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Not Availablehe present experiment was conducted to evaluate the Hsp-70, 27 and Ubiquitin mRNA expressions and serum T3 concentration in synthetic colored broiler female lines, Punjab Broiler-2 (PB-2), and Naked neck (NN) broiler chicken whose eggs were exposed to 2°C increased incubation temperature for 3 hours each on the 16th, 17 th, and 18th day of incubation. Another set of eggs were incubated at normal conditions that were utilized as the control. A total of 432 chicks, 216 from each breed (PB-2; NN) and treatment (Heat exposed: HE; normal: N), were randomly distributed and reared at high ambient temperatures (32°C-45°C) during the summer season in battery brooders. Birds were sacrificed at 0 and the 28th day post hatch and different tissues (heart, liver, muscle, spleen, and bursa) were collected to study Hsps and ubiquitin mRNA expression. There was no difference between the breeds and age of slaughter in Hsp-70 mRNA expression. The Hsp(70, 27, and ubiquitin) mRNA expression was significantly (P≤0.001) lower in HE birds than that of N birds in PB-2 chickens. Nonsignificant variation was observed in NN chicken. The Hsp-70 mRNA expression was highest in bursa and lowest in muscle and liver. Serum T3 concentration was similar in both HE and N birds. The study concludes that exposure to increased temperature during incubation results in reduced expressions of Hsp mRNA in almost all tissues indicating better thermotolerance of the HE birds.ICAR-NICR

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Not AvailableObjective An experiment was conducted to study the effect of graded concentration of digestible lysine (dLys) on performance of layers fed diets containing sub-optimal level of protein. Methods Five diets were formulated to contain graded concentrations of dLys (0.700, 0.665, 0.630, 0.593 and 0.563%), but similar levels of crude protein (15% CP), energy (10.25 MJ ME/kg) and other nutrients. A total of 3520 hens (26 wk of age) with mean body weight of 1215+12.65g were randomly divided into 40 replicate groups of 88 birds in each and housed in open sided colony cage house. Each diet was offered ad libitum to eight replicates from 27 to 74 wk of age. The performance was compiled at every 28 d and the data for each parameter were grouped into three phases, that is early laying phase (27 to 38wk), mid laying phase (39 to 58 wk) and late laying phase (59 to 74 wk of age) for statistical analysis. Results Egg production (EP), egg mass (EM) and feed efficiency (FE– feed required to produce an egg) were significantly improved by the dLys level during the early and mid laying phases but not during the late phase. Whereas, feed intake (FI) was significantly reduced by dLys concentration during mid and late laying phases but not during early laying phase. The egg weight (EW) was not affected by dLys concentration in any of the three phases. Conclusion Based on best fitted statistical models, dietary requirements of dLys worked out to be 0.685%, 0.640% and 0.586% during early phase, mid phase and late egg laying phase, respectively. The calculated requirement of dLys for the respective production phases are 727 mg/bird/d during the early and mid laying phases and 684 mg/bird/d during the late laying phase in diets containing 15% CP.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableWith increasing menace of antimicrobial resistance, demand for organically grown chicken is increasing and the concept of gut health is attracting huge interest among all stakeholders of chicken production system. Chicken gut microbiome plays a key role in the maintenance of gut health and productivity of host through competitive exclusion of pathogens, contribution to the development and function of host immune system and gut epithelial barrier, besides contributions to host nutrition. Recently research focus has shifted towards defining gut microbial community composition in relation to performance variables in different breeds or lines of chicken using high throughput sequencing technologies and towards development of feed additives to support development and maintenance of healthy gut. Host, diet and environment play key role in succession of gut microbial community of chicken, although some evidence suggest that some form of microbial inheritance occurs naturally from dam through the pores of the eggshell and that early interventions can influence intestinal colonization of birds with a healthy microbiota. This review compiles information about the connection of gut microbiome with gut health and performance of chicken and advances in technologies related to dietary interventions to modulate gut health in chicken favorably.Not Availabl

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