Lessons from monochorionic twin delivery

The presence of acute peripartum anaemia in a monochorionic twin pregnancy represents a clinical challenge requiring prompt recognition and management. Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) is a major complication of these pregnancies and a medical emergency in its acute form. Acute intrapartum fetoplacental transfusion (AIFT) has been reported infrequently. The authors present a case of a probable acute TTTS in an uneventful monochorionic monoamnionic twin pregnancy, where typical ultrasound criteria for long-standing TTTS were absent. The first twin was born pale, hypotonic and developed hypovolemic shock due to acute anaemia. Soon after birth, she presented with seizures and a cerebral ultrasound detected a large parieto-occipital infarction. The second twin, although plethoric, was clinically well. The risk of acute TTTS and AIFT, although infrequent and unpredictable, should be kept in mind when planning delivery of monochorionic twins, because the consequences for one or both twins can be disastrous

Crescimento inicial de algumas espécies nativas da Caatinga, na Chapada do Araripe, PE.

Resumo

Influência do preparo de solo no crescimento de híbridos de Eucalyptus na Chapada do Araripe, Pernambuco.

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of two soil management approaches: plowing and harrowing (AG) and plowing and harrowing with sub-soiling (AGS) on wood productivity of two Eucalyptus hybrids, in the Chapada do Araripe, Pernambuco. Sub-soiling was done down to 40 cm deep in the row for two hybrids: Eucalyptus grandis x E. camaldulensis (EGC) and E. brassiana x E. urophylla (Ebu), planted in with a spacing of 3.0 x 3.0m. The experimental design was a randomized block with four treatments and eight replications. At six years old, the height, diameter at breast height, survival (number of plants in relation to the initial stand), and timber production per plant were measured. The survival of hybrids in different soil preparations varied from 95 to 99%, and provided no significant difference between treatments. The hybrid Ebu planted in soil under plowing and harrowing showed significantly lower values for height (10.6 cm), timber volume (99 m3.ha-1), and IMA (16.5 m3.ha-1.year-1), compared to the other treatments. Additional parameters were obtained: mean annual increments AG-EGC = 27.0 m3.ha-1.year-1, AG-Ebu = 16.5 m3.ha-1.year-1, AGS-EGC = 24.6 m3.ha-1.year-1, AGS-Ebu = 23.7 m3.ha-1.year-1. The hybrid EGC performed better for both treatments analyzed in relation to the hybrid Ebu

Relationships between Human Population Density and Burned Area at Continental and Global Scales

We explore the large spatial variation in the relationship between population density and burned area, using continental-scale Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) based on 13 years of satellite-derived burned area maps from the global fire emissions database (GFED) and the human population density from the gridded population of the world (GPW 2005). Significant relationships are observed over 51.5% of the global land area, and the area affected varies from continent to continent: population density has a significant impact on fire over most of Asia and Africa but is important in explaining fire over < 22% of Europe and Australia. Increasing population density is associated with both increased and decreased in fire. The nature of the relationship depends on land-use: increasing population density is associated with increased burned are in rangelands but with decreased burned area in croplands. Overall, the relationship between population density and burned area is non-monotonic: burned area initially increases with population density and then decreases when population density exceeds a threshold. These thresholds vary regionally. Our study contributes to improved understanding of how human activities relate to burned area, and should contribute to a better estimate of atmospheric emissions from biomass burning

Diversidade metabólica de microrganismos em rizosfera de linhagens e híbridos de milho contrastantes para fósforo - campo.

A avaliacao da diversidade microbiana e um bom indicador da qualidade dos solos e de diferencas existentes entre solos de rizosfera de plantas. O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar a diversidade metabolica de microrganismos totais da rizosfera, pelo sistema BIOLOG. O solos rizosferico de genotipos de milho, eficientes (E) e ineficientes (I) para fosforo, em alta e baixo P foram coletados na Embrapa Milho e Sorgo, Sete Lagoas, MG, Os hibridos avaliados foram: HT, HS1, HS2, eficientes e L22, ineficientes. Como amostras testemunhas: cerrado natural (mata), plantio direto e solo nao rizosferico dos hibridos e linhagens. As comunidades microbianas tivera, perfil distinto de utilizacao das fontes de carbono, conforme a analise de agrupamento e PCA. Amostras de rizosfera de hibridos e linhagens eficientes sob estresse de P tenderam a se agrupar, indicando que os microrganismos tiveram utilizacao semelhante de fontes de carbono, principalmente acidos carboxílicos. L3, L228 e HT HS2 foram perfil microbiano totalmente distinto quando sob alta dose de P. A diversidade microbiana em solos nao rizosfericos foi menor principalmente em alto P. O genotipos eficientes apresentaram, alta diversidade microbiana quando comparados com o cerrado natural

Desenvolvimento de espécies nativas da Caatinga em áreas degradadas na Chapada do Araripe, Pernambuco.

This work was carried out to evaluate the development of native species in degraded areas in Araripe region of Pernambuco State. The experiment was established in an area of an Experimental Station of the Instituto Agronômico de Pernambuco (IPA) in Araripina-PE. (Latitude: 7°27'50"S, Longitude: 40°24'38"W, height: 828m). The experimental area was previously subjected to plowing and harrowing in order to incorporate into the soil 2.0 t ha-1 of dolomitic limestone. Base fertilization was done with 100 g hole-1 NPK (10:80:30). The planting was done in hills of 30 x 30 x 30 cm, spaced 4 x 4 m. The experimental design was in randomized blocks with five replications and six treatments: angico [Anadenanthera colubrina (Vell.) Brenan], angico de bezerro [Piptadenia obligua (Pers.) Macbr.], aroeira [Myracroduon urundeuva Allemão], jurema preta [Mimosa tenuiflora (Willd.) Poiret.], pau d'arco [Handroanthus impetiginosus (Mart. ex DC.) Mattos] and sabiá (Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth.). ?Sabiá? species, with 1.68 m height, overcame all other species at twenty-four months of age, while ?aroeira? species showed the lowest growth (0.34m). There were no statistically significant differences among the studied species, showing that they are adapted to the environment for being native to the region