Studying The Dielectric and Structural Properties of Baxsr1-Xtio3 (BST) Ferroelectric System Prepared by Using Oxalic Acid Route

BaxSr1-xTiO3 (BST) ferroelectric nano, poly crystalline systems wereprocessed with three concentrations (x = 0.5, 0.7 and 0.9) using a technique knownas oxalic acid route. The XRD spectra were analyzed, and used Scherer formula toestimate the crystallite size of the products, which reached to 15.4 nm at x = 0.5. Itis found that increasing of Sr+2 cations help to decrease the crystallite size ofBaxSr1-xTiO3 system and the tetragonality c/a increases when the crystallite sizeincreases. In physical tests we conclude that the oxalic acid method is a goodmethod to prepare a BST ferroelectric phase with high density (5.05, 5.5 and 5.45)gm/cm3, and small porosity (16, 8, and11) % for (x = 0.5, 0.7 and 0.9)respectively

Studying The Electrical Properties Of Piezoelectric Material (PZT) Prepared By Organic Acid Precursor Method

The compound of piezoelectric nanopowders with a general system PbZxrTi1-xO3(PZT) at different concentrations (x =0.3, 0.5 and 0.7) were prepared by usingorganic acid precursor method. Disc shaped samples of each concentrations weresintered for two hours at temperatures in the range of (700-1100ºC). The perovskitestructure was determined by X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, and the dielectricproperties were investigated for all samples. The dielectric studies of thecompounds as function of temperature in the range (room temperature to 450ºC) atfrequency 1 KHz shows that the compounds undergo a phase transition of diffusetype from tetragonal phase to cubic phase. Maximum values of electrical propertiessuch as (Dielectric constant 1200, loss factor 1.05) were found for PZ0.5 T0.5compounds, and these properties decrease with increasing of (Zr or Ti) additives.The effect of frequency in range (103-105 Hz) on electrical properties is low withstability in dielectric constant and dielectric loss

Subsurface Flow Phytoremediation Using Barley Plants for Water Recovery from Kerosene-Contaminated Water: Effect of Kerosene Concentration and Removal Kinetics

A phytoremediation experiment was carried out with kerosene as a model for total petroleum hydrocarbons. A constructed wetland of barley was exposed to kerosene pollutants at varying concentrations (1, 2, and 3% v/v) in a subsurface flow (SSF) system. After a period of 42 days of exposure, it was found that the average ability to eliminate kerosene ranged from 56.5% to 61.2%, with the highest removal obtained at a kerosene concentration of 1% v/v. The analysis of kerosene at varying initial concentrations allowed the kinetics of kerosene to be fitted with the Grau model, which was closer than that with the zero order, first order, or second order kinetic models. The experimental study showed that the barley plant designed in a subsurface flow phytoremediation system would have great potential for the reclamation of kerosene-contaminated water

Simultaneous Adsorption of Ternary Antibiotics (Levofloxacin, Meropenem, and Tetracycline) by SunFlower Husk Coated with Copper Oxide Nanoparticles

In this study, a new adsorbent derived from sunflower husk powder and coated in CuO nanoparticles (CSFH) was investigated to evaluate the simultaneous adsorption of Levofloxacin (LEV), Meropenem (MER), and Tetracycline (TEC) from an aqueous solution. Significant improvements in the adsorption capacity of the sunflower husk were identified after the powder particles had been coated in CuO nanoparticles. Kinetic data were correlated using a pseudo-second-order model, and was successful for the three antibiotics. Moreover, high compatibility was identified between the LEV, MER, and TEC, isotherm data, and the Langmuir model, which produced a better fit to suit the isotherm curves. In addition, the spontaneous and exothermic nature of the adsorption process was crucial for transforming the three antibiotics into CSFH. The greatest CSFH adsorption capacity was in MER (131.83 mg/g), followed by TEC (96.95 mg/g), and LEV (62.24 mg/g). These findings thus indicate that CSFH is one of the most effective and efficient adsorbents to use for eliminating wastewater contaminated with antibiotic residue