results A total of 694 patients presented to emergency departments in Rafsanjan after public announcement of the outbreak between 29th May and 3rd June 2013. The announcement was mainly performed via short message service (SMS) and local radio broadcasting. A total of 361 cases were observed and managed in Rafsanjan and 333 were transferred to other cities. Seventy-five and 100 patients underwent hemodialysis (HD), retrospectively. The main indication for HD was refractory metabolic acidosis. Eight patients expired due to the intoxication. Except for the deceased cases, no serum methanol level was available. Conclusion In developing countries, where diagnostic resources are limited, use of active case finding and developing national guidelines can help in the management of large outbreaks of methanol poisonings. © 2014 The Author 2014. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Faculty of Public Health. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: [email protected]

The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in drivers: A meta-analysis and systematic review

Metabolic syndrome is an increasing disorder, especially in night workers. Drivers are considered to work during 24 hours a day. Because of job characteristics such as stress, low mobility and long working hours, they are at risk of a metabolic syndrome disorder. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study is a meta-analysis and systematic review of the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in drivers. METHODS: In this systematic review, articles were extracted from national and international databases: Scientific Information Database (SID), Iran Medex, Mag Iran, Google Scholar, Science Direct, PubMed, ProQuest, and Scopus. Data analysis was performed using meta-analysis and systematic review (random effect model). The calculation of heterogeneity was carried out using the I2 index and Cochran's Q test. All statistical analyses were performed using STATA software version 11. RESULTS: A total of nine articles related to the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in drivers in different regions of the world from 2008 to 2016 were obtained. The total sample size studied was 26156 with an average of 2906 samples per study. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in drivers was 34 (95 CI: 30-37) CONCLUSIONS: According to the results of this study, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in drivers is high. Occupational stress, unhealthy diet and physical inactivity cannot be cited as causes of metabolic syndrome prevalence in drivers. Therefore, to maintain and to improve the health of this group, the implementation of preventive, therapeutic and rehabilitation measures for these people as well as training should be considered. © 2020 - IOS Press and the authors. All rights reserved

Quality of working life and organizational commitment of Iranian pre-hospital paramedic employees during the 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak

The present study aims to examine the relationship between the quality of working life and organizational commitment of prehospital paramedic personnel in Emergency Medical Systems affiliated to the Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Iran during the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2020, in 12 emergency bases supervised by Kerman University of Medical Sciences and 200 participants were randomly selected according to the table of Morgan. Meyer and Allen's organizational commitment questionnaires and Bolton's quality of working life questionnaire were used in the study. Normative commitment component among other organizational commitment components had the highest mean score, 3.51 ± 1.06 and emotional commitment component had the lowest average, 3.31 ± 0.83. Among the factors of working life quality, the skill development opportunities and continuous learning had the highest mean score, 3.37 ± 0.87 and the wage and material benefits component had the lowest average, 1.65 ± 1.08. There was a significant relationship between the organizational commitment and quality of working life P = 0.01, r = 0.45. According to the results of the present research, to increase the quality of working life and organizational commitment of Emergency Medical personnel, more emphasis should be placed on the employee participation in terms of decision-making, skill development opportunities, continuous learning and job security. © 2020 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group

Investigation of relationship between occupational stress and cardiovascular risk factors among nurses

Background: One of the major causes of various work-related health problems among nurses is occupational stress. Hence, the main purpose of the present research was to find association between occupational stress of nurses and risk factors of cardiovascular disease. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the Osipow job stress questionnaire was employed to assess the occupational stress among the 250 nurses in Emam Khomeini hospital of Tehran in 2018. Based on stress score for partici-pants, subjects divided into two groups: Scoring of group one was 60-179 (mild and average stress) and group two between 180 and 300 (average to acute and acute stress). Systolic and diastolic blood pressures were recorded for subjects after 10hrs fasting. Then the blood samples were collected to measure cholesterol, triglyceride and glucose levels. For determining the association between education level, job experience and study groups, the Chi-square test and for comparing job stress between two groups of study the Mann�Whitney U test was used. Results: Subjects with job stress in group one was 70(28) and group two was 180(72). The association between level of education and two study groups was not significant (P=0.129) while between job experience and two study groups was significant (P=0.004). Mean of Blood glucose levels for group I (98.0± 37.5), was higher than group II (82.5±12.0) and statistically significant (P=0.001). No significant difference was found between two groups of study for other parameters. Conclusion: High level of work-related stress among subjects affected the values related to blood glucose level, but no significant relationship was found between other risk factors of cardiovascular diseases and occupational stress among nurses. © 2020, Iranian Journal of Public Health. All rights reserved